“…The further development results were interactive electronic instructional books (Asrowi et al, 2019;Ebied and Rahman, 2015;Lim et al, 2020;and Pujiastuti and Haryadi, 2019). E-books were also combined with several learning strategies or conditions, such as problemsolving strategy-based e-books (Huang et al, 2018), concept maps-based e-books (Hwang et al, 2017), ARCS-based e-books (Turel and Sanal, 2018), hypermedia-based e-books (Awaludin et al, 2019), multi-representation-based e-books (Rasmawan, 2020), web 2.0-based e-books (Ibrahim and Alqahtani, 2018), and smartphone-based e-books (Hasbiyati et al, 2019;Muqarrobin and Kuswanto, 2016).…”