Effects of radiation on endothelial barrier and vascular integrity

Bouten, Roxane M.; Young, Erik F.; Selwyn, Reed; Iacono, Diego; Rittase, W. Bradley; Day, Regina M.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-818561-2.00007-2

Cited by 9 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 262 publications

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“…On 28 December 1895, Wilhelm von Rȍntgen submitted the first radiographic image of Rȍntgen’s wife’s hand to the Proceedings of the Würzburg Physical-Medical Society [ 2 ]. This image documented the characteristic of X-rays that could pass through soft tissues but were attenuated by dense tissues such as bone and metal [ 1 , 2 , 4 ]. Within the first year of this revelation there were more than 1000 published scientific articles and 49 books on the topic of X-rays [ 2 ].…”

Section: Medical Applications For High- and Low-let Radiationmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…It was at first thought that X-ray exposure to patients (and physicians) carried a low risk of injury, but it was soon found that there was a significant risk for radiation-induced tissue injury, including skin burns, tissue dysfunction, and the induction of cancer at high doses [ 2 , 4 ]. Concerns regarding the induction of cancer mutations by radiation exposure during medical imaging have led to the development of techniques with reduced radiation as well as the combination of radiation imaging with non-radiation techniques such as magnetic resonance imaging [ 1 ].…”

Section: Medical Applications For High- and Low-let Radiationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…With increased use of radiation for the eradication of cancer cells, it was soon determined that effective cancer treatment had to be coupled with protection of normal tissues from the collateral damage of radiotherapy [ 4 , 100 ]. A variety of techniques have since been developed for protecting normal tissues, including fractionated dosing, shielding, collimation, and stereotactic delivery of the radiation.…”

Section: Medical Applications For High- and Low-let Radiationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The initial discovery of radiation energy occurred in the 1890s, with almost simultaneous reports from Wilhelm Konrad von Rȍntgen, A. Henri Becquerel, and Marie Sklodowska Curie and her husband Pierre Curie (1895–1898) [ 1 , 2 , 3 ]. Almost immediately following its discovery, radiation began to be put into use for medical imaging as well as for clinical treatments [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 ]. Ionizing radiation is defined as short wavelength, high-frequency energy produced by natural or artificial sources, that when interacting with matter is capable of producing ions at the molecular level [ 5 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Comparison of the Medical Uses and Cellular Effects of High and Low Linear Energy Transfer Radiation

Russ

Davis

Slaven

et al. 2022

Toxics

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Exposure to ionizing radiation can occur during medical treatments, from naturally occurring sources in the environment, or as the result of a nuclear accident or thermonuclear war. The severity of cellular damage from ionizing radiation exposure is dependent upon a number of factors including the absorbed radiation dose of the exposure (energy absorbed per unit mass of the exposure), dose rate, area and volume of tissue exposed, type of radiation (e.g., X-rays, high-energy gamma rays, protons, or neutrons) and linear energy transfer. While the dose, the dose rate, and dose distribution in tissue are aspects of a radiation exposure that can be varied experimentally or in medical treatments, the LET and eV are inherent characteristics of the type of radiation. High-LET radiation deposits a higher concentration of energy in a shorter distance when traversing tissue compared with low-LET radiation. The different biological effects of high and low LET with similar energies have been documented in vivo in animal models and in cultured cells. High-LET results in intense macromolecular damage and more cell death. Findings indicate that while both low- and high-LET radiation activate non-homologous end-joining DNA repair activity, efficient repair of high-LET radiation requires the homologous recombination repair pathway. Low- and high-LET radiation activate p53 transcription factor activity in most cells, but high LET activates NF-kB transcription factor at lower radiation doses than low-LET radiation. Here we review the development, uses, and current understanding of the cellular effects of low- and high-LET radiation exposure.

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Section: Medical Applications For High- and Low-let Radiationmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Medical Applications For High- and Low-let Radiationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Medical Applications For High- and Low-let Radiationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Comparison of the Medical Uses and Cellular Effects of High and Low Linear Energy Transfer Radiation

Russ

Davis

Slaven

et al. 2022

Toxics

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“…It is an acute-phase reactant constitutively expressed in normal ECs that is increased by radiation. 12 By releasing Von Willebrand factor, the shifts to a prothrombotic/procoagulant phenotype. 11 Thromboxane A2 and platelet-activating factor are also key mediators in this process.…”

Section: Function Of the Vascular Endothelium And Radiation Effects O...mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Radiation-Induced Vascular Injury and Clinical Impact

Kameni,

Januszyk,

Berry

et al. 2023

Ann Plast Surg

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The number of cancer survivors continues to increase because of advances in therapeutic modalities. Along with surgery and chemotherapy, radiotherapy is a commonly used treatment modality in roughly half of all cancer patients. It is particularly helpful in the oncologic treatment of patients with breast, head and neck, and prostate malignancies. Unfortunately, among patients receiving radiation therapy, long-term sequalae are often unavoidable, and there is accumulating clinical evidence suggesting significant radiation-related damage to the vascular endothelium. Ionizing radiation has been known to cause obliterative fibrosis and increased wall thickness in irradiated blood vessels. Clinically, these vascular changes induced by ionizing radiation can pose unique surgical challenges when operating in radiated fields. Here, we review the relevant literature on radiation-induced vascular damage focusing on mechanisms and signaling pathways involved and highlight microsurgical anastomotic outcomes after radiotherapy. In addition, we briefly comment on potential therapeutic strategies, which may have the ability to mitigate radiation injury to the vascular endothelium.

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