Effects of placement of urea with a urease inhibitor on seedling emergence, N uptake and dry matter yield of wheat

Wang, Xiaobin; Xin, Jijun; Grant, C. A.; Bailey, L. D.

doi:10.4141/cjps95-075

Cited by 20 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…DISCUSSION Under field conditions, seedling damage in barley from seed-placed urea was consistently reduced by use of NBPT, leading to higher stand density. This supports the growth chamber results of Xiaobin et al (1995) with wheat and the field observations of Schlegel (1991) in corn. While the impact of reduced stand density on dry matter yield at flowering was inconsistent, the final grain yield was generally reduced by damage from high rates of seed-placed N and increased by using NBPT to reduce this damage.…”

Section: Grain Yieldsupporting

confidence: 79%

“…Bremner andKrogmeirer (1988, 1990) demonstrated that NBPT was able to reduce seedling toxicity from seed-placed urea in a range of crops. Xiaobin et al (1995) reported that NBPT reduced seedling damage to wheat from seed-placed urea fertilizers in growth chamber studies. Schlegel (1991) determined in field studies conducted over three seasons on silt loam soils in west-central Kansas, that adding NBPT to UAN solutions was effective in reducing seedling toxicity in corn.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Effect of seed-placed urea fertilizer and N-(n-butyl)thiophosphoric triamide (NBPT) on emergence and grain yield of barley

Grant¹,

Bailey²

1999

Can. J. Plant Sci.

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. 1999. Effect of seed-placed urea fertilizer and N-(n-butyl)thiophosphoric triamide (NBPT) on emergence and grain yield of barley. Can. J. Plant. Sci. 79: 491-496. Seedling damage from excess seed-placed urea fertilizer can be a major problem in one-pass seeding and fertilizing systems. Field studies were conducted on a clay loam and a fine sandy loam soil over 3 yr to evaluate the impact of seed-placed urea N, with and without the addition of the urease inhibitor N-(n-butyl) thiophosphoric triamide (NBPT) on stand density and growth of barley. Seedling damage, as indicated by reduction in stand density, occurred on both soil types at rates of seed-placed N as low as 40 kg N ha -1 . Addition of NBPT to the urea fertilizer increased stand density at N levels where damage occurred with the untreated urea. Dry matter yield at heading generally was unaffected by N application or use of NBPT; however, final yield was increased by use of NBPT in four of five site-years. Use of NBPT appears promising as a method of reducing the risk of seedling damage from seed-placed urea fertilizer, thus increasing the rate of urea-N that can be safely placed with the seed. Des études au champ ont été réalisées durant 3 ans sur un loam argileux et sur un loam sableux fin avec pour objet d'évaluer l'impact de la localisation dans la ligne de semis d'urée engrais avec ou sans l'inhibiteur d'uréase NBPT (triamide n-(n-butyl) thiophosphorique) sur la densité de peuplement et sur la croissance de l'orge. Des endommagements des plantules, révélés par la diminution de la densité de peuplement, étaient observés dans les deux types de sol, même à des taux de fumure N ne dépassant pas 40 kg N ha -1 . L'ajout de NBPT à l'urée produisait un accroissement de la densité de peuplement à des niveaux de fumure N qui, sans cela, causaient des endommagements. Le rendement en matière sèche à l'épiaison n'était généralement pas influencé par l'urée ni par le NBPT, mais l'utilisation de l'inhibiteur donnait lieu à un accroissement du rendement grainier à 4 des 5 années-emplacements. Cette molécule offre un moyen prometteur de réduire les risques d'endommagement des plantules associés à la localisation de l'urée engrais dans la ligne du semis et, par voie de conséquence, d'accroître la dose de l'engrais que l'on peut sans danger placer au voisinage immédiat de la semence. Mots clés: Inhibiteur d'uréase, toxicité envers les plantules, ammoniacUrea is a popular form of N fertilizer due to its high N analysis, ease of handling and storage, and relatively low cost. Urea is readily soluble in water and can be used in the formulation of urea ammonium nitrate (UAN) and compound fertilizers. Seed-placement of fertilizer is a popular option for producers because it allows seeding and fertilizer application in a single operation, reducing labour and operational costs. Seed-placement of fertilizer reduces soil disturbance, as compared with incorporated or banded applications and reduces equipment costs and draft requirements as compared to side-banded applications. ...

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Section: Grain Yieldsupporting

confidence: 79%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of seed-placed urea fertilizer and N-(n-butyl)thiophosphoric triamide (NBPT) on emergence and grain yield of barley

Grant¹,

Bailey²

1999

Can. J. Plant Sci.

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“…[2,7] This allows more time for the diffusion of urea away from seedrow and reduces the likelihood of seedling damage. [9] In growth chamber studies, Xiaobin et al [10] observed that NBPT reduced wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) seedling damage due to seed-placed urea. [9] In growth chamber studies, Xiaobin et al [10] observed that NBPT reduced wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) seedling damage due to seed-placed urea.…”

Section: Improving Effectiveness Of Seedrow-placed Urea With Urease Imentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving Effectiveness Of Seedrow-placed Urea With Urease Inhibitor And Polymer Coating For Durum Wheat And Canola

Malhi

Oliver

Mayerle³

et al. 2003

Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis

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Seedrow-placed urea minimizes soil disturbance in reduced tillage systems, but it generally decreases emergence at nitrogen (N) rates adequate for optimum crop yield. The objective of this study was to determine the influence of coating urea fertilizer granules with a urease inhibitor or a polymer on the emergence and seed yield of durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L.) and canola (Brassica napus L.) with seedrow-placed urea, and to determine the appropriate rate of Agrotaine coating for seedrow-placement. Protein content and N uptake in wheat seed were also determined. Field experiments were conducted at three locations using durum wheat (Aneroid) and canola (Scott and Swift Current) in Saskatchewan, Canada. The combinations of N rates (28, 56, 84, 112, and 140 kg N ha 21 for durum wheat and 34, 68, 102, and 136 kg N ha 21 for canola) and urea coatings [non-coated urea (NCU)], urea coated with Agrotaine at full rate (Agr1, 5.2 L t 21 ), 2/3 rate (Agr2/3) and 1/3 rate (Agr1/3), and with polymer (Plmr, at 3% by weight) treatments were the main plots. A zero-N check was also included. There were two seed opener types (knife with 1.9 cm wide band and spreader with 7.6 cm wide band) used for the seedrow-placed urea subplots. Agrotaine contained N-(n-butyl)-thiophosphoric triamide (NBPT) urease inhibitor at 25% by weight as active ingredient. With increase in N rate from 28 to 140 kg N ha 21 for wheat, the decline in emergence was greater for NCU (by 59.5 plants m 22 ) than for coated urea treatments (by 23.0 to 29.1 plants m 22 ); the seed yield declined in NCU and Agr1/3 treatments but increased up to 84 or 112 kg N ha 21 in Agr1, Agr2/3 and Plmr treatments. With increasing N rates, the N uptake in wheat seed was not influenced for NCU, slightly increased (by 10.3 kg N ha 21 ) for Agr1/3 and substantially increased (by 31.6 to 34.9 kg N ha 21 ) for Plmr, Agr1 and Agr2/3 treatments. The protein content in wheat seed was increased for all the coated urea treatments up to 140 kg N ha 21 . Compared to the zero-N check, canola emergence with 34 kg N ha 21 declined slightly at Scott (relatively moist area) and substantially at Swift Current (relatively dry area). With an increase in the N rate from 34 to 136 kg N ha 21 , the decline in canola emergence at Scott was much greater with NCU than the coated urea treatments but at Swift Current it was similar for all the urea treatments. With increasing N rate, canola seed yield declined for the NCU treatment at both sites while it increased up to 68 kg N ha 21 for Agr1, Agr2/3 and Agr1/3 at Scott, up to 102 kg N ha 21 for Agr2/3 and Agr1/3 at Swift Current, and up to 136 kg N ha 21 for Plmr at Scott and for Agr1 and Plmr at Swift Current. Both crops responded to higher rates of seedrow-placed N with coated urea compared to NCU. Polymer coating was somewhat more effective than Agrotaine coating at the N rates used in this study. The effectiveness of Agrotaine tended to decline with reduction in coating rate (a trend of Agr1 . Agr2/3 . Agr1/3). The wider spreader opener resulted i...

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“…This suggests that approximately 40 to 80 kg ha −1 of extra N could be seedrow-placed when ESN is used as N source compared to urea on this high organic matter (about 10%) finetextured soil under good soil moisture conditions at seeding and during the growing season. Previous research has shown improved seedling emergence from the use of NBPT (urease inhibitor)-treated urea on wheat, barley, or canola (Xiaobin et al, 1995;Grant and Bailey, 1999;Karamanos et al, 2004). In our other previous research in Saskatchewan (Malhi et al, 2003), NBPT-treated urea was found effective in reducing toxicity of seedrow-placed urea on canola and wheat seedlings.…”

Section: Seed and Straw N Uptakementioning

confidence: 90%

Effectiveness of Seedrow-Placed N With Polymer-Coated and NBPT-Treated Urea for Canola and Wheat

Malhi¹,

Lemke²

2013

Journal of Plant Nutrition

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2 Seedrow-placed urea minimizes soil disturbance in reduced tillage systems, but it generally decreases seedling emergence (or stand density) at nitrogen (N) rates adequate for optimum crop yield. Two three-year field experiments were conducted on canola (Brassica napus L.) and spring wheat (Triticum turgidum L.) at Melfort Research Farm, Saskatchewan, Canada, to determine the influence of N rate (40, 80 and 120 kg N ha −1 N uptake in seed and straw. For both crops, side-banded N had no detrimental effect on seedling emergence compared to the zero-N control for all rates and sources. Seedrow-placed ESN had little or no effect on seedling emergence of wheat or canola. Conversely, seedrow-placed urea, SuperU or AgrotainU reduced seedling emergence for wheat at the 80 and 120 kg N ha −1 rates and reduced canola seedling emergence substantially at all rates, but particularly at the 80 and 120 kg N ha −1 . Seed yield and N uptake were generally greater with ESN than urea and also SuperU or AgrotainU, when the fertilizers were seedrow-placed at high N rates. The findings suggest the effectiveness of ESN in providing greater seedrow-placed N application options for producers.

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Effects of placement of urea with a urease inhibitor on seedling emergence, N uptake and dry matter yield of wheat

Cited by 20 publications

References 8 publications

Effect of seed-placed urea fertilizer and N-(n-butyl)thiophosphoric triamide (NBPT) on emergence and grain yield of barley

Effect of seed-placed urea fertilizer and N-(n-butyl)thiophosphoric triamide (NBPT) on emergence and grain yield of barley

Improving Effectiveness Of Seedrow-placed Urea With Urease Inhibitor And Polymer Coating For Durum Wheat And Canola

Effectiveness of Seedrow-Placed N With Polymer-Coated and NBPT-Treated Urea for Canola and Wheat

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