Effects of photobiomodulation and deep water running in patients with chronic non-specific low back pain: a randomized controlled trial

Nardin, Daniele Mayumi Kurata; Stocco, Marieli Ramos; Aguiar, Andreo Fernando; Machado, Fabiana Andrade; Oliveira, Raphael Gonçalves de; Andraus, Rodrigo Antônio Carvalho

doi:10.1007/s10103-021-03443-6

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…The 13 included RCTs were conducted in high-income economies [ 36 ]: Australia (1 RCT) [ 22 ], Germany (1 RCT) [ 28 ], Japan (1 RCT) [ 24 ], Netherlands (1 RCT) [ 30 ], United Kingdom (1 RCT) [ 32 ], and the United States (1 RCT) [ 33 ]; upper-middle income economies: Brazil (3 RCTs) [ 23 , 25 , 26 ] and Turkey (1 RCT) [ 31 ]; and lower-middle income economies: India (1 RCT) [ 21 ] and Iran (2 RCTs) [ 27 , 29 ]. The mean age ranged from 37 to 74 years; two RCTs assessed older adults ( n = 252) [ 24 , 33 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The RCTs assessed aerobic exercise [ 26 , 28 ]; core strengthening exercise [ 27 ]; muscle strength training [ 23 , 29 ]; mixed exercise [ 21 , 24 , 30 , 31 , 33 ]; Pilates [ 25 ]; stretching, flexibility or mobilizing exercises [ 29 ]; yoga [ 32 ]; and motor control exercise [ 22 ]. We did not identify any low or unclear ROB trials that assessed the other exercise types: functional restoration, Tai Chi, Qigong, or hydrotherapy/aquatic exercise.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The certainty of evidence was very low for all outcomes. It is uncertain whether aerobic exercise reduces pain (scale 0 to 10, 0 = no pain) in the immediate (2 RCTs; MD = − 1.33, 95% confidence interval (CI) − 2.27 to − 0.40) (plot 1.1.1.1) [ 26 , 28 ], or short term (1 RCT; MD = − 1.26, 95% CI − 2.51 to − 0.01) (plot 1.1.1.2) [ 28 ]. It is uncertain whether aerobic exercise makes little or no difference to functional limitations (scale 0 to 100, 0 = no functional limitations) in the immediate (2 RCTs; MD = − 1.30, 95% CI − 3.89 to 1.29) (plot 1.1.2.1), [ 26 , 28 ] or short term (1 RCT; MD = 0.90, 95% CI − 5.66 to 7.46) (plot 1.1.2.2) [ 28 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is uncertain whether aerobic exercise reduces pain (scale 0 to 10, 0 = no pain) in the immediate (2 RCTs; MD = − 1.33, 95% confidence interval (CI) − 2.27 to − 0.40) (plot 1.1.1.1) [ 26 , 28 ], or short term (1 RCT; MD = − 1.26, 95% CI − 2.51 to − 0.01) (plot 1.1.1.2) [ 28 ]. It is uncertain whether aerobic exercise makes little or no difference to functional limitations (scale 0 to 100, 0 = no functional limitations) in the immediate (2 RCTs; MD = − 1.30, 95% CI − 3.89 to 1.29) (plot 1.1.2.1), [ 26 , 28 ] or short term (1 RCT; MD = 0.90, 95% CI − 5.66 to 7.46) (plot 1.1.2.2) [ 28 ]. It is uncertain whether aerobic exercise makes little or no difference to HRQoL (scale 0 to 100, 0 = poor quality of life; PCS = physical component summary; MCS = mental component summary) in the immediate and short terms (immediate: PCS: MD = 3.50, 95% CI − 0.05 to 7.05; MCS: MD = − 1.20, 95% CI − 5.22 to 2.82; plot 1.1.3.1.1 and 1.1.3.1.2; short term: PCS: MD = 3.70, 95% CI 0.05 to 7.35; MCS: MD = 2.20, 95% CI − 3.15 to 7.55; plot 1.1.3.2.1 and 1.1.3.2.2) [ 28 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The 68 RCTs included a total of 4195 participants (ranging from 14 to 313 participants per RCT). The trials were conducted in high to upper-middle income economies: Australia (3 RCTs) [ 22 , 72 , 90 ], Brazil (7 RCTs) [ 23 , 25 , 26 , 47 , 48 , 74 , 77 ], Canada (2 RCTs) [ 64 , 67 ], China (8 RCTs) [ 53 , 54 , 68 – 71 , 83 , 88 ], France (1 RCT) [ 78 ], Germany (3 RCTs) [ 28 , 49 , 50 ], Italy (1 RCT) [ 45 ], Japan (1 RCT) [ 24 ], Malaysia (1 RCT) [ 37 ], Netherlands (1 RCT) [ 29 ], South Korea (4 RCTs) [ 65 , 66 , 76 , 86 ], Thailand (1 RCT) [ 59 ], Turkey (1 RCT) [ 31 ], United Kingdom (1 RCT) [ 32 ], and the United States (2 RCTs) [ 33 , 46 ]; and low to lower-middle income economies: Egypt (2 RCTs) [ 37 , 52 ], India (5 RCTs) [ 21 , 51 , 55 , 79 , 87 ], Iran (18 RCTs) [ 27 , 29 , 40 , 42 – 44 , 56 – 58 , 62 , 63 , 72 , 75 , 81 , 81 , 83 , 84 , 89 ], Nigeria (2 RCTs) [ 59 , 91 ], and Pakistan (4 RCTs) [ 39 ...…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Systematic Review to Inform a World Health Organization (WHO) Clinical Practice Guideline: Benefits and Harms of Structured Exercise Programs for Chronic Primary Low Back Pain in Adults

Verville,

Ogilvie,

Hincapié

et al. 2023

J Occup Rehabil

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Purpose Evaluate benefits and harms of structured exercise programs for chronic primary low back pain (CPLBP) in adults to inform a World Health Organization (WHO) standard clinical guideline. Methods We searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in electronic databases (inception to 17 May 2022). Eligible RCTs targeted structured exercise programs compared to placebo/sham, usual care, or no intervention (including comparison interventions where the attributable effect of exercise could be isolated). We extracted outcomes, appraised risk of bias, conducted meta-analyses where appropriate, and assessed certainty of evidence using GRADE. Results We screened 2503 records (after initial screening through Cochrane RCT Classifier and Cochrane Crowd) and 398 full text RCTs. Thirteen RCTs rated with overall low or unclear risk of bias were synthesized. Assessing individual exercise types (predominantly very low certainty evidence), pain reduction was associated with aerobic exercise and Pilates vs. no intervention, and motor control exercise vs. sham. Improved function was associated with mixed exercise vs. usual care, and Pilates vs. no intervention. Temporary increased minor pain was associated with mixed exercise vs. no intervention, and yoga vs. usual care. Little to no difference was found for other comparisons and outcomes. When pooling exercise types, exercise vs. no intervention probably reduces pain in adults (8 RCTs, SMD = − 0.33, 95% CI − 0.58 to − 0.08) and functional limitations in adults and older adults (8 RCTs, SMD = − 0.31, 95% CI − 0.57 to − 0.05) (moderate certainty evidence). Conclusions With moderate certainty, structured exercise programs probably reduce pain and functional limitations in adults and older people with CPLBP.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Systematic Review to Inform a World Health Organization (WHO) Clinical Practice Guideline: Benefits and Harms of Structured Exercise Programs for Chronic Primary Low Back Pain in Adults

Verville,

Ogilvie,

Hincapié

et al. 2023

J Occup Rehabil

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Rehabilitation of back pain with laser associated with negative or positive pressure massage in workers: A randomized controlled trial

Chaves,

de Jesus,

de Menezes

et al. 2025

Journal of Bodywork and Movement Therapies

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Physiotherapeutic and non-conventional approaches in patients with chronic low-back pain: a level I Bayesian network meta-analysis

Baroncini,

Maffulli,

Schäfer

et al. 2024

Sci Rep

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Chronic low back pain (cLBP) is a major cause of disability and healthcare expenditure worldwide. Its prevalence is increasing globally from somatic and psychosocial factors. While non-pharmacological management, and in particular physiotherapy, has been recommended as a first-line treatment for cLBP, it is not clear what type of physiotherapeutic approach is the most effective in terms of pain reduction and function improvement. This analysis is rendered more difficult by the vast number of available therapies and a lack of a widely accepted classification that can effectively highlight the differences in the outcomes of different management options. This study was conducted according to the PRISMA guidelines. In January 2024, the following databases were accessed: PubMed, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and Embase. All the randomised controlled trials (RCTs) which compared the efficacy of physiotherapy programs in patients with cLBP were accessed. Studies reporting on non-specific or mechanical cLPB were included. Data concerning the Visual Analogic Scale (VAS) or numeric rating scale (NRS), Roland Morris Disability Questionnaire (RMQ) and Oswestry Disability Index (ODI). Data from 12,773 patients were collected. The mean symptom duration was 61.2 ± 51.0 months and the mean follow-up was 4.3 ± 5.9 months. The mean age was 44.5 ± 9.4 years. The mean BMI was 25.8 ± 2.9 kg/m2. The Adapted Physical Exercise group evidenced the lowest pain score, followed by Multidisciplinary and Adapted Training Exercise/Complementary Medicine. The Adapted Physical Exercise group evidenced the lowest RMQ score followed by Therapeutic Exercises and Multidisciplinary. The Multidisciplinary group evidenced the lowest ODI score, followed by Adapted Physical Exercise and Physical Agent modalities. Within the considered physiotherapeutic and non-conventional approaches to manage nonspecific and/or mechanic cLBP, adapted physical exercise, physical agent modalities, and a multidisciplinary approach might represent the most effective strategy to reduce pain and disability.

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Effects of photobiomodulation and deep water running in patients with chronic non-specific low back pain: a randomized controlled trial

Cited by 7 publications

References 28 publications

Systematic Review to Inform a World Health Organization (WHO) Clinical Practice Guideline: Benefits and Harms of Structured Exercise Programs for Chronic Primary Low Back Pain in Adults

Systematic Review to Inform a World Health Organization (WHO) Clinical Practice Guideline: Benefits and Harms of Structured Exercise Programs for Chronic Primary Low Back Pain in Adults

Rehabilitation of back pain with laser associated with negative or positive pressure massage in workers: A randomized controlled trial

Physiotherapeutic and non-conventional approaches in patients with chronic low-back pain: a level I Bayesian network meta-analysis

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