Effects of Prepartum Dietary Energy Level and Nicotinic Acid Supplementation on Immunological, Hematological and Biochemical Parameters of Periparturient Dairy Cows Differing in Parity

Abstract

Simple SummarySeveral biological changes occur during the transition from late pregnancy to early lactation which is associated with a high susceptibility of health disorders. Nicotinic acid, as feed additive, is suggested to balance catabolic metabolism of periparturient dairy cows by attenuating lipolysis and impact production performance. This study provides information of the biological changes occurring around parturition with special emphasis on differences between primiparous and multiparous cows. Present results showed that energy-dense feeding prepartum did not result in metabolic imbalances postpartum in dairy cows which were similar in body condition score. Nicotinic acid supplementation did not reveal any effect.AbstractThe periparturient period is critical according to health, productivity and profitability. As this period is fundamental for the success of the lactation period, the interest in improving periparturient health by dietary supplements increased in recent years. The present study investigated the effects of feeding nicotinic acid (NA) combined with varying dietary energy densities on immunological, hematological and biochemical parameters of periparturient cows differing in parity. Thirty-six multiparous and 20 primiparous dairy cows were enrolled in the study 42 days before expected parturition date until 100 days postpartum with the half of the cows being supplemented with 24 g of NA/d. After parturition a diet with 30% concentrate was fed to all cows which was followed by different concentrate escalation strategies. Dietary NA supplementation was ceased on day 24 postpartum. Dietary NA increased (P = 0.010) serum nicotinamide concentrations (mean of 3.35 ± 1.65 µg/mL), whereas NA could not be detected. Present data emphasize that periparturient cows are faced with major physiological challenges and that both parity-groups have different prerequisites to adapt to those changes irrespective of NA supplementation. The overfeeding of energy to cows which were similar in body condition score had only minor effects on periparturient immune system function and the metabolism of those cows.

Haematological, clinical–chemical and immunological consequences of feeding Fusarium toxin contaminated diets to early lactating dairy cows

“…Thus, early lactating cows seem to be in an immunologically more dysregulated T cell balance compared to later stages of lactation. This finding is in general agreement with recent findings in transition cows (Schulz et al 2015, Tienken et al 2015) but contrasts another experiment where time and treatment (body condition score, monensin, essential oils) around calving influenced the CD4+/CD8+ ratio in an interactive manner (Drong et al 2016). A successive increase in dietary energy concentration resulted in a significant decrease of the CD4+/CD8+ ratio from 2.5 to 2.1 in non-gravid and non-lactating cows (Dänicke et al 2016).…”

Spectroscopic (IR, Raman) and thermogravimetric studies of 3d-metal cinchomeronates and dinicotinates

“…Pyridinecarboxylic acids (picolinic, nicotinic and isonicotinic) are biologically important ligands incorporated into some enzymes, and they are active agents in some drugs as well [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18]. In our previous work, we examined the effect of different metals (alkali [19][20][21], alkaline earth [22], 3d-metals [23]) on the electronic system of pyridinecarboxylic acids.…”

Effects of energy supply and nicotinic acid supplementation on serum anti‐oxidative capacity and on expression of oxidative stress‐related genes in blood leucocytes of periparturient primi‐ and pluriparous dairy cows

“…Data on feed intake, milk yield, NA and NAM serum concentrations have been previously published (Tienken, Kersten, Frahm, Huther, et al., ; Tienken, Kersten, Frahm, Meyer, et al., ). Briefly summarised, prepartum DMI was 13.2 ± 0.3 kg/day for LC animals and 15.1 ± 0.3 kg/day for HC animals, whereas it did not differ significantly in the lactation period (17.0 ± 0.4 kg/day, LC; 16.7 ± 0.3 kg/day, HC) (Tienken, Kersten, Frahm, Meyer, et al., ).…”