Effects of physical exercise on cognitive functioning in the elderly

Sickle, Timothy D. Van; Hersen, Michel; Simco, Edward R.; Melton, Michael A.; Hasselt, Vincent B. Van

doi:10.1007/bf02213444

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 105 publications

(131 reference statements)

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“…Van Sickle et al . (1996) conducted a meta‐analysis of 18 previously published studies that examined the effects of exercise on cognitive functioning in elderly people.…”

Section: The Effect Of Exercise On Mental Health and Psychological Fumentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When the researchers excluded these studies from the meta‐analysis, the percentage of studies showing significant effects rose from 34% to 47%. Elderly adults often show poorer cognitive function when compared with younger adults, especially when their performance is measured on IQ tests (Van Sickle et al . 1996).…”

Section: The Effect Of Exercise On Mental Health and Psychological Fumentioning

confidence: 99%

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Exercise: a neglected intervention in mental health care?

Callaghan

2004

Psychiatric Ment Health Nurs

312

208

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This paper reports the results of a literature review examining the effects of exercise on mental health and well-being. Throughout history many societies, ancient and modern, have used exercise as a means of preventing disease, and promoting health and well-being. There is evidence that exercise is beneficial for mental health; it reduces anxiety, depression, and negative mood, and improves self-esteem and cognitive functioning. Exercise is also associated with improvements in the quality of life of those living with schizophrenia. However, exercise is seldom recognized by mainstream mental health services as an effective intervention in the care and treatment of mental health problems. There is evidence to suggest that exercise may be a neglected intervention in mental health care.

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“…Van Sickle et al . (1996) conducted a meta‐analysis of 18 previously published studies that examined the effects of exercise on cognitive functioning in elderly people.…”

Section: The Effect Of Exercise On Mental Health and Psychological Fumentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Effect Of Exercise On Mental Health and Psychological Fumentioning

confidence: 99%

Exercise: a neglected intervention in mental health care?

Callaghan

2004

Psychiatric Ment Health Nurs

312

208

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“…Exercise of at least 20 minutes, duration, three times per week improves the functioning of the cardiovascular, respiratory, endocrine and nervous systems, as well as reducing the risk of cardiovascular disease, total mortality, and some malignancies, such as colon cancer (Pate et al, 1995). In addition, exercise may improve psychological health (Weyerer & Kupfer, 1994) and cognitive functioning (Van Sickle, Hersen, Simco, Melton, & Van Hasselt, 1996). However, few people exercise at levels reported to offset health problems, or signi cantly improve health status (Booth et al, 1993;UK Health Education Authority and UK Sports Council, 1992;US Department of Health and Human Services, 2000).…”

Section: The Effect Of Exercise On Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Applying the Transtheoretical Model of Change to exercise in young Chinese people

Callaghan

Eves

Norman

et al. 2002

British J Health Psychol

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OBJECTIVES: The objective of the present study was to test the application of the Transtheoretical Model of Change (TTM) in relation to exercise behaviour of 298 Hong Kong Chinese undergraduates. DESIGN AND METHODS: A cross-sectional design was used. Respondents completed measures of stages of change, self-efficacy, processes of change, decisional balance, exercise and demographic data. RESULTS: Significant effects for stage of change were found for self-efficacy, pros, exercise and nine of the 10 processes of change. In general, scores on these variables were found to increase across the stages although post hoc tests revealed slightly different patterns of significant differences. Cons were not found to differ significantly across stages of change. The relationship between self-efficacy and processes of change was dependent on stage of change. CONCLUSIONS: The results support some of the assumptions of the TTM but raise questions about the predicted relationships between stages of change and processes of change and between self-efficacy and processes of change at each stage of change. The practical implications of the findings for the development of interventions to improve young people's exercise levels are discussed.

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“…In this respect, a number of meta-analyses and systematic reviews reported beneficial effects of physical activity and exercise on cognition in cognitively healthy older adults [11][12][13] and adults with cognitive impairments and dementia. 14,15 Others failed to observe effects of physical activity interventions on cognition in people with dementia.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This review differs from previous publications with respect to several issues, as previous publications included either cognitively healthy subjects [11][12][13]21 or subjects with cognitive decline or dementia 14,15,17 ; included all intervention studies irrespective of study design 12,13,15,16 ; did not perform a standardized quality assessment 11,13,15,16 ; included exercise programs with an aerobic exercise component only 11,21 ; applied a very broad definition of exercise also including recreational therapy 14,17 ; or focused on the potential mediating effect of cardiovascular risk factors.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of Exercise on Cognition in Older Adults With and Without Cognitive Decline: A Systematic Review

Uffelen¹,

Paw²,

Hopman-Rock³

et al. 2008

Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine

248

187

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Study selection: papers were included on the basis of predefined inclusion criteria.Data extraction: data on study population, exercise intervention and effectiveness were extracted. Two independent reviewers assessed methodological quality.Data synthesis: 23 studies were included; 15 among cognitively healthy subjects and eight among subjects with cognitive decline. Seven studies were qualified as high quality studies, two in cognitively healthy subjects and five in subjects with cognitive decline. In cognitively healthy subjects, significant beneficial intervention effects were observed in five studies on information processing, executive function, or memory. Interventions in these studies included aerobic exercise only (n=2), strength exercise (n=1), strength and balance exercise (n=1), or all-round exercise including aerobic, strength, balance and flexibility training (n=1). In subjects with cognitive decline, five studies observed beneficial effects on general cognition, executive functions and memory. Interventions included aerobic (n=3) or strength exercise combined with flexibility or balance exercise (n=2). Conclusions:Beneficial effects of various exercise programs on aspects of cognition have been observed in studies among subjects with and without cognitive decline. The majority of the studies, however, did not find any effect. The small number of included studies, lack of high quality studies, and the large variability in study-populations, exercise protocols and outcome measures complicate interpretation of the results. More high quality trials are needed to assess the effects of different types of exercise on cognitive function in older adults with and without cognitive decline.3 BACKGROUND

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Effects of physical exercise on cognitive functioning in the elderly

Cited by 7 publications

References 105 publications

Exercise: a neglected intervention in mental health care?

Exercise: a neglected intervention in mental health care?

Applying the Transtheoretical Model of Change to exercise in young Chinese people

The Effects of Exercise on Cognition in Older Adults With and Without Cognitive Decline: A Systematic Review

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