Effects of Plant Hormones, Metal Ions, Salinity, Sugar, and Chemicals Pollution on Glucosinolate Biosynthesis in Cruciferous Plant

Abstract

Cruciferous vegetable crops are grown widely around the world, which supply a multitude of health-related micronutrients, phytochemicals, and antioxidant compounds. Glucosinolates (GSLs) are specialized metabolites found widely in cruciferous vegetables, which are not only related to flavor formation but also have anti-cancer, disease-resistance, and insect-resistance properties. The content and components of GSLs in the Cruciferae are not only related to genotypes and environmental factors but also are influenced by hormones, plant growth regulators, and mineral elements. This review discusses the effects of different exogenous substances on the GSL content and composition, and analyzes the molecular mechanism by which these substances regulate the biosynthesis of GSLs. Based on the current research status, future research directions are also proposed.

Application of Tryptophan and Methionine in Broccoli Seedlings Enhances Formation of Anticancer Compounds Sulforaphane and Indole-3-Carbinol and Promotes Growth

“…In both plants and animals, Trp is a precursor of melatonin [ 33 , 34 ]. Melatonin can not only effectively treat sleep disorders in humans, it also plays an important role in plant growth and stress resistance [ 25 ]. Thus, the concentration of melatonin and the three intermediates in its biosynthetic pathway ( Figure 1 E) was measured.…”

“…Therefore, broccoli seedlings are not an ideal source of melatonin for a daily diet. Nevertheless, melatonin was reported to be highly effective at scavenging ROS in plants under various environmental stresses [ 25 ]; thus, the augmentation of melatonin through Trp treatment could improve a plant’s adaptability to adversity.…”

“…Increasing the content of glucoraphanin has long been a focus [ 43 ]. Studies have revealed that certain environmental stressors, such as salinity, drought, and hormones like MeJA and ABA, can stimulate the production of glucoraphanin [ 25 , 44 , 45 ]. However, these stressors and hormones also inhibit plant growth and, consequently, decrease yield.…”

“…The ion modes and m / z values of the precursor and product ions for each metabolite are listed in Table S1 . The contents were quantified through LC-MS/MS (API 4000), as outlined in [ 25 ].…”

Influence of Foliar Spraying of Gibberellic Acid, Abscicic Acid and Seaweed Extracts on Vegetative Growth, Quality and Storability of Broccoli.

“…It accomplishes these goals by acting directly or indirectly on substances that control important ripening genes, other plant hormones, transcription factors, sugars, and polyamines (Kou et al, 2021). It supports growth and productivity, as well as maintaining quality postharvest may be attributed to works as a multipurpose mediator of numerous physiological processes (Gupta et al,2022, Liu et al, 2022and Shibata and Sugimoto, 2019 cleared that ABA supports shoot growth, plants' root growth and leaf senescence are promoted. Furthermore, Miret et al (2018) and Zhao et al (2016) showed that ABA promotes and protects chloroplast functionality.…”