Effects of Phosphoethanolamine Supplementation on Mitochondrial Activity and Lipogenesis in a Caffeine Ingestion Caenorhabditis elegans Model

Abstract

Caffeine intake is strongly linked to lipid metabolism. We previously reported the age-dependent physiological effects of caffeine intake in a Caenorhabditis elegans model. Since nutritional status can actively influence metabolism and overall health, in this study, we evaluated the effect of caffeine intake on lipid metabolism in adult-stage C. elegans. We found that, in C. elegans, fat storage and the level of phosphoethanolamine (PE) were significantly reduced with caffeine intake. In addition, mitochondrial activity decreased and mitochondrial morphology was disrupted, and the expression of oxidative stress response genes, hsp-6, gst-4, and daf-16, was induced by caffeine intake. Furthermore, the level of an energy metabolism sensor, phospho-AMP-activated protein kinase, was increased, whereas the expression of the sterol regulatory element binding protein gene and its target stearoyl-CoA desaturase genes, fat-5, -6, and -7, was decreased with caffeine intake. These findings suggest that caffeine intake causes mitochondrial dysfunction and reduces lipogenesis. Interestingly, these changes induced by caffeine intake were partially alleviated by PE supplementation, suggesting that the reduction in mitochondrial activity and lipogenesis is in part because of the low PE level, and proper dietary supplementation can improve organelle integrity.

Nicotinamide Supplementation Improves Oocyte Quality and Offspring Development by Modulating Mitochondrial Function in an Aged Caenorhabditis elegans Model

“…Western blot analysis was performed as described previously [ 28 ]. Whole animal protein extracts were obtained from 300 gravid adult hermaphrodites of each condition per gel well.…”

“…To examine the effect of maternal NAM supplementation on mitochondrial ROS, CellROX ® Green (Invitrogen, Carlsbad, CA, USA) staining was performed as previously described [ 28 ]. CellROX ® Green is a fluorogenic probe for measuring oxidative stress in live cells.…”

Targeted Downregulation of Estradiol Binding Na+/H+ Exchanger Nhx-2, Mimics Calorie Restriction, Extends Reproductive Longevity and Ameliorates Effects Associated With Alpha Synuclein Aggregation In C. Elegans

“…Mitotracker assay is an advantageous method to access mitophagy as well as mitochondrial content [32]. We employed mitotracker based mitochondrial staining to check the mitochondrial content in knock down condition of nhx-2.…”

“…Standard protocol with modi cations, have been utilized for ATP detection in C. elegans. Brie y, around 300 worms were collected from each group and proceeded for protein isolation as described above [32]. The Bradford reagent is utilized for the measurement of the concentration of protein.…”

Targeted downregulation of estradiol binding Na+/H+exchangernhx-2,mimics calorie restriction, extends reproductive longevity and ameliorates effects associated with alpha synuclein aggregation inC. elegans

“…elegans. Briefly, around 300 worms were collected from each group and proceeded for protein isolation as described above [32]. The Bradford reagent is utilized for the measurement of the concentration of protein.…”