Effects of Pod Removal on Metabolism and Senescence of Nodulating and Nonnodulating Soybean Isolines

Crafts‐Brandner, Steven J.; Below, Frederick E.; Harper, James E.; Hageman, R. H.

doi:10.1104/pp.75.2.311

Cited by 43 publications

(28 citation statements)

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“…5), but leaf senescence was not altered. Thus, even though leaf P does decline in some cases during the seed filling period in soybean (13,14,18), this decline is not a factor in the regulation of the senescence process. It has been consistently demonstrated that monocarpic leaf senescence is associated with declines in leaf N as manifested by degradation of the photosynthetic apparatus (2,3,7,19,28,29). The results of this study were consistent with this observation.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 82%

“…Leaf P concentration did not increase until the soil P level exceeded that required for maximum growth. Leaf senescence is often characterized by a large decrease in leaf N during the seed filling period (2,3,7,19,28,29). For all soil P treatments used in this study, there was a large decline in N concentration during the seed filling period (Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Phosphorus Nutrition Influence on Leaf Senescence in Soybean

Crafts‐Brandner¹

1992

Plant Physiol.

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Remobilization of mineral nutrients from leaves to reproductive structures is a possible regulatory factor in leaf senescence. The relationship between P remobilization from leaves of soybean (Glycine max [L.] Merr. cv McCall) during reproductive development and leaf senescence was determined by utilizing soil P treatments that supplied deficient, optimum, and supraoptimum soil P levels. The soil P treatments simulated field conditions, being initiated at the time of planting with no subsequent addition or removal of P. It was hypothesized that P deficiency would accelerate leaf senescence and that supraoptimum P nutrition would delay the timing or rate of leaf senescence relative to plants grown with optimum P. Supraoptimum soil P led to a twoto fourfold increase in leaf P concentration compared with optimum P, and during senescence there was no net P remobilization from leaves for this treatment. Leaf P concentration was similar for plants grown at optimum or deficient soil P, and there was significant net P remobilization from leaves of both treatments in one of the two experiments. As indicated by changes in leaf N, carbon dioxide exchange rate, ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase activity, and chlorophyll concentration, leaf senescence pattems were similar for all soil P treatments. Thus, it can be concluded that leaf senescence was not affected by either P deficiency or enhanced leaf P concentration resulting from supraoptimum soil P. The results suggest that P nutrition in general, and specifically P remobilization from leaves, does not exert any regulatory control on the process of leaf senescence.important factor in leaf senescence and yield production (12,21,26).In a previous study of vegetative growth of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.), we demonstrated that soil P levels could be manipulated such that leaf P concentration remained relatively constant until maximum biomass was produced, after which further increases in soil P levels resulted in progressive increases in leafP concentration (6). These treatments simulated the conditions in which plants would experience P deficiency or supraoptimum P levels under field conditions and appeared to be an ideal way to determine the role of P nutrition in reproductive development and leaf senescence in soybean. We utilized these soil P treatments to produce soybean plants that were (a) P limited and (b) produced similar biomass and seed yield but differed two-to threefold in total plant and leaf P content (5). It was demonstrated that normal seed growth and development could occur independently of net leaf P remobilization. Visually, canopy senescence was not markedly altered by any of the soil P levels. However, because of differences in leaf age, it is difficult to evaluate leaf senescence visually or from a sample consisting of the total plant leaf mass. In this study, we report the effect of these same soil P treatments on senescence of a leaf near the top of the plant. Two hypotheses were tested: (a) deficient soil P would lead to more...

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 82%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phosphorus Nutrition Influence on Leaf Senescence in Soybean

Crafts‐Brandner¹

1992

Plant Physiol.

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“…Analysis of photosynthetic processes revealed that carbon fixation rates declined progressively from the time of full leaf expansion (Figure 4). This age-related, progressive loss of photosynthetic function from the time of leaf maturity may be a general feature of annual plants because this phenomenon has been observed in cucumber (Callow, 1974), Perilla (Batt and Woolhouse, 1975), barley (Friedrich and Huffaker, 1980), wheat (Peoples et al, 1980), maize (Crafts-Brandner et al, 1984a), and soybean (Wittenbach, 1982;Ford and Shibles, 1988). Wittenbach referred to the photosynthetic decline as "functional senescence" to distinguish this process from the subsequent rapid loss of chlorophyll and macromolecular turnover associated with the senescence syndrome (Wittenbach, 1983).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…tissues (Crafts-Brandner et al, 1984a). The source of carbon for sucrose synthesis in this case is unlikely to be photosynthesis, but is rather through the P-oxidation of lipids because glyoxysomal pathways are known to increase during senescence (Gut and Matile, 1988;DeBellis et al, 1990).…”

Section: (C) Rbcs (D) Ef-1a (E) Sag2 (F)sag4mentioning

confidence: 99%

Developmental and age-related processes that influence the longevity and senescence of photosynthetic tissues in arabidopsis.

et al. 1993

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Factors that influence the longevity and senescence of photosynthetic tissues of Arabidopsis were investigated. To determine the influence of reproductive development on the timing of somatic tissue senescence, the longevity of rosette leaves of the Landsberg efecta strain and of isogenic mutant lines in which flowering is delayed (co-2) or sterile flowers are produced (ms7-7) were compared. No difference in the timing of senescence of individual leaves was observed between these lines, indicating that somatic tissue longevity is not governed by reproductive development in this species. To examine the role of differential gene expression in the process of leaf senescence, cDNA clones representing genes that are differentially expressed in senescing tissues were ísolated. Sequence analysis of one such clone indicated homology to previously cloned cysteine proteinases, which is consistent with a role for the product of this gene in nitrogen salvage. RNA gel blot analysis revealed that increased expression of senescence-associated genes is preceded by declines in photosynthesis and in the expression of photosynthesis-associated genes. A model is presented in which it is postulated that leaf senescence is triggered by age-related declines in photosynthetic processes.

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“…Analysis of variance and combined analysis were conducted as previously described (3). An overall LSD (compares between treatments at each sampling time and within treatments across sampling times) was calculated from error B in the split plot design and was included on figures to give a general indication of treatment differences.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Pod Removal on Metabolism and Senescence of Nodulating and Nonnodulating Soybean Isolines

Crafts‐Brandner¹,

Below²,

Harper³

et al. 1984

Plant Physiol.

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ABSTRACFThe objectives ofthis work were to determine the effect ofsink sBtngth (presce or absence of pods) ad nitrogen source (nodulatng nw nnoting pnnts) on enymk activ chlorophyll co tion, and sescence of soybean (GIycl max [L.] Merr. cv Harosoy) isolnes.A 2-year (1981-1962) In a preceding paper (3), we reported changes in metabolic constituent contents and in senescence patterns of whole plants following removal of pods from nodulating and nonnodulating isolines ofsoybean. The objectives ofthis study were to determine the effect of pod removal from nodulating and nonnodulating soybean isolines on senescence as determined by chang in various enzyme and Chl profiles during the seed-filling (normal senescence) period. Specifically, RuBPCase activity, NRA, and Chl concentration in upper-canopy leaves, and acetylene reduction activity in nodules, were determined in 1981 and 1982. In 1982, a separate experiment examined the changes in RuBPCase activity and Chl at different positions within the leaf canopy in response to pod removal.Much of the work on soybean senescence has focused on metabolic changes within selected leaves. It has been established that male-sterile or depodded soybean plants retain green leaves relative to plants with pods (9, 13, 19

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Effects of Pod Removal on Metabolism and Senescence of Nodulating and Nonnodulating Soybean Isolines

Abstract: ABSTRACrField studies were condcted in 1981 and 1982

Cited by 43 publications

References 16 publications

Phosphorus Nutrition Influence on Leaf Senescence in Soybean

Phosphorus Nutrition Influence on Leaf Senescence in Soybean

Developmental and age-related processes that influence the longevity and senescence of photosynthetic tissues in arabidopsis.

Effects of Pod Removal on Metabolism and Senescence of Nodulating and Nonnodulating Soybean Isolines

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