Effects of Ramadan fasting on serum immunoglobulin G and M, and salivary immunoglobulin A concentrations

Develioğlu, Ömer Necati; Kuçur, Mine; Ipek, Havva Duru; Çelebi, Şaban; Can, Günay; Külekçi, Mehmet

doi:10.1177/0300060513476424

Cited by 24 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Serum IgA, IgG and IgM levels in healthy Iraqi subjects and in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus were reported to be slightly decreased towards the end of Ramadan [Al-Jewari et al 2007]. Another study on healthy adult Turkish males found decreased concentrations of serum IgG and salivary IgA during Ramadan compared with pre-fast levels, but the IgG concentration remained within the normal range [Develioglu et al 2013]. However, a study on Tunisian judo athletes maintaining training during Ramadan found increased IgA, which remained high 3 weeks later, with no change in leukocyte count [Chaouachi et al 2009].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Ramadan fasting in Saudi Arabia on serum bone profile and immunoglobulins

Bahijri

Ajabnoor

Borai

et al. 2015

Therapeutic Advances in Endocrinology

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Background: Each year Muslims fast from dawn to sunset for 1 month (Ramadan). In Saudi Arabia, the sleep-wake cycle during Ramadan is severely disturbed and is associated with abolition of the circadian cortisol rhythm, exposing Saudis to continuously increased cortisol levels, which may influence the immune response. In addition to cortisol, sleep and fasting affect the secretion of parathyroid hormone (PTH) and hence bone metabolism. Methods: Our objective was to investigate the effect of Ramadan type fasting on secretory patterns of PTH, markers of bone metabolism, and serum immunoglobulins. Blood samples from healthy young volunteers were collected at 9 a.m. and 9 p.m. (± 1 hour) before (Shaban) and 2 weeks into Ramadan. Calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, albumin, alkaline phosphatase, 25-OH vitamin D, intact PTH (iPTH), and immunoglobulin (Ig) A, M and G were measured. Results: During Ramadan, evening-adjusted calcium was higher (p = 0.036) and phosphate lower (p < 0.001) than the corresponding morning value. Moreover, the Ramadan mean morning phosphate was higher and the evening level lower was than Shabaan values (p = 0.010 and p <0.001, respectively), while mean iPTH level was decreased compared with the morning value (p = 0.001), and the evening mean during Shabaan (p = 0.029). Mean IgG concentration was significantly lower during Ramadan (p = 0.003 and p = 0.021 for morning and evening, respectively). Conclusions: Changes in dietary practices during Ramadan modulated PTH secretion to a pattern which might be beneficial to bone health. Combined effects of fasting and disturbed sleep led to a noted decrease in IgG level. Therefore, a possible beneficial effect of fasting on bone turnover is combined with decreased immune response.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Ramadan fasting in Saudi Arabia on serum bone profile and immunoglobulins

Bahijri

Ajabnoor

Borai

et al. 2015

Therapeutic Advances in Endocrinology

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“…Epinephrine and norepinephrine concentrations were assayed by high-pressure liquid chromatography with electrochemical (amperometric) detection ( 16 ). Nutrional risk index is calculated using the following equation: NRI = 1.519 × serum albumin (g/dL) + 41.7 (present/usual body weight (kg)) ( 17 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Training Effects on Immune Function in Judoists

et al. 2015

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Background:It has been reported that high intensity long term training in elite athletes may increase risk of immune function.Objectives:This study is to examine training effects on immunoglobulin and changes of physiological stress and physical fitness level induced by increased cold stress during 12-week winter off-season training in elite Judoists.Patients and Methods:Twenty-nine male participants (20 ± 1 years) were assigned to only Judo training (CG, n = 9), resistance training combined with Judo training (RJ, n = 10), and interval training combined with Judo training (IJ, n = 10). Blood samples collected at rest, immediately after all-out exercise, and 30-minute recovery period were analyzed for testing IgA, IgG, and IgM, albumin and catecholamine levels.Results:VO2max and anaerobic mean power in IJ (P < 0.05) and anaerobic power in RJ (P < 0.05) were significantly increased after 12-week training compared to CG. There was no significant interaction effect (group × period) in albumin after 12-week training; however, there was a significant interaction effect (group × period) in epinephrine after 12-week training (F (4, 52) = 3.216, P = 0.002) and immediately after all-out exercise and at 30-minute recovery (F (2, 26) = 14.564, P = 0.008). There was significantly higher changes in epinephrine of RJ compared to IJ at 30-minute recovery (P = 0.045). There was a significant interaction effect (group × period) in norepinephrine after 12-week training (F (4, 52) = 8.141, P < 0.0001), at rest and immediately after all-out exercise (F (2, 26) = 9.570, P = 0.001), and immediately after all-out exercise and at 30-minute recovery (F (2, 26) = 8.862, P = 0.001).Conclusions:Winter off-season training of IJ increased physical fitness level as well as physical stress induced by overtraining. Along with increased physical stress, all groups showed reduced trend of IgA; however, there was no group difference based on different training methods.

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“…Previous studies have found varied effects of Ramadan fasting ( 4 - 16 ). The duration of Ramadan fasting varies among areas of different latitudes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ramadan Fasting Decreases Body Fat but Not Protein Mass

Syam

Sobur

Abdullah

et al. 2016

Int J Endocrinol Metab

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Background:Many studies have shown various results regarding the effects of Ramadan fasting on weight and body composition in healthy individuals. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of Ramadan fasting on body composition in healthy Indonesian medical staff.Objectives:In this study, we examined the influence of Ramadan fasting on body composition in healthy medical staff.Patients and Methods:The longitudinal study was performed during and after Ramadan fasting in 2013 (August to October). Fourty-three medical staff members (physicians, nurses and nutritionists) at the Internal Medicine Ward of the Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital were measured to compare their calorie intake, weight, body mass index, waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), and body composition, including body fat, protein, minerals and water, on the first and 28th days of Ramadan and also 4-5 weeks after Ramadan fasting. Measurements were obtained for all 43 subjects on the 28th day of Ramadan, but they were obtained for only 25 subjects 4 - 5 weeks after Ramadan.Results:By the 28th day of Ramadan, it was found that the body weight, BMI, body fat, water and mineral measures had decreased significantly (-0.874 ± 0.859 kg, P < 0.001; -0.36 ± 0.371 kg/m2, P < 0.001; -0.484 ± 0.597 kg, P < 0.001; -0.293 ± 0.486 kg, P = 0.001; -0.054 ± 0.059 kg, P < 0.001, respectively). Protein body mass and calorie intake did not significantly change (-0.049 ± 0.170 kg, P = 0.561; 12.94 ± 760.608 Kcal, P = 0.082 respectively). By 4 - 5 weeks after Ramadan, body weight and composition had returned to the same levels as on the first day of Ramadan.Conclusions:Ramadan fasting resulted in weight loss even it was only a temporary effect, as the weight was quickly regained within one month after fasting. The catabolism catabolic state, which is related to protein loss, was not triggered during Ramadan fasting. Further research is needed to evaluate the effects of weight loss during Ramadan fasting in healthy individuals.

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Effects of Ramadan fasting on serum immunoglobulin G and M, and salivary immunoglobulin A concentrations

Cited by 24 publications

References 35 publications

Effect of Ramadan fasting in Saudi Arabia on serum bone profile and immunoglobulins

Effect of Ramadan fasting in Saudi Arabia on serum bone profile and immunoglobulins

Training Effects on Immune Function in Judoists

Ramadan Fasting Decreases Body Fat but Not Protein Mass

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