“…However, despite strong research efforts from the past two decades (i.e., adopting various high-pressure reactor designs (plug flow tubular, fluidized bed, and autoclave reactors), homogeneous, and heterogeneous catalysis), the hydrothermal processing of waste is still an immature technology at a low technological readiness level (TRL) . Large-scale commercialization requires advancements in different areas, such as (i) maintaining robust operation by reducing the negative effects of reactor plugging and corrosion, (ii) mapping process integration and intensification possibilities to lower energy requirements, and (iii) gathering critical know-how on fuel gas valorization strategies yielding high-value products.…”