Effects of rearing conditions and age on the difference in mating success between alcohol dehydrogenase genotypes of Drosophila melanogaster

Knoppien, P.; Pot, W.; Delden, W. van

doi:10.1007/bf00121611

Cited by 11 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…It has been known for a number of years that the mating success of a male is affected by its genotype (Petit & Ehrman, 1969; for allozyme genotypes see Knoppien et at., 1980;McKenzie & Fegent, 1980;. Maynard Smith (1956) has shown that females inseminated by ontbred males produce more offspring than those inseminated by inbred males.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of allozyme variation on fitness components in Drosophila melanogaster

Serradilla

Ayala

1983

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We have explored in Drosophila melanogaster the fitness effccts of allelic variation at three enzyme loci: aGdh, Adh, and Acph. Viability and rate of development are studied at two densities, near-optimal and competitive. No genotypic effects could be demonstrated on rate of development at either density or on viability under optimal conditions. Small but significant effects on viability appear under competitive conditions. Fecundity is measured for all ninc possible mating combinations between the three female and thc three male genotypes at each locus. Female genotype has important fitness consequences; heterosis exists at every locus. Male genotype also contributes to fitness, but without heterosis. There are significant interactions between female and male genotypes, so that the fecundity of a mating combination cannot be determined from the average fitnesses of the female genotype and the male genotype involved.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of allozyme variation on fitness components in Drosophila melanogaster

Serradilla

Ayala

1983

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“…Sometimes this heterogeneity can wrongly suggest the occurrence of a rare type mating advantage. Little investigation has been done concerning the statistical distribution of mating success, but Knoppien, Pot & van Delden (1980) have shown that heterogeneity among runs was found in none out of six cases for males and in three out of six cases for females. In retesting the rare male mating advantage found by Ehrman ( I 967), O'Donald ( I 980 : pp.…”

Section: Peter Knoppienmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…The inconsistency sometimes seen in rare male experiments, judged by Bryant et al (1980) as witnessing the artificial nature of this phenomenon, can be explained otherwise. Because mating success of a given genotype in Drosophila is dependent on many factors (Spiess, 1970;Parsons, 1973;Knoppien et al, 1980) it seems difficult to keep all factors constant in any experiment dealing with mating success. Anderson & McGuire ( I 978), for instance, found statistically significant differences in mating success of a given genotype between two population cages, even though painstaking care had been taken to keep all factors equal in both cages.…”

Section: Peter Knoppienmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rare Male Mating Advantage: A Review

Knoppien

1985

Biological Reviews

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Summary 1. The phenomenon of frequency‐dependent selection with an advantage for the rare type over the common type is intriguing because it implies balancing selection. Thus the high level of genetic variability as found in natural populations can be explained without the necessity of considerable genetic load. Rare male mating advantage is here defined as frequency‐dependent male sexual fitness with the rare type of male favoured. Such a rare male effect has been found to be very widespread in insects, at least under laboratory conditions, but there are several problems associated with this phenomenon which will be discussed in this review. 2. To determine whether male mating success is frequency‐dependent, the quantity to be considered, most appropriately, is male sexual fitness of the one type relative to the other type (KM). Other approaches are discussed and it is shown that they confound differential mating success with frequency dependence of mating success. Moreover, it is shown that Levene's indices, previously designed as a measure of differential mating success, confound mating success with assortment, making these indices less useful. 3. The theoretical relationship between frequency dependence of male mating success and total sexual fitness is more complicated than would be expected beforehand. Some examples are given to clarify this issue. 4. Statistical tests to determine frequency dependence of male mating success have often been carried out in the past by determining the significance of deviations from random mating for each male type frequency separately. This procedure must be considered incorrect, because a change in male mating success over frequencies has to be tested. A correct way to do this is by testing all frequencies together in one single statistic, with only a moderate assumption about the type of frequency dependence. When mating success depends on frequency in a more irregular way, alternative tests are available, in which mating success at one frequency can be tested against any other frequency. 5. The rare male effect has been studied most thoroughly in Drosophila, and has been demonstrated for many Drosophila species. The effect has been demonstrated for some other insects as well, and also for vertebrates. The rare male effect has been found for types of males differing in specific genotype (visible mutants, karyotypes), genetic background and geographic origin. A rare male effect has also been demonstrated for non‐genetic properties such as temperature of rearing. Though much less common than rare male mating advantage, there are some examples of rare female mating advantage. The expression of the rare male effect may be affected by several factors, such as age of the females, temperature or experimental approach. 6. Only a few studies on rare type mating advantage in Nature have been carried out, but some positive evidence is available. 7. It is pointed out that mating success will be frequency‐dependent if both types of males differ pronouncedly in mating behaviour, but the...

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“…However, demonstrations of the adaptive significance of such polymorphisms are mainly indirect (Lewontin, 1974;Koehn, 1978). In the case of the alcohol-dehydrogenase (Adh) locus in Drosophila, however, there is now substantial agreement that the differences between alleles at this locus can have adaptive significance in a number of species (Gibson, 1970;Clarke, 1975;David, 1977;Starmer et al, 1977;Fontdevila et al, 1980;Knoppien et al, 1980). Thus in D. melanogaster, the frequently reported clines in Adh allele frequencies apparently have a selective origin (Pipkin et aL, 1973), whereby one agent of selection is temperature, a temperature-correlated variable perhaps relating to resources, or a combination of the two (Malpica & Vassalo, 1980).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ethanol tolerance, alcohol-dehydrogenase activity and Adh allozymes in Drosophila melanogaster

Ziolo

Parsons

1982

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Temperature and ethanol concentration have major effects upon the longevity of adults exposed to ethanol vapour, but do not much influence ADH activity. In contrast, Adh locus genotypes differ in ADH activity quite substantially, while the above two environmental variables have minimal effects. This laboratory result is consistent with certain field results, and emphasizes the need to select phenotypes of direct physiological and ecological importance as primary study materials of natural populations, in addition to conveniently assayable electrophoretic variants.

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Effects of rearing conditions and age on the difference in mating success between alcohol dehydrogenase genotypes of Drosophila melanogaster

Cited by 11 publications

References 15 publications

Effects of allozyme variation on fitness components in Drosophila melanogaster

Effects of allozyme variation on fitness components in Drosophila melanogaster

Rare Male Mating Advantage: A Review

Ethanol tolerance, alcohol-dehydrogenase activity and Adh allozymes in Drosophila melanogaster

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