Effects of prenatal stress on stress-induced changes in behavior and macrophage activity of mice

Fonseca, E; Massoco, Cristina de Oliveira; Palermo-Neto, João

doi:10.1016/s0031-9384(02)00812-0

Cited by 53 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…We observed that the overcrowding stress decreased the intensity of macrophage phagocytosis in the chickens of Group POv. Other results obtained in our laboratory revealed that different stressors such as footshock, chemical stressors and individual housing decreased the macrophage activity in mice (Fonseca et al, 2002;Palermo-Neto et al, 2003Quinteiro-Filho et al, 2009;Costa-Pinto & Palermo-Neto, 2010). In broiler chickens, we observed that heat stress decreased the macrophage oxidative burst (Quinteiro-Filho et al, 2010); this finding was linked to the observed increase of Salmonella migration to the spleen of heat-stressed chickens (Quinteiro-Filho et al, 2012a).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 67%

Overcrowding stress decreases macrophage activity and increasesSalmonellaEnteritidis invasion in broiler chickens

et al. 2014

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Overcrowding stress is a reality in the poultry industry. Chickens exposed to long-term stressful situations present a reduction of welfare and immunosuppression. We designed this experiment to analyse the effects from overcrowding stress of 16 birds/m 2 on performance parameters, serum corticosterone levels, the relative weight of the bursa of Fabricius, plasma IgA and IgG levels, intestinal integrity, macrophage activity and experimental Salmonella Enteritidis invasion. The results of this study indicate that overcrowding stress decreased performance parameters, induced enteritis and decreased macrophage activity and the relative bursa weight in broiler chickens. When the chickens were similarly stressed and infected with Salmonella Enteritidis, there was an increase in feed conversion and a decrease in plasma IgG levels in the stressed and Salmonella-infected birds. We observed moderate enteritis throughout the duodenum of chickens stressed and infected with Salmonella. The overcrowding stress decreased the macrophage phagocytosis intensity and increased Salmonella Enteritidis counts in the livers of birds challenged with the pathogenic bacterium. Overcrowding stress via the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis that is associated with an increase in corticosterone and enteritis might influence the quality of the intestinal immune barrier and the integrity of the small intestine. This effect allowed pathogenic bacteria to migrate through the intestinal mucosa, resulting in inflammatory infiltration and decreased nutrient absorption. The data strengthen the hypothesis that control of the welfare of chickens and avoidance of stress from overcrowding in poultry production are relevant factors for the maintenance of intestinal integrity, performance and decreased susceptibility to Salmonella infection.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 67%

Overcrowding stress decreases macrophage activity and increasesSalmonellaEnteritidis invasion in broiler chickens

et al. 2014

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“…During pregnancy stress may influence the function of the porcine placenta and corpora lutea, which are steroidogenic tissues involved in the maintenance of pregnancy [4,5]. Moreover, prenatal stress may exert lasting effects on gonadal function, behaviour, regulation of the HPA axis and on immuno-competence of the offspring [6][7][8][9]. Stress related effects on developing fetuses and on coming reproductive function of offspring may differ between various periods of the pregnancy and the ongoing differentiation of the f e t a l r e p r o d u c t i v e t r a c t [ 1 0 -1 2 ] .…”

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confidence: 99%

Alteration of Reproductive Hormone Levels in Pregnant Sows Induced by Repeated ACTH Application and Its Possible Influence on Pre- and Post-natal Hormone Secretion of Piglets

Brüssow¹,

Schneider²,

Kanitz

et al. 2005

Journal of Reproduction and Development

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Abstract. Prenatal stress has been seen as a reason for reproductive failures in pig offspring mostly originated or mediated by changed maternal functions. Experiments were conducted in pregnant gilts (n=32) to characterize effects of elevated maternal glucocorticoids on the secretion of reproductive hormones (LH, progesterone) during the 1 st (EXP 1), 2 nd (EXP 2) and 3 rd (EXP 3) trimester of pregnancy (TP). Transiently elevated cortisol release was repeatedly achieved by application of 100 IU adenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) (Synacthen Depot®) six times every second day beginning either on day 28 (EXP 1), day 49 (EXP 2) or day 75 of pregnancy (EXP 3). Glucocorticoid concentrations were examined in umbilical blood vessels of fetuses which mothers were subjected to ACTH at 2 nd and 3 rd TP (EXP 4). Furthermore, the pituitary function of newborn piglets of EXP 2 was checked by a LH-RH challenge test. In sows, LH concentrations were at low basal level (0.1-0.2 ng/ ml) but with pulsatory release pattern during each TP. The number of LH pulses/6 h (LSM ± SE) of saline treated Controls increased with ongoing pregnancy and decreased to the 3 rd TP (1.3 ± 0.2 in EXP 1 vs. 2.0 ± 0.1 in EXP 2 vs. 1.4 ± 0.1 in EXP 3, p<0.05). After ACTH treatment the number of LH pulses left unchanged in Experiments 1 and 2 (1.3 ± 0.2 and 1.5 ± 0.1) and decreased in EXP 3 (0.8 ± 0.2, p<0.05). Differences (p<0.05) were obtained comparing the LH pulse number of ACTH and saline treated sows at the 2 nd and 3 rd TP. Moreover, areas under the curve (AUC) of each LH pulse and of LH over baseline were significantly reduced by treatment. Levels of progesterone increased (p<0.05) for 150 to 170 min after each ACTH application both in EXP 1 and EXP 2, but not in EXP 3. The mean progesterone concentration was different between trimesters, and ACTH and Controls (1 st TP: 30.0 ± 0.9 and 24.4 ± 0.7 ng/ml; 2 nd TP: 35.5 ± 0.9 and 29.1 ± 1.0 ng/ml; 3 rd TP: 13.6 ± 0.2 and 13.1 ± 0.1 ng/ml; p<0.05). In fetuses (n=87) recovered 3 h after ACTH or saline (EXP 4), the plasma cortisol concentrations were significantly increased in umbilical vein (93.7 ± 5.5 vs. 47.0 ± 5.3 nmol/l) and artery (95.7 ± 5.4 vs. 66.4 ± 5.4 nmol/l), and in periphery (46.8 ± 5.3 vs. 27.1 ± 5.3 nmol/l) compared to controls. Plasma ACTH concentrations, however, did not differ in fetuses of both treatment groups. Postnatal LH-RH challenge tests (1 st and 28 th day post partum) induced LH surges in female piglets (n=67) both of ACTH and saline treated sows, but did not differ between groups (1 st day: 7.2 ± 0.8 vs. 8.1 ± 0.7 ng/ml; 28 th day: 10.5 ± 1.7 vs. 13.6 ± 2.2 ng/ml). However, basal LH of piglets whose mothers were submitted to ACTH during 2 nd TP was lower on 1 st day (1.7 ± 0.2 vs. 2.3 ± 0.2 ng/ml, p<0.05) but not on 28 th day (1.0 ± 0.2 vs. 1.1 ± 0.2 ng/ml). However in both groups, the basal LH was always higher on 1 st as on 28 th day (p<0.05). Thus, chronic intermittent ACTH administration is able to influence the release pattern of maternal reproductive hormones. However, ...

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“…Diversos trabalhos mostraram a influência de um estresse pré-natal nos níveis de ansiedade da prole observada no campo aberto ou no labirinto em cruz elevado (FONSECA; MASSOCO; PALERMO-NETO, 2002;LEHMANN;FELDON, 2000;FAVARE, 2001;SZURAN et al, 1991). Na maior parte destes experimentos, foi bem caracterizado o efeito ansiogênico resultante da exposição ao estresse in utero.…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

Participação do sistema opioidérgico e dos glicocorticóides nas alterações comportamentais e da imunidade inata induzidas na prole pelo estresse pré-natal

Fonseca¹

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Participação do sistema opioidérgico e dos glicocorticóides nas alterações comportamentais e da imunidade inata induzidas na prole pelo estresse pré-natalDue to its rapid growth, the fetus is particularly vulnerable to insults and the attendant changes in its hormonal milieu. This led to the suggestion that adverse life situations experienced by the pregnant mother can induce alterations in the fetal environment and result in deleterious effects on the rate of development and health of the child. In view of the considerable methodological difficulties in assessing the impact of the stress on human mothers, and evaluating its effects on the development and behavior of their children, much of our information about sequelae from gestational stress has been derived from studies in experimental animals. That was the objective of this study, taking into account the required grounds for reasonable comparisons. We particularly aimed the effects of prenatal stress applied from gestational day (GD) 15 to GD19 on behavior, immunological parameters, levels of corticosterone and testosterone and brain neurochemistry of male and female Swiss mice offspring, on post natal day 30. We also study the effects of naloxone (opioid antagonist) and of metyrapone (corticosterone synthesis inhibitor), both applied before prenatal stress, on parameters described above. The results of this work showed that: 1) prenatal stress increased total locomotion in males evaluated in an open field and naloxone treatment before stress prevented this effect; 2) prenatal stress and metyrapone injection increased anxiety levels of male and female offspring. Metyrapone injection before prenatal stress prevented this effect; 3) naloxone, alone or associated to prenatal stress, decreased oxidative burst of blood neutrophils in male and female pups. On the other hand, in female offspring naloxone alone increased blood neutrophil phagocytosis; 4) prenatal stress decreased phagocytosis of peritoneal macrophage and naloxone before stress prevented this effect; 5) prenatal stress decreased oxidative burst and phagocytosis of peritoneal macrophage in female pups and naloxone treatment before stress prevented this effect; 6) prenatal stress decreased corticosterone serum levels in male offspring and naloxone treatment, alone or associated to stress increased it. 7) In female pups, prenatal stress increased corticosterone serum levels and metyrapone before stress prevented this alteration; 8) gestational stress increased Nor turnover in male and female offspring; 9) naloxone increased DA turnover only in male offspring; 10) metyrapone treatment increased DA turnover in male and female offspring; 11) prenatal stress, naloxone or metyrapone treatment had different effects on male and female offspring. Altogether, these findings show that prenatal stress has relevant effects on animal development; these effects last until adulthood. The results also show that many of prenatal stress effects can be prevented by naloxone or metyrapone, and suggests that the opioid sys...

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Effects of prenatal stress on stress-induced changes in behavior and macrophage activity of mice

Cited by 53 publications

References 63 publications

Overcrowding stress decreases macrophage activity and increasesSalmonellaEnteritidis invasion in broiler chickens

Overcrowding stress decreases macrophage activity and increasesSalmonellaEnteritidis invasion in broiler chickens

Alteration of Reproductive Hormone Levels in Pregnant Sows Induced by Repeated ACTH Application and Its Possible Influence on Pre- and Post-natal Hormone Secretion of Piglets

Participação do sistema opioidérgico e dos glicocorticóides nas alterações comportamentais e da imunidade inata induzidas na prole pelo estresse pré-natal

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