Effects of Principals Instructional Supervisory Practices on Students Academic Performance in Public Secondary Schools in Machakos County, Kenya

Abstract

Instructional Supervision Practices and Students' Performance: Instructional supervisory practices are procedures employed by principals to guide teachers on effective teaching and learning process. These practices include peer teaching among teachers, classroom observation by principals, checking teachers' professional documents and mentoring among teachers. In a study on instructional supervisory practices and teachers' role effectiveness in Calabar south local government area of cross river state, Nigeria, Anike, Eyiene and Egbai (2015) who used ex post facto design and sampled principals and teachers established that, there is a positive significant correlation between instructional supervisory practices and teachers' role effectiveness. In that regard, there was a need for this study to explore the role of instructional supervisory practices on learners' classroom achievements in Kenyan context thus revealing the pattern of supervisory practices in the study locale.Several studies in Kenya have demonstrated limited implementation of principals' supervisory practices like