Effects of physiological state and body fatness on digestive-tract weight and composition in the dairy cow

Doreau, M.; Robelin, J.; Lestrade, Anne

doi:10.1016/0301-6226(85)90136-8

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…As indicated earlier, an increase in BCS was associated with an increase in BW. However, as a percentage of fat-free BW, digestive tract capacity of O cows does not differ from T cows (Doreau et al, 1985). This suggests that differences in DMI due to BCS are probably not related to gut fill and reflect the ratio of body mass to digestive tract capacity.…”

Section: Data Inmentioning

confidence: 85%

Animal and Dietary Factors Affecting Feed Intake During the Prefresh Transition Period in Holsteins

Hayırlı

Grummer

Nordheim

et al. 2002

Journal of Dairy Science

287

215

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Parity, body condition score (BCS), and dry matter intake (DMI) data of 699 Holsteins fed 49 different diets during the final 3 wk of gestation (prefresh transition period) were compiled from 16 experiments conducted at eight universities. The objectives of this study were to determine the effects of animal and dietary factors on DMI and to elucidate interactions between animal and dietary factors and among dietary factors on DMI during the prefresh transition period. Animal factors examined were parity and BCS, whereas dietary factors examined were rumen undegradable protein (RUP), rumen degradable protein (RDP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), and ether extract (EE). DMI decreased 32% during the final 3 wk of gestation, and 89% of that decline occurred during the final week of gestation. Day of gestation, animal factors, and dietary factors accounted for 56.1, 19.7, and 24.2% of explained variation in DMI, respectively, and R2 of this linear multivariable model was 0.18. Cows had higher DMI than heifers. DMI decreased linearly as BCS, RUP, and NDF increased, decreased quadratically as EE increased, and increased quadratically as RDP increased. Moreover, the magnitude of DMI depression as animals approached parturition was affected by characteristics of animals and dietary nutrient composition. There were significant parity x EE, BCS x NDF, RUP x NDF, RDP x NDF, NDF x EE, and RUP x EE interactions on DMI. In conclusion, parity, BCS, and concentrations of organic macronutrients in diets affected DMI during the prefresh transition period, and the magnitude of DMI depression as animals approached parturition.

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Section: Data Inmentioning

confidence: 85%

Animal and Dietary Factors Affecting Feed Intake During the Prefresh Transition Period in Holsteins

Hayırlı

Grummer

Nordheim

et al. 2002

Journal of Dairy Science

287

215

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“…Nevertheless, there is contradictory evidence on the modifications of digestive tissue (Jenkins et al, 1986). No similar variations were noted in Holstein-Friesian (Doreau et al, 1985) or in Holstein, Limousin, and Charolais (Robelin et al, 1990) cows. It may, therefore, be possible that the relatively small changes in intake were insufficient t o modify splanchnic tissue weights and proportions in the animals used in the present study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Maintenance requirements in metabolizable energy of adult, nonpregnant, nonlactating Charolais cows1

Ortigues

Petit

Agabriel

et al. 1993

Journal of Animal Science

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ABSTRACT:The objective of this study was to determine the maintenance requirements in metabolizable energy (ME m) of adult, nonlactating, nonpregnant Charolais cows. A feeding trial was conducted using 12 cows fed at one of two feeding levels (75 for 116 d. Body composition was estimated from subcutaneous adipocyte diameter. Body weight changes averaged -468 and +46 g/d, respectively. Diet DM digestibility averaged .496. The L cows spent less time eating and ruminating but had other behavioral characteristics similar to those of H cows. Estimates of MEm were calculated from BW or body composition changes and amounted to 109 and 124 kcal of ME.kg BW-.75.d-1, respectively. Heat production ( H P ) was then measured over 67 d in a second trial on two L and two H cows from the feeding trial and planes of feeding were switched after 14 d. Estimates of ME, varied from 112 to 105 kcal-kg BW-.75&1. Within animal, day-to-day variations in heat production were high (4.6% on average) and prevented the detection of any precise changes of HP with time on treatment. None of the trials showed any significant effect of level of feeding on ME,.

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“…(), Tulloh (), Doreau et al. (), Kay (), Holtenius and Björnhag (), Hofmann and Nygren (), Woodall and Skinner (), Wang et al. (), Clauss et al.…”

Section: Methodsunclassified

Quantitative Macroscopic Anatomy of the Giraffe (Giraffa camelopardalis) Digestive Tract

Sauer

Bertelsen

Lund

et al. 2015

Anat Histol Embryol

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Quantitative data on digestive anatomy of the world's largest ruminant, the giraffe, are scarce. Data were collected from a total of 25 wild-caught and 13 zoo-housed giraffes. Anatomical measures were quantified by dimension, area or weight and analysed by allometric regression. The majority of measures scaled positively and isometrically to body mass. Giraffes had lower tissue weight of all stomach compartments and longer large intestinal length than cattle. When compared to other ruminants, the giraffe digestive tract showed many of the convergent morphological adaptations attributed to browsing ruminants, for example lower reticular crests, thinner ruminal pillars and smaller surface area of the omasal laminae. Salivary gland weight of the giraffe, however, resembled that of grazing ruminants. This matches a previous finding of similarly small salivary glands in the other extant giraffid, the okapi (Okapia johnstoni), suggesting that not all convergent characteristics need be expressed in all species and that morphological variation between species is a combination of phylogenetic and adaptational signals. Summary 23Quantitative data on digestive anatomy of the world's largest ruminant, the giraffe, are scarce. Data 24 were collected from a total of 25 wild caught and 13 zoo housed giraffes. Anatomical measures were 25 quantified by dimension, area or weight, and analyzed by allometric regression. The majority of 26 measures scaled positively and isometrically to body mass. Giraffes had lower tissue weight of all 27 stomach compartments and longer large intestinal length than cattle. When compared to other 28 ruminants, the giraffe digestive tract showed many of the convergent morphological adaptations 29 attributed to browsing ruminants, e.g., lower reticular crests, thinner ruminal pillars and smaller 30 surface area of the omasal laminae. Salivary gland weight of the giraffe, however, resembled that of 31 grazing ruminants. This matches a previous finding of similarly small salivary glands in the other 32 extant giraffid, the okapi (Okapia johnstoni) suggesting that not all convergent characteristics need 33 be expressed in all species and that morphological variation between species is a combination of 34 phylogenetic and adaptational signals. 35 36

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Effects of physiological state and body fatness on digestive-tract weight and composition in the dairy cow

Cited by 11 publications

References 12 publications

Animal and Dietary Factors Affecting Feed Intake During the Prefresh Transition Period in Holsteins

Animal and Dietary Factors Affecting Feed Intake During the Prefresh Transition Period in Holsteins

Maintenance requirements in metabolizable energy of adult, nonpregnant, nonlactating Charolais cows1

Quantitative Macroscopic Anatomy of the Giraffe (Giraffa camelopardalis) Digestive Tract

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