Effects of Plasmodium falciparum infection on the pharmacokinetics of quinine and its metabolites in pregnant and non-pregnant Sudanese women

Abstract

Plasmodium falciparum infection significantly increased plasma concentration of quinine in non-pregnant women and showed the same trend in pregnant women.

Plasmodium falciparum resistance to cytocidal versus cytostatic effects of chloroquine

“…LD 50 approximately 4–15 µM for CQR parasites (Table 1), is similarly consistent with the responses that have been observed clinically for patients infected with CQR parasites. Fewer measurements of plasma levels of QN have been done, but published data show that plasma QN is ~ 2 – 20 – fold higher than plasma CQ [18,19], again consistent with measured LD 50 for QNS (HB3) and QNR (Dd2) strain behavior. Interestingly, we note strain 7G8 is QNS via IC 50 data, but QNR via LD 50 .…”

Pharmacokinetic Properties of Artemether, Dihydroartemisinin, Lumefantrine, and Quinine in Pregnant Women with Uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum Malaria in Uganda

“…Pregnancy could theoretically have an impact on the pharmacokinetics of quinine. However, previous studies have reported similar pharmacokinetic properties of quinine in pregnant and nonpregnant patients after parenteral administration of quinine (41, 63). Only sparse literature data are available after oral administration of quinine in nonpregnant patients (51) and no published information is available for that in pregnant women.…”

Clinical pharmacokinetics of quinine and its relationship with treatment outcomes in children, pregnant women, and elderly patients, with uncomplicated and complicated malaria: a systematic review

“…The average scores for quality assessment were acceptable. Nineteen, 7, and 2 articles involved studies in children [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26], pregnant women [27][28][29][30][31][32][33], and elderly [34,35], respectively. The studies were conducted during 1982-2013 in 16 countries; 23, 2, and 3 studies in Africa, Asia, and Australia/Oceania, respectively.…”

“…The studies were conducted during 1982-2013 in 16 countries; 23, 2, and 3 studies in Africa, Asia, and Australia/Oceania, respectively. Fourteen, 11, and 3 studies involved uncomplicated falciparum malaria [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][27][28][29][30][31], complicated falciparum malaria [17-25, 32, 33], and non-malaria [9,11,14], respectively.…”