Effects of pulsed electromagnetic field (PEMF) stimulation on bone tissue like formation are dependent on the maturation stages of the osteoblasts

Abstract

The effects of pulsed electromagnetic field (PEMF, 15 Hz pulse burst, 7 mT peak) stimulation on bone tissue-like formation on osteoblasts (MC3T3-E1 cell line) in different stages of maturation were assessed to determine whether the PEMF stimulatory effect on bone tissue-like formation was associated with the increase in the number of cells and/or with the enhancement of the cellular differentiation. The cellular proliferation (DNA content), differentiation (alkaline phosphatase activity), and bone tissue-like formation (area of mineralized matrix) were determined at different time points. PEMF treatment of osteoblasts in the active proliferation stage accelerated cellular proliferation, enhanced cellular differentiation, and increased bone tissue-like formation. PEMF treatment of osteoblasts in the differentiation stage enhanced cellular differentiation and increased bone tissue-like formation. PEMF treatment of osteoblasts in the mineralization stage decreased bone tissue-like formation. In conclusion, PEMF had a stimulatory effect on the osteoblasts in the early stages of culture, which increased bone tissue-like formation. This stimulatory effect was most likely associated with enhancement of the cellular differentiation, but not with the increase in the number of cells.

Pulsed electromagnetic fields enhance BMP‐2 dependent osteoblastic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells

“…10,11 Pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMF) alter expression of c-myc and c-fos in osteoblastlike MG63 cells, 12 suggesting that cell cycle regulation is a target. Neonatal mouse calvarial bone cells respond to long-term exposure to PEMF with increased proliferation at early times, but no change in differentiation, 13 supporting this hypothesis.…”

Magnetic field strength properties in bone marrow during pulsed electromagnetic stimulation

“…However, such clinical success contrasts with negative reports regarding the effects of pulsed magnetic stimulation on cellular proliferation, differentiation and mineralization of osteoblasts in vitro [1,2]. Differences in response to biophysical factors seemed to depend on the specific conditions of pulsed magnetic stimulation, e.g., stimulation intensity, frequency, exposure time and stage of osteoblast maturation [3]. In particular, stimulation intensity depends on stimulator output, distance and position [4,5].…”

Can Histological and Histomorphometrical Changes be Induced in Rat Mandibular Condyle Following Ovariectomy and Long-Term Extremely Low Frequency Magnetic Field Exposure?

“…The studies regarding the biological effects of magnetic fields have intensified with the increasing use of electronic technology, high voltage power transmission, and magnetic resonance imaging in modern society ( (4,9,10,24). Despite the increasingly accumulating knowledge on the biological effects of magnetic fields on osteoporosis both in human and experimental animals and the data indicating an association between osteoporosis and tooth loss, no information was found about the histologic and histomorphometric changes that may take place in the condyle of overectomized rats exposed to extremely low frequency magnetic field (ELF-MF).…”