Effects of phthalic acid esters on drug metabolizing enzymes of rat liver

Gollamudi, Ramachander; Lawrence, W. H.; Rao, R. Hanumantha; Autian, John

doi:10.1002/jat.2550050606

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Although there have been no observations of clinical problems attributable to the use of those compounds, there is experimental evidence of subtle toxicity [10], [26]. The cytotoxicity test using the method of cell culture is considered to be a preliminary test to evaluate the biocompatibility of a material.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The addition of phthalates is aimed at increasing flexibility, extensibility and to enhance working properties [6]–[9]. Although low or no toxicity related to these compounds has been reported, they possess phthalates, potentially toxic compounds which may promote undesirable biological effects [10] such as reducing male fertility [11], functioning as xenoestrogens [12]–[13] inducing hormonal tumors, and causing fetal malformations [14]–[15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Histopathological Changes by the Use of Soft Reline Materials: A Rat Model Study

et al. 2014

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AimTo assess the histopathological changes of rat palatal mucosa exposed to soft reline materials.MethodsForty-five adult female Wistar rats with controlled living conditions and fed ad libitum were employed. Palatal appliances of heat-polymerized acrylic resin Lucitone 550 were manufactured and worn by forty animals during 14 days. Five animals did not use the appliances (G1) and were used to control the appliance influence. One experimental group (n = 10) used the appliances without any relining material (G2) to control the material effect. Three experimental groups (n = 10) received the following soft reline materials below appliances: Dentusoft (G3), Dentuflex (G4), and Trusoft (G5). Appliances from half of each experimental group(n = 5) was immersed in water bath at 55°C for 10 min before use. Animals were slaughtered and the palates were fixed in 10% buffered formalin. Hematoxylin and eosin stained sections of 5 µm were analyzed by computerized planimetry. Cellular compartment, keratin and total epithelial thickness, and basement membrane length were measured to histopathological description.Analysis of variance and Tukey post-hoc test were used to data examination(α = 0.05).ResultsFor heat-treatment groups, G4 showed less elongated ridges at the basal layer interface (p = 0.037) than G2. When comparing the conditions with and without heat-treatment, only G2 showed a significant decrease in the cellular compartment, keratin layer and total epithelium thickness (p<0.05).ConclusionThe post-polymerization for Lucitone 550 was an effective method to reduce the changes in the rat palatal mucosa. The soft reline materials tested did not cause significant histopathological changes in the rat palatal mucosa.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Histopathological Changes by the Use of Soft Reline Materials: A Rat Model Study

et al. 2014

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“…Chronically administered, DEHP and MEHP have multiple effects on the liver, testis, kidney, lung and heart at much lower doses. In the liver, enzyme systems involving oxygen radical metabolism are stimulated (8)(9)(10), and the phase I and II enzymes for the biotransformation of xenobiotics are altered (11)(12)(13)(14). Among the morphological changes, there is a strong peroxisome proliferation that is especially evident in rats but also occurs in humans (6).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extraction of the Plasticizers Diethylhexylphthalate and Polyadipate From Polyvinylchloride Nasogastric Tubes Through Gastric Juice and Feeding Solution

Subotic

Hannmann

Kiss

et al. 2007

J. pediatr. gastroenterol. nutr.

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“…Chronically administered, DEHP and MEHP develop multiple effects on liver, kidney, lung, heart and testis at much lower doses. In the liver, enzyme systems of the oxygen radical metabolization are stimulated (10)(11)(12) and the phase I and II enzymes of biotransformation of xenobiotics (13)(14)(15)(16) are altered. Among the morphologic changes is a strong peroxisome proliferation especially in rats but in humans as well (8).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extraction of Di‐ethylhexyl‐phthalate from Perfusion Lines of Various Material, Length and Brand by Lipid Emulsions

Loff,

Subotic,

Reinicke

et al. 2004

J. pediatr. gastroenterol. nutr.

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Background:The plasticizer di‐ethylhexyl‐phthalate (DEHP) is extracted especially by lipid emulsions from polyvinylchloride infusion systems. The aim of this study was to systematically examine the extraction from perfusion lines commonly used in our hospital for lipid emulsion infusions.Methods:Perfusion lines made from polyvinylchloride of various lengths and brands, polyethylene, polyvinylchloride/polyethylene (PVC/PE) and polyvinylchloride/polyurethane (PVC/PU), were perfused with lipid emulsions according to the circumstances of newborns on an intensive care unit, i.e. high temperature, 24‐hour duration and low quantities. Concentration of di‐ethylhexyl‐phthalate was determined with gas chromatograph mass spectrometry.Results:The lipid emulsions before perfusion had a contamination with DEHP of 0.82 μg/ml. Pure PVC lines of 1.5 m length leached between 74 μg/ml and 107 μg/ml. Sterilization of the lines did not influence DEHP extraction. After perfusion of DEHP‐free PVC lines and PVC‐free lines, the emulsions had a contamination with DEHP of 0.23 μg/ml and 0.11 μg/ml, respectively. PVC/PU co‐extruded lines leached 73 μg/ml. PVC/PE lines leached 41.6 μg/ml.Conclusions:Lipid emulsions contain a production‐inherent load of DEHP. Perfusion through PVC‐perfusion lines extracts a varying large amount of DEHP depending on length and brand of the perfusion lines. Co‐extruded PVC/PU and PVC/PE lines, intended to avoid DEHP contamination, leach a similar amount of DEHP and thus do not avoid the DEHP toxicity issue. The load accumulated by a baby on an intensive care unit easily reaches several milligrams of DEHP per day. As its effect upon biologic systems has been proven, and alternatives (PE or PU perfusion lines) are available, PVC and PVC co‐extruded perfusion lines should be abandoned for infusions, especially in babies.

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Effects of phthalic acid esters on drug metabolizing enzymes of rat liver

Cited by 9 publications

References 24 publications

Histopathological Changes by the Use of Soft Reline Materials: A Rat Model Study

Histopathological Changes by the Use of Soft Reline Materials: A Rat Model Study

Extraction of the Plasticizers Diethylhexylphthalate and Polyadipate From Polyvinylchloride Nasogastric Tubes Through Gastric Juice and Feeding Solution

Extraction of Di‐ethylhexyl‐phthalate from Perfusion Lines of Various Material, Length and Brand by Lipid Emulsions

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