Effects of pesticides upon nitrogen fixation and nodulation by dry bean

Schnelle, Michael A.; Hensley, David L.

doi:10.1002/ps.2780280110

Cited by 24 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…The cost of labour for weed control in no-tillage maize and soybean was lower compared to conventional tillage systems because the frequency of weeding on no-tillage plots was reduced to one weeding as against two weedings for the conventional tillage system. It has been reported that chemical weed control is a cheaper and more effective option [20], which improves crop yields and grain quality [21]. However, overuse of herbicides may have adverse effects on beneficial soil microorganisms as well as detrimental long-term effects on the environment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tillage and fertilizer effect on maize and soybean yields in the Guinea savanna zone of Ghana

et al. 2017

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Background:The most limiting factors for sustainable maize production in smallholder farming systems of subSaharan Africa, especially the savanna agro-ecological zone, are erratic rainfall pattern and low soil fertility. Methods:Research was conducted with smallholder farmers in 2013 and 2014 in two communities in the Upper West Region of Ghana to evaluate the effects of NPK mineral fertilizer (64-38-38 kg ha −1 N-P 2 O 5 -K 2 O, respectively) on growth and yield of maize at Bompari, and 375 kg ha −1 of YaraLegume ™ fertilizer (0-18-13 NPK + 3 CaO + 2 MgO + 4 S) on growth and yield of soybean at Doggoh, under no-tillage (using pre-plant application of glyphosate) and conventional tillage (using hand hoe).Results: Mean grain yields of both maize and soybean were higher in 2014 than 2013. In both years, no-tillage and conventional tillage had similar effect on soybean plant height, pods per plant and aboveground dry matter production. Averaging over fertilizer treatment, grain yield of no-tillage soybean was 51% higher when compared with tilled soybean in 2014 only. Mean grain yield of no-tillage maize was 68% higher than that of tilled maize in 2013 only. Regardless of tillage method, fertilizer application significantly increased maize and soybean grain yields. Application of fertilizer to soybean resulted in 59% (193 kg ha ) increase in grain yields in 2013 and 2014, respectively, over no fertilizer treatment. Mean grain yield of maize was 140 and 252% higher with fertilizer treatment in 2013 and 2014, respectively. No-till system showed cost savings due to reduced labour mainly for weed control. Conclusion:The results of these studies showed that no-tillage with fertilizer, whether for maize or soybean, generally resulted in the highest grain yields. No-tillage also gave the highest economic returns. Farmers can get better returns to the money invested in herbicide for producing maize and soybean under no-till than with their traditional practice even on degraded savanna soils with low levels of plant available nutrients.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tillage and fertilizer effect on maize and soybean yields in the Guinea savanna zone of Ghana

et al. 2017

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“…Terbutryn decreased the number and weight of nodules in groundnut (van Rensburg and Strijdom, 1984) and lentil (Sandhu et al, 1991). Bentazone decreased, though non-significantly, the number and weight of nodules in kidney bean (Schnelle and Hensley, 1990), soybean (Ozair and Moshier, 1988;Ozair et al, 1990) and only the number of nodules in soybean (Yueh and Hensley, 1993) and red clover (Mårtensson, 1992). Some of these reports also recorded the effects of herbicides on root or shoot growth, which were generally adversely affected.…”

Section: Effects Of Herbicidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of herbicides on nodulation and growth of two varieties of peas (Pisum sativum)

Singh

Wright

2002

Acta Agronomica Hungarica

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The effects of the pre-emergence application of terbutryn/terbuthylazine at 1.40 and 2.80 kg a.i./ha and prometryn at 1.70 and 3.40 kg a.i./ha and the post-emergence application of bentazone at 1.44 and 2.88 kg a.i./ha were studied on nodulation, root and shoot growth in two pea varieties, namely Rex and Guido. Of these the lower rates are the recommended rates for field application. Bentazone even at the recommended rate decreased nodule dry weight, whereas all three herbicides at double the recommended rate (except terbutryn/terbuthylazine in Rex) decreased the number and dry weight of nodules. Terbutryn/terbuthylazine and bentazone decreased root dry weight to a greater extent, whereas prometryn had only a slight effect. Shoot growth was adversely affected by all three herbicides in both the varieties, but prometryn and bentazone had less adverse effects in Rex than in Guido. Compared to the recommended rate, the herbicides had a greater adverse effect on nodulation at double the recommended rate.

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“…Simazine at 1.38 kg/ha markedly decreased the specific nitrogenase activity in lupins (De Felipe et al, 1987), while Kumar et al (1981) could not detect nitrogenase activity in simazine-treated (at 1.6 and 3.2 kg/ha) chickpea plants, as leghaemoglobin did not develop at all in the nodules. Bentazone is known to decrease specific nitrogenase activity in kidney bean (Bethlenfalvay et al, 1979;Schnelle and Hensley, 1990) and soybean (Ozair and Moshier, 1988;Yueh and Hensley, 1993). Lower nodulation and nitrogenase activity in herbicide-treated plants could be due to poor shoot growth (Table 3).…”

Section: Effects Of Herbicidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of weed management on weeds, and on the nodulation, nitrogenase activity, growth and yield of pea (Pisum sativum)

Singh

Wright

2006

Acta Agronomica Hungarica

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Effects of one pre-emergence herbicide (terbutryn/terbuthylazine) and one postemergence herbicide (bentazone) along with unweeded and hand-weeded controls on weeds and on the nodulation, nitrogenase activity, nitrogen content, growth and yield of pea (Pisum sativum) were studied. Terbutryn/terbuthylazine was applied pre-emergence @ 1.40, 2.80 and 5.60 kg/ha whereas bentazone was sprayed 6 weeks after sowing @ 1.44, 2.88 and 5.76 kg/h. Terbutryn/terbuthylazine controlled all the weeds very effectively, whereas bentazone did not control some weeds such as Polygonum aviculare, Poa annua and Elymus repens. The herbicides decreased the number of nodules, the dry weight of nodules, the nitrogenase activity, the shoot dry weight, the nitrogen content in the straw and seeds, and the seed yield of peas, the effects generally being higher at higher rates of application. The adverse effects of herbicides on these parameters might be due to their effects on plant growth, as both the herbicides are known to adversely affect photosynthesis. Nitrogenase activity did not correlate well with plant-N content or shoot dry weight. However, there was a strong relationship between plant biomass and plant-N content, which suggests that researchers can rely on these parameters for studying the effects of treatments on nitrogen fixation, rather than measuring nitrogenase activity.

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Effects of pesticides upon nitrogen fixation and nodulation by dry bean

Cited by 24 publications

References 9 publications

Tillage and fertilizer effect on maize and soybean yields in the Guinea savanna zone of Ghana

Tillage and fertilizer effect on maize and soybean yields in the Guinea savanna zone of Ghana

Effects of herbicides on nodulation and growth of two varieties of peas (Pisum sativum)

Effect of weed management on weeds, and on the nodulation, nitrogenase activity, growth and yield of pea (Pisum sativum)

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