Effects of Preferred vs. Nonpreferred Music on Resistance Exercise Performance

Ballmann, Christopher G.; McCullum, Marquis J.; Rogers, Rebecca R.; Marshall, Mallory M.; Williams, Tyler D.

doi:10.1519/jsc.0000000000002981

Cited by 49 publications

(124 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…The preferred characteristics were chosen for two main reasons. First, studies have demonstrated their ergogenic effect on exercise [ 16 , 18 , 75 , 76 ], and this model matches our aims. Second, athletes and/or merely active subjects routinely use preferred music during exercise [ 8 , 76 – 80 ]; therefore, our results have relevant practical applications.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

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Effects of preferred music on physiological responses, perceived exertion, and anaerobic threshold determination in an incremental running test on both sexes

et al. 2020

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This study aimed to investigate and compare the effects of preferred music on anaerobic threshold determination in an incremental running test, as well the physiological responses and perceived exertion at this intensity, in physically active men and women. Additionally, by using area under the curve (AUC) analysis of the parameters of interest during the graded test, we studied the effects of music at two physiological moments—before and after anaerobic threshold intensity (iAT)—in men and women. Twenty (men = 10; women = 10) healthy and active participants completed four visits to the laboratory. The first and second sessions were used for sample characterization. In the third and fourth sessions, participants performed an incremental running test (started at 7 km.h -1 with increments of 1 km.h -1 at each 3-minute stage) under preferred music and non-music conditions. Blood lactate ([Lac]), heart rate (HR), and perceived exertion were measured by two scales (RPE Borg and the estimation of time limit ‒ ETL) during all tests, and the total time of effort (TT) was considered as performance. Individual curves of the “ intensity vs blood lactate ” analyzed by the bissegmentation method provide the iAT and the AUC of [Lac], HR, RPE Borg , and ETL before and after the iAT attainment were calculated. The iAT for men (non-music: 11.5±0.9km.h -1 vs music: 11.6±1.1km.h -1 ) and women (non-music: 9.8±0.7km.h -1 vs music: 9.7±0.7km.h -1 ) was not affected by music, and for both sexes, there was no difference between non-music and music conditions in all variables obtained at iAT. The AUC of all variables were not affected by music before the iAT attainment. However, [Lac], HR, and RPE Borg presented higher values of AUC after iAT for the female group with preferred music. This may be due to the fact that 70% of women have increased TT under music conditions. Overall, preferred music did not affect the iAT determination in an incremental running test. However, some physiological responses and perceived exertion after iAT of female subjects seems to be influenced by preferred music.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

“…The effect of music on perceived exertion during exercise is one of the most discussed [ 8 , 16 , 18 , 19 , 67 , 75 , 78 ]. Nakamura et al [ 16 ] showed that preferred music increases cycling distance performed at high intensity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of preferred music on physiological responses, perceived exertion, and anaerobic threshold determination in an incremental running test on both sexes

et al. 2020

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“…Music is an external source that serves as an ergogenic aid in a wide arrange of exercise modes and intensities [1,2,3]. Although the exact mechanisms for improvements in performance while listening to music are debated, much of the previous evidence suggests that music dissociates focus from exertion during exercise.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Indeed, ratings of perceived exertion (RPE) during exercise have been shown to decrease with music by multiple groups [4,5]. Additionally, other evidence has shown changes in mood, motivation, heat rate, and arousal, which may also cause increases in performance [1,6,7]. Music preference has shown to be an important factor in determining the ergogenic potential of music [1,2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Listening to Preferred versus Non-Preferred Music on Repeated Wingate Anaerobic Test Performance

Ballmann

Maynard

Lafoon

et al. 2019

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The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of listening to preferred or non-preferred music on repeated sprint performance. Fourteen physically active males (ages 18–25 years) were recruited for this study. In a counterbalanced crossover study design, participants completed two separate visits. During each visit, participants listened to either preferred or non-preferred music and completed 3 × 15 s Wingate Anaerobic Tests (WAnTs) separated by 2 min active recovery periods. Each visit was separated by a minimal recovery period of 48 h. Anaerobic performance measures, heart rate, rate of perceived exertion (RPE), and motivation were analyzed. Mean power (p = 0.846, effect size (ES) = 0.019), anaerobic capacity (p = 0.686, ES = 0.058), and total work (p = 0.677, ES = 0.039) were not significantly different between preferred and non-preferred music conditions. Mean heart rate (p = 0.608; ES = 0.125) was also unchanged. Motivation to exercise (p < 0.001; ES = 1.520) was significantly higher in the preferred music condition. Additionally, the rate of perceived exertion (RPE) (p = 0.028; ES = 0.540) was significantly lower during the preferred music condition. Our results show that listening to preferred music showed no ergogenic benefit during repeated anaerobic cycling sprints when compared to non-preferred music. However, preferred music increased motivation to exercise and decreased perceived exertion. The results from this study could hold important implications for the application of music and enduring repeated high-intensity sprint exercise.

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“…Especially preferred music is hypothesized to alter ones focus to external information (i.e., music) rather than focusing on discomfort and fatigue. 8 Other studies have further reported changes in mood and motivation levels when music is combined with endurance exercise, which may also lead to increased performance. 9 Another possible mechanism by which music may be beneficial is optimization of arousal during tasks.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Classical but Not Rap Music Significantly Improves Transferability and Long-Term Acquisition of Laparoscopic Suturing Skills: A Randomized Controlled Trial

et al. 2020

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Introduction Acoustic distractions have been shown to increase the level of stress and workload in the operating room (OR). Noise significantly reduces surgical performance, but experienced surgeons are able to reduce the acoustic perception of their surroundings to maintain a high level of performance in complex surgical tasks. However, music has been shown to improve learning and performance of complex motor skills. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of music on transferability and long-term acquisition of laparoscopic suturing skills. Materials and Methods To evaluate the effects of music on training, subjects were asked to perform four surgeon's square knots on a bowel model within 30 minutes—prior and post 3 hours of hands-on training. To examine long-term skills, the same students were asked to perform a comparable, but more complex, task (four slip knots in a model of esophageal atresia) 6 months post initial training, as a follow-up measurement. Total time, knot stability (evaluated via tensiometer), suture accuracy, knot quality (Muresan scale), and laparoscopic performance (Munz checklist) were assessed. Results Twenty-four students were included in the study; after simple randomization, 16 were trained while exposed to music (eight to Bach and eight to Bushido) and eight with traditional methods. Seven were lost due to follow-up. Both groups had comparable baseline characteristics and significantly improved after training, in all parameters assessed in this study. Subjects that trained with classical music were superior in terms of speed (p = 0.006), knot quality (p = 0.014), and procedural performance (p = 0.034) compared with controls. Conclusion Music during acquisition of complex motor skills, like laparoscopic suturing and knot tying, is superior to traditional training. Especially music considered nondisturbing significantly improved speed, knot quality, and performance. Thus, incorporation of pleasant music into surgical skills training and the OR should be considered.

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Effects of Preferred vs. Nonpreferred Music on Resistance Exercise Performance

Cited by 49 publications

References 36 publications

Effects of preferred music on physiological responses, perceived exertion, and anaerobic threshold determination in an incremental running test on both sexes

Effects of preferred music on physiological responses, perceived exertion, and anaerobic threshold determination in an incremental running test on both sexes

Effects of Listening to Preferred versus Non-Preferred Music on Repeated Wingate Anaerobic Test Performance

Classical but Not Rap Music Significantly Improves Transferability and Long-Term Acquisition of Laparoscopic Suturing Skills: A Randomized Controlled Trial

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