Effects of pinealectomy and crocin treatment on rats with isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarction

Demır, Mehmet; Altınöz, Eyüp; Elbe, Hülya; Bicer, Yasemin; Yiğittürk, Gürkan; Karayakali, Melike; Ballur, None Arwa Fadil Haqi

doi:10.1080/01480545.2021.1977025

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…It should be noted that the administration of kerosene and continuous exercise did not significantly affect cardiac tissue, indicating that kerosene and constant exercise are a safe combination. However, our findings were consistent with the results of a study by Demir et al ., reporting that crocin could reduce the degeneration of myocardial cells and damage caused by myocardial infarction (49). Previous studies have shown that using antioxidants can reduce the destructive effects of oxidative stress on heart tissue.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of crocin and treadmill exercise on oxidative stress and heart damage in diabetic rats

Pourmousavi¹,

Asadi²,

Zehsaz³

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Objective: In diabetes the production of free radicals and inflammatory agents in the heart tissue is increased and the expression of genes associated with the induction of apoptosis is altered. Considering the importance of common cardiovascular disorders in diabetes, this study investigated the effect of eight weeks of aerobic exercise and kerosene use alone, as well as tissue damage and oxidative stress caused by diabetes in the heart of adult rats. Materials and Methods: To induce diabetes, streptozotocin 50 mg/kg was injected as a single dose intraperitoneally. After 72 hours, blood glucose levels were monitored by a glucometer, and blood glucose above 250 mg/dl was considered diabetes. Continuous treadmill exercise was performed for eight weeks by placing the animal on the treadmill. Next, the animals were anesthetized, and samples were taken from the hearts and frozen in liquid nitrogen. Then, superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and malondialdehyde (MDA) were measured in the cardiac tissue. Finally, the hearts of half of the animals were immediately immersed in formalin solution for histological changes. Results: According to our findings, diabetes increased lipid peroxidation, which was characterized by increased MDA levels in the control diabetes group and decreased SOD and GPx levels (P <0.05). It also changes the balance of expression of genes associated with apoptosis control, increased Bcl-2-associated X (Bax) expression, and decreased Bcl-2 expression (P <0.05). Also, we observed the induction of apoptosis in cardiac tissue. Using eight weeks of continuous exercise and administration of crocin significantly reduced blood sugar levels and lipid peroxidation and increased the activity of antioxidant enzymes and Bcl-2 gene expression compared to the diabetes control group. In addition, continuous exercise and kerosene improved the oxidative stress parameters in the control group. Conclusions: The results of this study showed that diabetes could cause oxidative stress and heart dysfunction. Moreover, simultaneously and separately, aerobic exercise with treadmill and crocin administration can reduce these disorders and prevent apoptosis in the heart tissue.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of crocin and treadmill exercise on oxidative stress and heart damage in diabetic rats

Pourmousavi¹,

Asadi²,

Zehsaz³

et al. 2023

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…It should be noted that the administration of crocin and continuous exercise did not significantly affect cardiac tissue, indicating that crocin and constant exercise are a safe combination. However, our findings were consistent with the results of a study by Demir et al ., reporting that crocin could reduce the degeneration of myocardial cells and damage caused by myocardial infarction [ 56 ]. Previous studies have shown that using antioxidants can reduce the destructive effects of oxidative stress on heart tissue.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of crocin and treadmill exercise on oxidative stress and heart damage in diabetic rats

Pourmousavi,

Hashemkandi Asadi,

Zehsaz

et al. 2023

PLoS ONE

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Diabetes increases the production of free radicals and inflammatory agents in the heart tissue and alters the expression of genes associated with the induction of apoptosis. Considering the importance of common cardiovascular disorders in diabetes, this study investigated the effect of eight weeks of aerobic exercise and crocin use, as well as tissue damage and oxidative stress caused by diabetes in the hearts of adult rats. Streptozotocin 50 mg/kg was injected as a single dose intraperitoneally to cause the diabetes. After 72 hours, a glucometer monitored blood glucose levels, and blood glucose above 250 mg/dl was considered diabetes. Continuous treadmill exercise was performed for eight weeks by placing the animal on the treadmill. Next, the animals were anesthetized, and samples were taken from the hearts and frozen in liquid nitrogen. Then, superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and malondialdehyde (MDA) were measured in the cardiac tissue. Finally, the hearts of half of the animals were immediately immersed in a formalin solution for histological changes. According to our findings, diabetes increased lipid peroxidation, characterized by increased MDA levels in the control diabetes group and decreased SOD and GPx levels (P <0.05). It also changes the balance of expression of genes associated with apoptosis control, increased Bcl-2-associated X (Bax) expression, and decreased Bcl-2 expression (P <0.05). Also, we observed the induction of apoptosis in cardiac tissue. Using eight weeks of continuous exercise and administration of crocin significantly reduced blood sugar levels and lipid peroxidation and increased the activity of antioxidant enzymes and Bcl-2 gene expression compared to the diabetes control group. In addition, continuous exercise and crocin improved the oxidative stress parameters in the control group. This study showed that diabetes could cause oxidative stress and heart dysfunction. Moreover, simultaneously and separately, aerobic exercise with a treadmill and crocin administration can reduce these disorders and prevent apoptosis in the heart tissue.

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“…PINX was performed on an endogenous MEL deficiency model to evaluate the regulation of circadian rhythms in the pineal gland (de Farias et al, 2015 ; Tchekalarova et al, 2020 ), immunity (Sahin et al, 2018 ; Luo et al, 2020 ), Alzheimer's disease (Tzoneva et al, 2021 ), and inflammation and oxidative stress (Ballur et al, 2022 ). However, most of these studies were performed on rodents (Al Gburi et al, 2022 ; Demir et al, 2022 ), so it is difficult to use the findings of these studies to explain various MEL deficiency disorders in humans because nocturnal rodents and diurnal humans have different circadian rhythms in terms of behavior and physiology (Cheung et al, 2005 ; Slawik et al, 2016 ). Pigs are highly similar to humans in terms of physiological anatomy, nutritional metabolism, cardiovascular system structure, and immune response, making them one of the ideal experimental animal models for the study of human diseases (Walters et al, 2017 ; Pabst, 2020 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intestinal melatonin levels and gut microbiota homeostasis are independent of the pineal gland in pigs

Zheng,

Zhou,

Zhang

et al. 2024

Front. Microbiol.

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IntroductionMelatonin (MEL) is a crucial neuroendocrine hormone primarily produced by the pineal gland. Pinealectomy (PINX) has been performed on an endogenous MEL deficiency model to investigate the functions of pineal MEL and its relationship with various diseases. However, the effect of PINX on the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) MEL levels and gut microbiome in pigs has not been previously reported.MethodsBy using a newly established pig PINX model, we detected the levels of MEL in the GIT by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. In addition, we examined the effects of PINX on the expression of MEL synthesis enzymes, intestinal histomorphology, and the intestinal barrier. Furthermore, 16S rRNA sequencing was performed to analyze the colonic microbiome.ResultsPINX reduced serum MEL levels but did not affect GIT MEL levels. Conversely, MEL supplementation increased MEL levels in the GIT and intestinal contents. Neither PINX nor MEL supplementation had any effect on weight gain, organ coefficient, serum biochemical indexes, or MEL synthetase arylalkylamine N-acetyltransferase (AANAT) expression in the duodenum, ileum, and colon. Furthermore, no significant differences were observed in the intestinal morphology or intestinal mucosal barrier function due to the treatments. Additionally, 16S rRNA sequencing revealed that PINX had no significant impact on the composition of the intestinal microbiota. Nevertheless, MEL supplementation decreased the abundance of Fibrobacterota and increased the abundance of Actinobacteriota, Desulfobacterota, and Chloroflexi.ConclusionWe demonstrated that synthesis of MEL in the GIT is independent of the pineal gland. PINX had no influence on intestinal MEL level and microbiota composition in pigs, while exogenous MEL alters the structure of the gut microbiota.

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Effects of pinealectomy and crocin treatment on rats with isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarction

Cited by 5 publications

References 34 publications

Effect of crocin and treadmill exercise on oxidative stress and heart damage in diabetic rats

Effect of crocin and treadmill exercise on oxidative stress and heart damage in diabetic rats

Effect of crocin and treadmill exercise on oxidative stress and heart damage in diabetic rats

Intestinal melatonin levels and gut microbiota homeostasis are independent of the pineal gland in pigs

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