Effects of prenatal cocaine exposure on child behavior and growth at 10years of age

Abstract

We examined physical growth and behavioral outcomes in 226 10-year-old children who were participants in a longitudinal study of prenatal cocaine exposure (PCE), while controlling for other factors that affect development. During the first trimester, 42% of the women used cocaine, with use declining across pregnancy. At the 10-year follow-up, the caregivers were 37 years old, had 12.8 years of education, and 50% were African American. First trimester cocaine exposure predicted decreased weight, height, and head circumference at 10 years. First trimester cocaine use also predicted maternal ratings of less sociability on the EAS Temperament Survey and more withdrawn behavior problems on the Child Behavior Checklist, more anxious/depressed behaviors on the Teacher Report Form, and more self-reported depressive symptoms on the Children’s Depression Inventory. In addition, exposure to violence mediated the effect of PCE on child and teacher reports of depressive symptoms, but not of maternal reports of sociability and withdrawn behaviors. These behaviors may be precursors of later psychiatric problems.

Developmental Consequences of Fetal Exposure to Drugs: What We Know and What We Still Must Learn

“…Growth restriction among prenatal cocaine exposure children has been documented to continue well past infancy (Minnes et al, 2006) and may persist in children as old as 10 years of age (Covington et al, 2002;Richardson et al, 2013). While consistency exists in the reports of reduced fetal growth and development, some follow-up studies at later ages have suggested catch-up growth.…”

Cocaína prenatal y consumo de cocaína de ratones adultos jóvenes

“…La EPC perturba el desarrollo de los procesos biológicos y sumada a un ambiente adverso, tanto intrauterino como posnatal, produce diversas alteraciones en el PSICOLOGÍA http://dx.doi.org/10.21615/cesp.10.1.5 desarrollo físico (Eyler et al, 2009;Lambert & Bauer, 2012;Morrow et al, 2009); cognoscitivo -atención, aprendizaje/memoria, lenguaje- (Henry et al, 2007;Magri et al, 2007;Morrow et al, 2009;Linares et al, 2006), y emocional (Coleman et al, 2014;Davis & Pfaff, 2014;Haagen, 2014;Lucantonio, Stalnaker, Shaham, Niv, & Schoenbaum, 2012;Moisiadis & Matthews, 2014;Richardson, Goldschmidt, Larkby, & Day, 2013), que persisten a lo largo de la vida.…”

“…Existen numerosos estudios que muestran que los descendientes de padres adictos tienen alta probabilidad de llegar a ser adictos en la adolescencia o juventud temprana, tanto en animales como en humanos (Estelles et al, 2006;Glantz & Chambers, 2006;Malanga et al, 2007;Minnes et al, 2014;Richardson et al, 2013;Rocha et al, 2002).…”

“…Desde este modelo se ha encontrado que la EPC aumenta la vulneExisten numerosos estudios que muestran que los descendientes de padres adictos tienen alta probabilidad de llegar a ser adictos en la adolescencia o juventud temprana, tanto en animales como en humanos (Estelles et al, 2006;Glantz & Chambers, 2006;Malanga et al, 2007;Minnes et al, 2014;Richardson et al, 2013;Rocha et al, 2002). rabilidad a la posterior autoadministración de cocaína, y de anfetaminas en ratas, y ratones adultos (Estelles et al, 2006(Estelles et al, , 2006bHutchings, Fico, & Dow-Edwards, 1989;Lyon & McClure, 1994;Malanga, Ren, Guerriero, & Kosofsky, 2009;Riley & Foss, 1991;Vorhees et al, 1995), e incrementa las conductas estereotipadas como respuesta a la cocaína (Peris, Coleman-Hardee, & Millard, 1992).…”

Cocaína durante la gestación y conducta materna postparto en ratones

“…Los hijos de madres adictas a la cocaína presentan numerosas alteraciones en áreas emocionales, cognitivas, motrices y conductuales, tales como la ansiedad o la depresión, dificultades en la respuesta del estrés, problemas en la regulación afectiva, inestabilidad, irritabilidad, déficit atencional, desorden desafiante oposicional, labilidad, anorexia y vulnerabilidad al consumo de drogas (Ackerman, Riggins & Black, 2010;Bennett, Bendersky & Lewis, 2007;Coleman, Liu, Oguz, Styner & Crews, 2014;Chaplin et al, 2014;Hancock & Grant, 2009;Kippin, Campbell, Ploense, Knight & Bagley, 2015;Lambert & Bauer, 2012;Lester et al, 2012;Lucantonio, Stalnaker, Shaham, Niv & Schoenbaum, 2012;Minnes et al, 2014;Richardson, Goldschmidt, Larkby & Day, 2013;Sinha, 2008).…”