Effects of Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine 2 Years after Its Introduction, the Netherlands

Rodenburg, Gerwin D.; Greeff, Sabine C. de; Jansen, Angelique G. C. S.; Melker, Hester E. de; Schouls, Leo M.; Hak, Eelko; Spanjaard, Lodewijk; Sanders, Elisabeth A. M.; Ende, Arie van der

doi:10.3201/eid1605.091223

Cited by 140 publications

(92 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Specifically, in the Netherlands there was a 35% reduction of disease in children under the age of two and vaccine-type caused IPD decreased by 67% after the introduction of PCV7. 21 However, this was lower than the results seen in the United States despite the Netherlands having an increased rate of vaccination among children (94.4%). 21 The Netherlands also used PCV10, a conjugate vaccine containing all the serotypes of PCV7 plus three more (Table 1) and observed a 34% reduction in the first episode of otitis media.…”

Section: Characteristics Of the Bacteriummentioning

confidence: 71%

“…21 However, this was lower than the results seen in the United States despite the Netherlands having an increased rate of vaccination among children (94.4%). 21 The Netherlands also used PCV10, a conjugate vaccine containing all the serotypes of PCV7 plus three more (Table 1) and observed a 34% reduction in the first episode of otitis media. 5 Similar results were seen throughout Europe.…”

Section: Characteristics Of the Bacteriummentioning

confidence: 71%

“…After the introduction of PCV7 in the United States in 2000, a 77% reduction in pneumonia in children under the age of five was observed. 21 Additionally, in 2001 there was a 69% decrease in IPD in young children compared to 1998–1999 (Figs. 1 and 2).…”

Section: Characteristics Of the Bacteriummentioning

confidence: 94%

“…5 This was also observed in the Netherlands, where IPD rates for non-vaccine serotypes increased by 13%. 21 The rate of IPD eventually leveled off despite the huge reduction seen in PCV7 serotypes because an emergence in infections caused by serotypes 19A and 7F was observed (Figs 1 and 2). 21 , 22 It was also noted that the rate of IPD in adults 65 and older caused by 19A was 5.3% in 2008 but increased to 11.4% by 2013.…”

Section: Characteristics Of the Bacteriummentioning

confidence: 95%

“…20 , 22 The overall rate of vaccination in the United States was between 68–69%. 21 A reduction in IPD among immunocompromised patients was also seen as an effect of PCV7 introduction. 5

10.1080/21645515.2018.1470726-F0001Figure 1.Trends in overall rate of IPD (invasive pneumonia disease) in different age groups between the years 1998–2016 in the United States.…”

Section: Characteristics Of the Bacteriummentioning

confidence: 96%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Current status and future directions of invasive pneumococcal diseases and prophylactic approaches to control them

Wantuch

Avci

2018

Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics

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Streptococcus pneumoniae is a major human bacterial pathogen responsible for millions of deaths each year and significantly more illnesses worldwide. With over 90 different serotypes, providing effective vaccine programs has been a continuing challenge. Since 1983, the world has been introduced to four different pneumococcal vaccines (PPSV23, PCV7, PCV10, and PCV13) each with their own complications and successes. Since vaccination programs began, a decrease in the overall rate of pneumococcal pneumonia and associated diseases has been observed, notably in higher risk populations. However, with a decrease in incidence of vaccine type pneumococcal serotypes, increases in non-vaccine serotypes of the bacteria have been observed along with serotype switching. Additionally, a rise in antibiotic resistant strains of S. pneumoniae is noted. Here we discuss both the positive and negative clinical manifestations of pneumonia vaccine programs and discuss the challenges in pneumococcal vaccine design.

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Section: Characteristics Of the Bacteriummentioning

confidence: 71%

Section: Characteristics Of the Bacteriummentioning

confidence: 71%

Section: Characteristics Of the Bacteriummentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Characteristics Of the Bacteriummentioning

confidence: 95%

“…20 , 22 The overall rate of vaccination in the United States was between 68–69%. 21 A reduction in IPD among immunocompromised patients was also seen as an effect of PCV7 introduction. 5

10.1080/21645515.2018.1470726-F0001Figure 1.Trends in overall rate of IPD (invasive pneumonia disease) in different age groups between the years 1998–2016 in the United States.…”

Section: Characteristics Of the Bacteriummentioning

confidence: 96%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Current status and future directions of invasive pneumococcal diseases and prophylactic approaches to control them

Wantuch

Avci

2018

Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics

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Health promotion, risk stratification, and treatment options to decrease hospitalization rates for community-acquired pneumonia in adults

Severson

Renstrom

Fitzhugh

2014

Journal of the American Association of Nurse Practitioners

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Purpose Community‐acquired pneumonia (CAP) is a serious illness and hospitalization for this illness is expensive. There is much the nurse practitioner (NP) can do to prevent and manage this illness. Data sources Review of current literature, medical/nursing references, and data from the healthcare utilization project (HCUP). Conclusions The use of health promotion, risk stratification, and current evidence‐based treatment guidelines can help to decrease hospitalization rates for CAP for adults. Implications for practice NPs are experts at health promotion and evidence‐based practice. Adhering to these practices and using risk stratification, NPs can help to further decrease hospitalization rates for CAP lowering healthcare costs related to this serious illness.

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The Epidemiology of Invasive Pneumococcal Disease in British Columbia Following Implementation of an Infant Immunization Program: Increases in Herd Immunity and Replacement Disease

Sahni

Naus

Hoang

et al. 2012

Can J Public Health

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Invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) is an important cause of bacteremia and meningitis in Canada. 1 In 2003, British Columbia (BC) implemented publicly-funded immunization for infants and young children in order to reduce the burden of illness associated with Streptococcus pneumoniae. The 7-valent conjugate pneumococcal vaccine (PCV-7) protects against serotypes 4, 6B, 9V, 14, 18C, 19F and 23F. BC's Pneumococcal Immunization ProgramThe PCV-7 program began in April 2003 when a four-dose schedule (at 2, 4 and 6 months with a booster at 18 months) was offered to medically high-risk and Aboriginal children aged 2 to 59 months. In September 2003, the program was expanded to include all infants.In 2007, BC implemented a schedule change reducing the number of recommended doses of PCV-7 for 'healthy infants' from four to three doses (at 2 and 4 months with a booster at 12 months). This decision was based on published comparative immunogenicity studies and on observations of large numbers of children in the US who only received three doses of the vaccine. [2][3][4] Medically highrisk children remained on the four-dose schedule, receiving an extra dose at 6 months with the booster dose at 12 months. On June 1, 2010, BC made a program product change from PCV-7 to PCV-13. In addition to the serotypes previously covered by PCV-7, the 13-valent vaccine provides protection against serotypes 1, 5, 7F, 3, 6A and 19A.The pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPV-23) protecting against 23 serotypes of IPD is recommended for adults over 64 years of age; medically high-risk children aged two years and older after completion of the PCV series; and high-risk adults, including homeless and illicit drug using populations. 5 This paper describes changes in the incidence and serotype distribution of IPD in BC in the seven years following implementation of the childhood PCV-7 immunization program in 2003 and under a reduced dose schedule. METHODSIPD is reportable in BC, through passive surveillance, to medical health officers and subsequently to the BC Centre for Disease Control (BCCDC). A case is defined as the isolation of S. pneumoniae from a normally sterile site. Health Authorities report confirmed cases along with basic demographic information to the BCCDC.

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Effects of Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine 2 Years after Its Introduction, the Netherlands

Abstract: Vaccine-serotype disease decreased, but non–vaccine-serotype disease increased.

Cited by 140 publications

References 21 publications

Current status and future directions of invasive pneumococcal diseases and prophylactic approaches to control them

Current status and future directions of invasive pneumococcal diseases and prophylactic approaches to control them

Health promotion, risk stratification, and treatment options to decrease hospitalization rates for community-acquired pneumonia in adults

The Epidemiology of Invasive Pneumococcal Disease in British Columbia Following Implementation of an Infant Immunization Program: Increases in Herd Immunity and Replacement Disease

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