Effects of pre-treatment with S-nitrosoglutathione-chitosan nanoparticles on quality and antioxidant systems of fresh-cut apple slices

Multifunctional Role of Chitosan Edible Coatings on Antioxidant Systems in Fruit Crops: A Review

“…1.11.1.7) and represents the frontline defense antioxidants. SOD is the first ROS scavenging enzyme which catalyzes the dismutation of O 2 into H 2 O 2 and molecular oxygen (O 2 ) through a cyclic oxidation–reduction electron-transfer mechanism [ 32 ]. H 2 O 2 is detoxified by CAT and APX, belonging two different classes of H 2 O 2 -scavenging enzymes with different affinities to the substrate.…”

“…In fact, in CS/nano-silica treated loquat a reduction around ~35% and ~69% in the O 2 •− and H 2 O 2 content has been observed [ 37 ], while in mango and nectarine coated with high MW CS a significant reduction ( p ≤ 0.05) in H 2 O 2 content has been registered [ 8 , 38 ]. Similarly, H 2 O 2 , O 2 − and OH content, in apple slices treated with S-nitrosoglutathione-CS nanoparticles (GSNO-CS NPs) represented 50.20%, 48.67%, and 27.63% of that in the control after 4 days of cold storage, respectively [ 32 , 39 ] showed that GSNO-CS NPs coated sweet cherry contained a significantly lower level of ROS content at the end of storage. Similarly, in CS-based coated majiayou pummelo the H 2 O 2 and O 2 − content were lower than control of 25.4% and 19.2%, respectively [ 40 ].…”

“…Cinnamon oil in the microcapsules of the CS coating possessed antioxidant properties, and its volatilization inhibited the oxidative breakdown of AA, maintaining a high AA content and a low DHA content compared to control in coated mango [ 19 ]. GSNO-CS NPs have been realized by S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO) incorporation into CS coating and used to preserve sweet cherries and fresh-cut apple slices quality during cold storage [ 32 , 39 ]. GSNO-CS NPs may regulate both indirect and direct the AA-GSH cycle known as the indirect antioxidant system in apple slices and sweet cherry with an increase in AA and a decrease in DHA content compared to control [ 32 , 39 ].…”

“…GSNO-CS NPs have been realized by S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO) incorporation into CS coating and used to preserve sweet cherries and fresh-cut apple slices quality during cold storage [ 32 , 39 ]. GSNO-CS NPs may regulate both indirect and direct the AA-GSH cycle known as the indirect antioxidant system in apple slices and sweet cherry with an increase in AA and a decrease in DHA content compared to control [ 32 , 39 ]. Furthermore, CSNPs are loaded with Satureja hortensis essential oil and their efficacy as a coating layer have been tested on pomegranate arils quality.…”

“…S-nitrosoglutathione-CS nanoparticles significantly increased the content of TP in apple slices, compared with the control across virtually all examined time points, especially on day 2 ( p < 0.05) and day 4 ( p < 0.05) of storage [ 32 ].…”