Effects of Radiation Therapy on Neural Stem Cells

Michaelidesová, Anna; Konířová, Jana; Bartůněk, Petr; Zı́ková, Martina

doi:10.3390/genes10090640

Cited by 38 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 142 publications

(179 reference statements)

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“…External beam radiation therapy is an essential part of treatment of brain tumors and brain metastases [2,3]. Radiation techniques were initially based on 2D radiation therapy by means of rectangular fields built on basic X-ray imaging for field placement verification.…”

Section: Improvement Of Techniques In Radiation Therapymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In 2018, the prevalence of central nervous system (CNS) tumors was estimated in 3.5 per 100,000 men and women (all ages) [3]. Chemotherapy for brain tumors is generally restricted by delivery obstacles associated with the blood-brain barrier (BBB) that precludes achieving sufficient concentrations of chemotherapeutic agents in the tumors [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…With improvement of technologies (e.g., intensity modulated radiotherapy (IMRT), stereotactic radiosurgery, intracranial brachytherapy and limited fraction size) normal tissue damage can be mitigated [2]. However, neurocognitive deficits, including learning, memory, spatial processing, and dementia still persist [3]. Accumulating evidence in animal models suggests that radiation-induced cognitive decline involves damage in multiple neural cell types, causing structural and functional alterations in the brain blood vessels and in glial cell populations, reducing neurogenesis in the hippocampus, altering neuronal function, and increasing neuroinflammation [9] (Figure 1).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Neurocognitive Decline Following Radiotherapy: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Implications

Pazzaglia

Briganti

Mancuso

et al. 2020

Cancers

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The brain undergoes ionizing radiation (IR) exposure in many clinical situations, particularly during radiotherapy for malignant brain tumors. Cranial radiation therapy is related with the hazard of long-term neurocognitive decline. The detrimental ionizing radiation effects on the brain closely correlate with age at treatment, and younger age associates with harsher deficiencies. Radiation has been shown to induce damage in several cell populations of the mouse brain. Indeed, brain exposure causes a dysfunction of the neurogenic niche due to alterations in the neuronal and supporting cell progenitor signaling environment, particularly in the hippocampus—a region of the brain critical to memory and cognition. Consequent deficiencies in rates of generation of new neurons, neural differentiation and apoptotic cell death, lead to neuronal deterioration and lasting repercussions on neurocognitive functions. Besides neural stem cells, mature neural cells and glial cells are recognized IR targets. We will review the current knowledge about radiation-induced damage in stem cells of the brain and discuss potential treatment interventions and therapy methods to prevent and mitigate radiation related cognitive decline.

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Section: Improvement Of Techniques In Radiation Therapymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Neurocognitive Decline Following Radiotherapy: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Implications

Pazzaglia

Briganti

Mancuso

et al. 2020

Cancers

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Moreover, the effects of radiotherapy on neural stem cells are also different from its effects on glioma stem cells. Radiotherapy induces acute apoptosis in dividing cells and reduces the pool of mitotic neural stem cells, mainly the activated neural stem cells and the neural progenitor cells [72]. Glioma stem cells are, however, resistant to radiation therapy [15].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The necessity for standardization of glioma stem cell culture: a systematic review

Zhang

Yuan

et al. 2020

Stem Cell Res Ther

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Background: The cancer stem cell hypothesis is an old idea which has been revived in recent years for many cancers, including gliomas. However, this concept has become controversial due to a series of studies with conflicting results. Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted in PubMed and the Web of Science database to analyze studies using serum-free medium and its components in glioma stem cells, glioma stem-like cells, glioma-initiating cells, or glioma neurosphere cultures. All the studies reviewed were published between 1970 and 2019. We found that no standardized culture method was used, and the data were incomparable due to differing culture conditions and the use of media with different components. Conclusions: Here, we review the most commonly used serum-free media and added components for glioma stem cell culture while highlighting the function of each component used in the media. We emphasize the necessity for standardization of glioma stem cell culture and propose a standard culture medium to prevent bias in glioma stem cell research.

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“…However, radiotherapy may cause radiation induced myelopathy especially used for spine bone metastasis [5]. Recently, researches have demonstrated that radiation treatment damaged the functions of neural stem cell (NSC), which was one of the key pathogenesis of radiation induced myelopathy [6]. However, the detailed mechanism is largely unclear.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differentially expressed circRNA and mRNA profiles of neural stem cells with radiation irradiation

Cai¹,

Wang²,

Xie³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background Spine metastasis is common but highly problematic in clinical oncology practice. Radiotherapy plays an important role in the treatment of spine metastasis, but it at the same time damages the nervous tissue, especially the neural stem cell (NSC), and leads to radiation induced myelopathy. Circular RNA (circRNA) is a kind of non-coding RNA which responses to external stimulus and regulates cellular functions. However, the mechanism of radiotherapy affecting NSC and the role of circRNA in this process are still unclear. Methods The circRNA and mRNA of NSC treated with radiation or not were detect using next-generation sequencing. RT-PCR assays were preformed to confirm the sequencing results and the feature of differentially expressed circRNA. Bioinformation analyses were conducted to identified the critical circRNA and mRNA, as well as the enriched functions and pathways. Moreover, a circRNA-miRNA-mRNA network was constructed to investigate the possible regulatory mechanism. Results A total of 421 differentially expressed circRNA and 1602 differentially expressed mRNA of NSC were identified after radiotherapy. The GO and KEGG analysis of the differentially expressed mRNA as well as the host genes of the differentially expressed circRNA were performed and several key signal pathways such as MAPK signal pathway were identified. Moreover, a circRNA-miRNA-mRNA network focusing on MAPK signal pathway was shown and predicted that chr5:127160496|127165240 could be the critical circRNA in the regulatory mechanism of radiation treated NSCs. Conclusion Our finding showed the differentially expressed circRNA and mRNA profiles of NSC after radiotherapy, suggesting that circRNA may contribute to the pathogenesis of radiation induced myelopathy.

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Effects of Radiation Therapy on Neural Stem Cells

Cited by 38 publications

References 142 publications

Neurocognitive Decline Following Radiotherapy: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Implications

Neurocognitive Decline Following Radiotherapy: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Implications

The necessity for standardization of glioma stem cell culture: a systematic review

Differentially expressed circRNA and mRNA profiles of neural stem cells with radiation irradiation

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