Effects of Physical Characteristics and Dietary Habits on Bone Mineral Density in Adolescent Girls.

Tsukahara, Noriko; Sato, Kazuto; Ezawa, Ikuko

doi:10.3177/jnsv.43.643

Cited by 13 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…In contrast, a number of studies have examined the diets of Sumo wrestlers (Nishizawa et al, 1976;Yamada et al, 1991;Tsukahara et al, 1999). However, the estimated daily energy intake for Sumo wrestlers varies in the literature: 3098-4561 kcal/day (Yamada et al, 1991), 3939 kcal/day (Tsukahara et al, 1999), and 5122-5586 kcal/day (Nishizawa et al, 1976).…”

Section: Comparison With Previous Studies Of Sumo Wrestlersmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Body composition and resting metabolic rate of Japanese college Sumo wrestlers and non-athlete students: are Sumo wrestlers obese?

Yamauchi

Abe

Midorikawa

et al. 2004

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The body mass index [BMI = body weight/height 2 (kg/m2 )] is widely used as an indicator of obesity. However, BMI is not the best way to assess obesity, because obesity is an excess of body fat, not body weight. The difference between obesity assessments based on BMI and those based on the percentage of body fat (%Fat) causes problems in evaluating extraordinarily large people, such as Sumo wrestlers, who have both a large fat mass and a large muscle mass. We assessed obesity in male college Sumo wrestlers (n = 15) and non-athlete students (n = 20) using BMI and %Fat as reference indices. Anthropometric parameters and resting metabolic rate (in the sitting position) were measured. The mean body weight, BMI, and %Fat for Sumo wrestlers were 125.1 kg, 40.0, and 25.6%, respectively, which were extraordinarily high, as compared to non-athlete students (P < 0.01). All of the Sumo wrestlers were categorized as obese using the BMI criteria proposed by the World Health Organization: eight were 'severely obese' (35 £ BMI < 40) and seven were 'very severely obese' (BMI ³ 40). However, only 40% of the wrestlers (n = 6) were categorized as obese when %Fat was used as the reference (%Fat > 25%). Furthermore, the body composition chart clearly showed that some Sumo wrestlers were no more adipose than the non-athlete students. Due to their remarkable muscle development, Sumo wrestlers have an excessive fat-free mass. Thus we conclude that it is necessary to consider both BMI and %Fat to assess obesity in excessively muscular people, such as Sumo wrestlers. Furthermore, we propose new criteria and methods for documenting obesity in Sumo wrestlers based on energy metabolism that considers physical activity and dietary intake.

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Section: Comparison With Previous Studies Of Sumo Wrestlersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the estimated daily energy intake for Sumo wrestlers varies in the literature: 3098-4561 kcal/day (Yamada et al, 1991), 3939 kcal/day (Tsukahara et al, 1999), and 5122-5586 kcal/day (Nishizawa et al, 1976). FAO/WHO/UNU (1985) suggested that energy needs are determined by energy expenditure.…”

Section: Comparison With Previous Studies Of Sumo Wrestlersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Body composition and resting metabolic rate of Japanese college Sumo wrestlers and non-athlete students: are Sumo wrestlers obese?

Yamauchi

Abe

Midorikawa

et al. 2004

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Most previous studies of BMD in juveniles included only girls and did not include elementary school children [13]. This study reports general population-based data on forearm BMD in Japanese juveniles.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To investigate the relationship between secondary sexual characteristics and BMD, participants were divided into two groups, as follows: boys were divided into ''before'' or ''after'' groups based on change in voice; girls were divided into ''before'' or ''after'' groups based on menarche. We used data from boys aged 12-14 years and girls aged [11][12][13] years to analyze the correlation between secondary sexual characteristics and BMD. The participants were divided into four groups according to their grade of school, i.e., lower elementary, higher elementary, junior high, and senior high student, to analyze milk consumption and total calorie and nutrient intake.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, the examination methods used to assess the relationship between daily diet and BMD have been simple. In most of the previous studies conducted in Japanese populations, a 3-day dietary record or simple questionnaire has been used for dietary assessment, and it was difficult to examine the correlation between BMD and detailed nutrient factors [12,13]. Therefore, in this study, we used the brief self-administered diet history questionnaire for 10-year olds (BDHQ10y), a semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire that asked the dietary habits of the previous month [14,15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Association between lifestyle habits and bone mineral density in Japanese juveniles

Nakagi

Ito

Hirooka

et al. 2010

Environ Health Prev Med

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Objectives We explored the relationship between bone mineral density (BMD) and lifestyle in juveniles to identify factors leading to higher peak bone mass and prevention of osteoporosis in later life. Methods Juveniles (1,364 students: 770 boys and 594 girls, aged 6-18 years) attending school in Hokkaido prefecture, Japan, were asked to complete a brief selfadministered diet history questionnaire for 10-year-olds (BDHQ10y) providing information about personal history, lifestyle, and intake of nutritional elements. In addition, BMD and grip strength were measured. We analyzed the relationship between BMD and lifestyle factors. Results The difference in BMD for boys was larger among the junior and senior high school groups. The difference in BMD for girls was larger among older elementary and later school children. Anthropometric variables and grip strength were strongly correlated with BMD. Having a nap-time routine was significantly correlated with BMD, but sleep time and sports club activities were not. BMD among juveniles who attained secondary sexual characteristics was significantly higher than that of juveniles of the same age who had not attained these characteristics. Calcium intake was significantly lower in senior high school students compared with other grades. Consumption of milk by senior high school boys and junior high school girls was weakly correlated with BMD. Conclusions Our findings encourage educational interventions to counsel students to avoid weight loss and calcium deficiency. This effective intervention should begin before the higher elementary school, when juveniles have the greatest likelihood for preventing lower peak bone mass and osteoporosis.

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Bone histology of prehistoric inhabitants of the Canary Islands: Comparison between El Hierro and Gran Canaria

Velasco‐Vázquez

González‐Reimers

Rosa

et al. 1999

Am. J. Phys. Anthropol.

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The trabecular bone mass (TBM) of the proximal epiphyses of right tibiae belonging to 273 prehispanic inhabitants of Gran Canaria (60. 81% males and 35.53% females) were assessed by histomorphometrical analysis of undecalcified samples and compared with that of 41 samples from El Hierro (52.63% males and 47.37% females). Among the prehispanic population of Gran Canaria 19.05% showed TBM values below 13.5% and 30.40% below 15%, although individual variability was high (range 6.71-35.4%). In sharp contrast with these results, only one case (2.44%) from El Hierro showed a TBM value below 15%, whereas mean TBM (23.50;+/- 5.60%) was significantly higher than that of the population of Gran Canaria (17.88 +/- 5.20%). The high prevalence of osteoporosis on Gran Canaria may reflect protein-calorie malnutrition. Prehistorically Gran Canaria exhibited a relatively high population density (30-40/km(2)) and a strong reliance on agriculture, in contrast with a lower population density (4/km(2)) on the island El Hierro, where the population consumed mainly marine products.

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Effects of Physical Characteristics and Dietary Habits on Bone Mineral Density in Adolescent Girls.

Cited by 13 publications

References 10 publications

Body composition and resting metabolic rate of Japanese college Sumo wrestlers and non-athlete students: are Sumo wrestlers obese?

Body composition and resting metabolic rate of Japanese college Sumo wrestlers and non-athlete students: are Sumo wrestlers obese?

Association between lifestyle habits and bone mineral density in Japanese juveniles

Bone histology of prehistoric inhabitants of the Canary Islands: Comparison between El Hierro and Gran Canaria

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