EFFECTS OF POPULATION, ENVIRONMENT AND THEIR INTERACTION ON SASKATOON BERRY (<i>Amelanchier alnifolia</i> Nutt.) SEED GERMINATION

Acharya, S. N.; Chu, C. B.; Hermesh, R.

doi:10.4141/cjps89-037

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…However, the electrical conductivity of the regolith at Vera was almost twice that of P-3 and P-4 (Tables 1 and 3), which may explain the scarce and scattered vegetation there. Although it is possible that plant populations from different badlands have developed differences in their germination patterns (Acharya et al 1989(Acharya et al , 1992Meyer & Monsen 1991), we do not think that these differences are so large and generalized as to invalidate the proposed explanations. For instance, a germination experiment with two levels of electrical conductivity (14.54 and 11.73 ms/cm) showed no differences on either germination rate or speed between seeds of H. stoechas from the Petrer and Monnegre populations (data not shown).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 74%

Limitations to plant establishment on eroded slopes in southeastern Spain

Garcı́a-Fayos

García-Ventoso

Cerdà

2000

J Vegetation Science

109

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Abstract. The possible causes for the lack of vegetation in five badland sites from southeast Spain were experimentally tested. The main factors affecting seed germination and seedling survival considered were seed availability, regolith water dynamics in relation to rain events, regolith salinity, seedling predation by herbivores and seedling removal by erosion. Four issues are addressed: 1. Both rainfall and the temporal and spatial dynamics of regolith water during the seedling emergence period were monitored in five different zones at one site (Petrer, Alicante). 2. Effects of salinity and water potential on the rate and speed of germination of local seeds were determined. 3. Seed reserve and seedling emergence and mortality were followed throughout one season. 4. Regolith characteristics of all five sites were compared and the consequences for plant colonization discussed. The main factor limiting plant colonization in these sites was the very short duration of available water in the soil, due to the physical and chemical characteristics of the regolith. In addition, high regolith salinity and its effects on seed germination, the aspect of the site and the pattern of rain events, played a very important role reducing germination and survival. Herbivory and erosion were seldom responsible for seedling mortality. However, there were no highly erosive rain events during the study period, although several have been measured during the past few years.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 74%

Limitations to plant establishment on eroded slopes in southeastern Spain

Garcı́a-Fayos

García-Ventoso

Cerdà

2000

J Vegetation Science

109

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“…Betweenyear variations in dormancy have been reported at the population level (e.g. Baskin and Baskin, 1975;Acharya et al, 1989;Young et al, 1991;Schmitt et al, 1992;Evans and Cabin, 1995;Meyer et al, 1995;Andersson and Milberg, 1998;Qaderi and Cavers, 2002), but most studies are restricted to a period of 2 years, as in the present study. Estimates of the relative contribution of interannual to total variation in 320 W. Schütz and G. Rave Table 2.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…Estimation of variance components using germination data (arcsin-transformed) of four populations of Carex elongata, harvested in 2 years (1995 and 1996) dormancy are few. In the germination of Amelanchier alnifolia, only 17.8% of the total variance could be assigned to year and population-by-year interactions (Acharya et al, 1989). The importance of the genetic component is less apparent at the level of individuals of C. elongata, although 23% of the total variance was located at the individual level in the first analysis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

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Variation in seed dormancy of the wetland sedge, Carex elongata, between populations and individuals in two consecutive years

Schütz

Rave

2003

Seed Sci. Res.

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Variation in dormancy of the wetland sedge, Carex elongata L., was tested using seeds from three wild populations and the garden-grown progeny of one population. Germination experiments, comprising four combinations of temperature and light, were conducted either with fresh-matured or cold-stratified seeds, to assess the relative contribution of populations and mother plants to the total variation. Between-year variation was tested at the population level and, partly, at the individual level, using seeds collected in two consecutive years. Among-population variation accounted for 72%, and among-individual variation for 23%, of the total variance in the first experiment. Significant differences were apparent between one wild population and its garden-grown descendants. Differences in germinability among populations were maintained in the two consecutive years, but a proportion of the variance was due to the contribution of the maternal environment. Weak evidence for genetic control at the individual level was shown by a correlation across years in one population. However, the lack of a main effect at the individual level in the first experiment makes it difficult to assess the relative contribution of the mother plants to the total variation. Our results imply that germination patterns of C. elongata have a genetic basis, but are markedly modified by environmental conditions.

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“…Genetic variation for environmental sensitivity may be considerable. In Saskatoon berry (Amelanchier alnifolia), population-byyear interaction (indicating population variation for plasticity) accounted for almost 20% of the variation in germination among 27 populations tested in 3 yr (Acharya et al 1989).…”

Section: Further Empirical Approachesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Can Dormancy Affect the Evolution of Post‐Germination Traits? The Case of Lesquerella Fendleri

Evans¹,

Cabin²

1995

Ecology

110

115

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Seed dormancy, which is thought to have evolved in response to unpredictable environmental variability, has led to the existence of seed banks–populations of dormant, viable seeds in the soil. Seed banks are theoretically important to both the demography and genetic structure of plant populations. The presence of seed dormancy can also affect the evolution of traits not directly associated with dormancy and germination. Theoretical models have suggested that the existence of dormancy can influence the rate of evolution of post—germination traits. The eventual outcome (e.g., allele frequencies) may be influenced as well, leading to adaptive syndromes of germination and post—germination traits. Seeds that germinate in different conditions may experience different selective regimes for post—germination traits. If there are trade—offs between the fitness of post—germination traits in different environments, then seeds that germinate in the environment to which their post—germination traits are adapted will be at a selective advantage. If differences in germination and post—germination traits are genetically based, then potentially adaptive genetic correlations between germination and post—germination traits may evolve. We feel that investigating the ecological and evolutionary importance of these correlations requires an empirical approach. As a first step, here we ask whether the conditions necessary for such syndromes to arise exist in a particular plant population. We show that conditions favoring the joint evolution of dormancy and post—germination traits leading to adaptive syndromes exist in the mustard, Lesquerella fendleri, in central New Mexico. First, Lesquerella experiences the sort of variation in environmental conditions that would be expected to lead to adaptive trade—offs in the expression of post—germination traits for individuals that differ in germination traits. Annual precipitation varies greatly from year to year so that germination in drier years would be expected to select for more xerophytic traits. Within a year, microenvironmental spatial variation exists. Lesquerella growth and reproduction are sensitive to both year—to—year and microenvironmental variation. Second, the seed bank can affect both the demographic and genetic structure of the population. Dormant seeds remain viable for at least 3 yr and can mitigate the negative demographic effects of reproductive failure. Allozyme differences exist between seeds that germinate in the field and seeds that remain dormant, suggesting that the evolutionary potential of the aboveground population is influenced by dormancy. Finally, the necessary genetic and environmental variation is present. Both germination percentage and post—germination traits (e.g., leaf morphology) vary among and within populations as well as among environmental treatments. Thus, the potential exists for Lesquerella to respond to selective differences between temporal or spatial environments. We suggest experimental approaches for assessing the extent to which seed dormancy h...

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EFFECTS OF POPULATION, ENVIRONMENT AND THEIR INTERACTION ON SASKATOON BERRY (Amelanchier alnifolia Nutt.) SEED GERMINATION

Abstract: AcHARy,\, S.N., Csu, C.B. ANDHERMESH, R. 1989

Cited by 9 publications

References 6 publications

Limitations to plant establishment on eroded slopes in southeastern Spain

Limitations to plant establishment on eroded slopes in southeastern Spain

Variation in seed dormancy of the wetland sedge, Carex elongata, between populations and individuals in two consecutive years

Can Dormancy Affect the Evolution of Post‐Germination Traits? The Case of Lesquerella Fendleri

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