Effects of physical crust on soil detachment by overland flow in the Loess Plateau region of China

Liu, Jia‐Xin; Chen, Liding; Wang, Bing; Xiao-yu, Peng

doi:10.1016/j.iswcr.2023.05.006

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Notably, the rill erodibility for the fallow after tillage in August is still 89.5% of that of fresh tilled soil and 1.62 times higher than that of continuous-fallow soil. This differs from the hydraulic flume experiments of Liu et al (2024) [44], who reported that the rill erodibility for silt loam loess soil with 12.7% clay and 55.3% silt could decrease by more than 80% after approximately 100 days since the tillage disturbance. The slow decrease rate of rill erodibility due to the natural dry-wet alternation process might reflect the abovementioned swelling effect of the local soil, which leads to a relatively low MWD, bulk density and shear strength in August.…”

Section: Tillage Effect On Soil Erosion Resistance Under Dry-wet Alte...contrasting

confidence: 96%

“…Along with the changing soil properties, the detachment rate and rill erodibility for the fallow-after-tillage treatment also decreased from May to October. This is consistent with previous studies showing that the erodibility of tilled soil is reduced due to consolidation and crust effects during the wet season [22,44]. Notably, the rill erodibility for the fallow after tillage in August is still 89.5% of that of fresh tilled soil and 1.62 times higher than that of continuous-fallow soil.…”

Section: Tillage Effect On Soil Erosion Resistance Under Dry-wet Alte...supporting

confidence: 92%

“…When tilled soil is exposed to natural rainfall, the raindrop impact effect and soil particle weight lead to the consolidation of loose surface material, the reshaping of soil aggregates and the formation of soil crust [22,44]. This could explain the increasing trend in the MWD, bulk density, and shear strength from May to October of the tilled soil with fallow (Table 2).…”

Section: Tillage Effect On Soil Erosion Resistance Under Dry-wet Alte...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Temporal Variation in Soil Resistance to Rill Erosion in Cropland of the Dry—Hot Valley Region, Southwest China

Wang,

Qin,

Kong

et al. 2024

Land

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In croplands, soil erosion resistance varies with both natural processes and human disturbances. To clarify the temporal variation in soil erosion resistance, nine cropland plots with three treatments (continuous fallow, fallow after tillage and tillage with corn) were established in the dry–hot valley region of China. A total of 144 field runoff simulation experiments were conducted from May to October to measure the soil detachment rate (Dc), rill erodibility (Kr) and critical shear stress (τc). The results revealed that the natural dry—wet alternation had little influence on the continuous-fallowed soil erosion resistance. On the other hand, the tillage disturbance that occurred in May sharply increased the Dc and Kr to 2.24 and 3 times that of the continuous-fallow treatment, respectively. Then, the erosion resistance could be enhanced with surface consolidation for the fallow-after-tillage treatment. However, after three months of fallow, the Kr was still 89.5% of the fresh tilled soil. In contrast, crop growth could significantly improve aggregate stability and reduce the Kr to 38.2% in August and even further to 23.7% in October compared to the fresh tilled soil. It could be concluded that crop growth is more efficient in enhancing erosion resistance than the mechanical effect. The above results would benefit from the accurate modeling of cropland soil erosion dynamics and guide agricultural management in dry–hot climate regions.

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Section: Tillage Effect On Soil Erosion Resistance Under Dry-wet Alte...contrasting

confidence: 96%

Section: Tillage Effect On Soil Erosion Resistance Under Dry-wet Alte...supporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Tillage Effect On Soil Erosion Resistance Under Dry-wet Alte...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Temporal Variation in Soil Resistance to Rill Erosion in Cropland of the Dry—Hot Valley Region, Southwest China

Wang,

Qin,

Kong

et al. 2024

Land

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“…A low soil CEC, particularly below the breakpoint of ∼40 cmol/kg, can lead to a much higher Cd immobilization with biochar amendments in paddy soils (Figure g). This may be explained by significantly enhanced soil CEC by biochar when soil CEC is comparably low (e.g., <40 cmol/kg), thus benefiting Cd immobilization in soils . Nevertheless, the efficiency of biochar in enhancing soil CEC becomes marginal when the original soil CEC is already high (e.g., >85 cmol/kg), and, on the contrary, excess soil CEC may also induce corelease of Cd 2+ from soil particles. , Additionally, SHAP analysis suggests that biochar has negligible or even negative effects on Cd immobilization in soils with a low SOC (e.g., <2%), in line with that for CH 4 mitigation (Figures h and S4c).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multitask Deep Learning Enabling a Synergy for Cadmium and Methane Mitigation with Biochar Amendments in Paddy Soils

Yin,

Zhang,

et al. 2023

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Biochar has demonstrated significant promise in addressing heavy metal contamination and methane (CH 4 ) emissions in paddy soils; however, achieving a synergy between these two goals is challenging due to various variables, including the characteristics of biochar and soil properties that influence biochar's performance. Here, we successfully developed an interpretable multitask deep learning (MTDL) model by employing a tensor tracking paradigm to facilitate parameter sharing between two separate data sets, enabling a synergy between Cd and CH 4 mitigation with biochar amendments. The characteristics of biochar contribute similar weightings of 67.9% and 62.5% to Cd and CH 4 mitigation, respectively, but their relative importance in determining biochar's performance varies significantly. Notably, this MTDL model excels in custom-tailoring biochar to synergistically mitigate Cd and CH 4 in paddy soils across a wide geographic range, surpassing traditional machine learning models. Our findings deepen our understanding of the interactive effects of Cd and CH 4 mitigation with biochar amendments in paddy soils, and they also potentially extend the application of artificial intelligence in sustainable environmental remediation, especially when dealing with multiple objectives.

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“…Numerous studies have explored the environmental controls of sap flux and found the main controlling factors include meteorological variables (e.g., incoming short-wave radiation, Rsi, vapour pressure deficit, VPD, air temperature, Ta, among others) (Chen et al, 2011;Chu et al, 2009;Xu et al, 2011), soil water conditions (soil water content and potential) (Ewers et al, 2008;Horna et al, 2011;Zeppel et al, 2008), and tree phenological development (e.g., leaf area index) (Liu et al, 2012;Tie et al, 2017;Xu et al, 2011), but the responses of sap flux to these factors also vary with species (Small & McConnell, 2008), climatic conditions (Chen et al, 2014;Liu et al, 2012), and geographic locations (Du et al, 2011;Poyatos et al, 2021). The variation of sap flux on diurnal timescale is generally a unimodal curve following incoming short-wave radiation (Fiora & Cescatti, 2006;Liu et al, 2017). More generally, such pattern is usually found among anisohydric species which is suggested to have a risky water use strategy by keeping stomata open even under severe water stress (Burkhardt & Pariyar, 2016;Kannenberg et al, 2022;Ulrich & Grossiord, 2023;Yi et al, 2017); but for the isohydric species, water stress usually induces stomatal closure, and a decline in sap flux often emerges around the noontime because of the leaf water stress (Attia et al, 2015;Nathália da Silva et al, 2016;Nolan et al, 2017;Wang et al, 2021).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling of sap flux density of oak in a humid region in China

Liu,

Chen,

Cheng

et al. 2024

Ecohydrology

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Transpiration plays a vital role in determining the watershed water cycle. However, we still have little knowledge of the characteristics of tree transpiration in the Hanjiang River Basin, which is the water source for the middle route of South‐to‐North water diversion project. Here, we measured sap flux density of oak trees (Quercus, the dominant species here) at the 10‐min resolution for 2 years and explored its response to the environmental conditions. The incoming short‐wave radiation and vapour pressure deficit well explained the variation of daytime sap flux density, and a statistical model was then proposed to calculate the daytime sap flux density correspondingly; then a nighttime sap flux density module was proposed based on the daytime sap flux density calculation. Sap flux density showed clear counter‐clockwise hysteresis response to incoming short‐wave radiation, and clockwise hysteresis response to vapour pressure deficit. Our sap flux density model can well reproduce the corresponding hysteresis response to incoming short‐wave radiation and vapour pressure deficit. This study unravelled the environmental controls of sap flux density of the oak trees in the Hanjiang River Basin, proposed an efficient model for the sap flux density simulation, provided important knowledge for understanding the corresponding forests' water use, which is of critical significance in determining the water availability for the middle route of the South‐to‐North water diversion project.

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Effects of physical crust on soil detachment by overland flow in the Loess Plateau region of China

Cited by 6 publications

References 46 publications

Temporal Variation in Soil Resistance to Rill Erosion in Cropland of the Dry—Hot Valley Region, Southwest China

Temporal Variation in Soil Resistance to Rill Erosion in Cropland of the Dry—Hot Valley Region, Southwest China

Multitask Deep Learning Enabling a Synergy for Cadmium and Methane Mitigation with Biochar Amendments in Paddy Soils

Modelling of sap flux density of oak in a humid region in China

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