Effects of photobiomodulation in experimental spinal cord injury models: A systematic review

Tobelem, Daysi da Cruz; Silva, Tamiris; Araujo, Tamires; Andreo, Lucas; Horliana, Anna Carolina Ratto Tempestini; Fernandes, Kristianne Porta Santos; Bussadori, Sandra Kalil; Mesquita‐Ferrari, Raquel Agnelli

doi:10.1002/jbio.202200059

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Though there are not many relevant studies, their advantages make this method very promising. Additionally, phototherapy is also a promising strategy for the treatment of SCI [145]. The combination of hydrogels and phototherapy is more effective for treating SCI, because phototherapy could further promote hydrogels to mimic ECM and improve their therapeutic efficacy.…”

Section: Combination Therapymentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Injectable Hydrogels as Delivery Systems in Spinal Cord Injury

Ji,

Hao,

Wang

et al. 2023

Gels

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Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a severe neurological injury caused by traffic accidents, trauma, or falls, which leads to significant loss of sensory, motor, and autonomous functions and seriously affects the patient’s life quality. Although considerable progress has been made in mitigating secondary injury and promoting the regeneration/repair of SCI, the therapeutic effects need to be improved due to drug availability. Given their good biocompatibility, biodegradability, and low immunogenicity, injectable hydrogels can be used as delivery systems to achieve controlled release of drugs and other substances (cells and proteins, etc.), offering new hope for SCI repair. In this article, we summarized the types of injectable hydrogels, analyzed their application as delivery systems in SCI, and further discussed the mechanisms of hydrogels in the treatment of SCI, such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-apoptosis, and pro-neurogenesis. Moreover, we highlighted the potential benefits of hydrogels in the treatment of SCI in combination with therapies, including the recent advances and achievements of these promising tools. Our review may offer new strategies for the development of SCI treatments based on injectable hydrogels as delivery systems.

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Section: Combination Therapymentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Injectable Hydrogels as Delivery Systems in Spinal Cord Injury

Ji,

Hao,

Wang

et al. 2023

Gels

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“…A literature review conducted by our research group reported the positive effects of local PBM in experimental SCI models employing LLL either alone or in combination with stem cell therapy and the use of anti‐inflammatory drugs. Regardless of the exposure time, application site, wavelength (red or infrared) and other dosimetric parameters, irradiation in continuous or pulsed form led to a reduction in inflammatory markers and the cavity (injury) and promoted axonal growth, the recovery of motor function as well as reductions in hypersensitivity and neuropathic pain 16 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Regardless of the exposure time, application site, wavelength (red or infrared) and other dosimetric parameters, irradiation in continuous or pulsed form led to a reduction in inflammatory markers and the cavity (injury) and promoted axonal growth, the recovery of motor function as well as reductions in hypersensitivity and neuropathic pain. 16 Recent clinical trials and experimental studies have demonstrated the auxiliary capacity of PBM in a variety of neurological conditions, such as stroke, 17 traumatic brain injury, 18 neurodegenerative diseases 19 and spinal cord injuries. 20 As there are no effective, completely curative mechanisms for SCI and given the interaction between infrared radiation and biological tissues as well as the painless, noninvasive nature of the method, light therapy could become an important component in the treatment of this clinical condition.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Systemic vascular photobiomodulation accelerates the recovery of motor activity in rats following spinal cord injury

et al. 2023

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Objectives: Spinal cord injury (SCI) causes the discontinuity of the spinal canal, leading to functional and sensorial losses in areas below the injury, which are often irreversible. Photobiomodulation (PBM) can enhance the neuromuscular repair process, especially in cases of peripheral nerve injuries. However, there is little knowledge regarding the effects of this therapeutic modality on recovery following a SCI, especially the noninvasive systemic form denominated vascular PBM (VPBM). To analyze the effects of VPBM in the immediate, acute and intermediate phases following a compression-induced SCI on morphological aspects of neuromuscular tissue repair, functional recovery and the protein expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). Methods: Wistar rats were divided into five groups: control, SCI, SCI + VPBM-Im (immediate administration of VPBM), SCI + VPBM-2h (VPBM administered 2 h after injury) and SCI + VPBM-14d (VPBM administered 14 days after injury). VPBM was administered in the region of the caudal vein/artery with low-level laser (AsGaAl, 780 nm, 80 J/cm², 40 mW for 80 s, totaling an energy of 3.2 J over a single point) for 14 consecutive days. During the analysis periods (1, 3, 7, 14, 21, 28 and 35 days after injury), functioning was evaluated using the Basso-Beattie-Bresnahan (BBB) index. At the end of each experimental period, blood samples were collected for the determination of the concentration of circulating BDNF using ELISA. Muscle tissue and nerve tissue samples were also extracted for morphological and histological analyses using H&E staining. Results: SCI + VPBM-Im and SCI + VPBM-2 h led to the recovery of motor function beginning on the 7th day after injury (p < 0.05), an increase in the crosssectional area (CSA) of the muscle fibers in the second week (p < 0.05) and an increase in muscle fiber diameter beginning on Day 14 (p < 0.05). Early irradiation had a greater effect on the reduction in the size of the cavity, with stabilization of the cavity found on Day 7 (p < 0.05). Considering the circulating BDNF levels, no changes was found during the experimental periods. Conclusion:The present results showed that VPBM was capable of modulating morphological and functional recovery following SCI, especially when administered early. The positive effects on functional recovery were demonstrated by the BBB index; the reestablishment of the structure of the muscle and nerve tissue was demonstrated by the preservation of CSA and diameter of muscle fiber and reduction in the area of the injury (cavity size) respectively. Thus, noninvasive VPBM may be an important component of treatment for spinal cord injuries.

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“…Meanwhile, LLLT is an effective strategy for promoting neural plasticity and functional recovery in a rat model of SCI. 11 However, few studies have been conducted to determine whether PBMT could be used in the process of inducing NSCs-like neurospheres. Herein, the main purpose of our experiment was to investigate the effects of PBMT on the neural differentiation of DPSCs and the underling mechanism.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Andreo et al 10 showed LLLT increased axonal growth, migration and proliferation of Schwann cell. Meanwhile, LLLT is an effective strategy for promoting neural plasticity and functional recovery in a rat model of SCI 11 . However, few studies have been conducted to determine whether PBMT could be used in the process of inducing NSCs‐like neurospheres.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photobiomodulation therapy enhances neural differentiation of dental pulp stem cells via ERK1/2 signaling pathway

Zhang,

Li,

Tang

et al. 2023

Photochem & Photobiology

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Photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) is the application of a low‐level laser device to generate physiological changes and provide therapeutic effects. Till now, the effects of PBMT on the neural differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells have been rarely reported. Herein, the potential effect and mechanism of PBMT on the neural differentiation of dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) were preliminarily investigated in our research. The optimal dose of 3.75 J/cm2 was first screened for use in the following neural‐inducing studies. Then, DPSCs were cultured in neural induction medium and treated with laser irradiation for 7 days. From the results of morphology and immunofluorescence, we found that irradiation promoted the formation of neural stem cell‐like spheroids derived from DPSCs and enhanced potential neural differentiation. Furthermore, neural differentiation gene expressions of Nestin, microtubule‐associated protein‐2, and neural cell adhesion molecule were increased after PBMT irradiation. The protein expressions of class III β‐tubulin and neurogenic differentiation factor 1 were also improved. Meanwhile, the involvement of extracellular signal‐regulated kinase (ERK1/2) was investigated by western blot. Our study showed that the neural differentiation of DPSCs was promoted by PBMT, and the underlying mechanism in this process was associated with activating the ERK1/2 signaling pathway.

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Effects of photobiomodulation in experimental spinal cord injury models: A systematic review

Cited by 9 publications

References 46 publications

Application of Injectable Hydrogels as Delivery Systems in Spinal Cord Injury

Application of Injectable Hydrogels as Delivery Systems in Spinal Cord Injury

Systemic vascular photobiomodulation accelerates the recovery of motor activity in rats following spinal cord injury

Photobiomodulation therapy enhances neural differentiation of dental pulp stem cells via ERK1/2 signaling pathway

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