Effects of Recent Climate Change on Hourly Weather Data for HVAC Design: A Case Study of Osaka

Abstract

Abstract:The current design weather data used for heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) design in Japan was created using an old data period. New design weather data should be created to reflect recent local climate change. Based on our previous proposal of creating design weather data with two weather indices (dry-bulb temperature and enthalpy) for HVAC design, design weather data for Osaka was created using more recently-measured weather data (period: 2001~2015) from the Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) in this study. The effect of recent climate change on the design weather data created with eight proposed methods was found. It showed the change in weather elements for cooling design clearly trends to warmer and drier weather, with more solar radiation and lower enthalpy, while the trends in heating design are less clear, mainly showing higher enthalpy. Furthermore, the difference in the peak load for the heating and cooling designs using the new and old design weather data was compared. The comparison showed that the minimum difference in peak load for the heating design was found using the mean daily dry-bulb temperature as the first and second indices; for the cooling design, the minimum difference in peak load was found using mean daily enthalpy as both the first and second indices.

The Effective Management of Organic Waste Policy in Albania

“…from MSW because after incineration the bottom ash of the incinerator or solid slag results [37]. According to the studies of specialists [38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45], several thermochemical incineration technologies have been identified: (1) the principle of the process involving the complete oxidation of waste; (2) the type of exothermic reaction; (3) requirements for raw materials taking into account dry waste of biological and synthetic origin; (4) the method of pre-processing the raw material by drying and pelletizing; (5) the permitted moisture content of the raw material of 25-30%; (6) temperature (700-14,000 • C); (7) endurance time (minutes/seconds); (8) final products (heat and ash); (9) environmental issues (ash leakage and toxic gases); (10) cost of capital (medium-high); (11) degree of efficiency (50-60%); (12) product applications (heat and power applications, aggregate and filler); and ( 13) future (moderate) potential. The advantages of thermochemical incineration technology include: (1) the resulting ash can be used as a low-cost aggregate or filler for construction works on bridges, roads and highways; (2) it has relatively low capital requirements, requires less skilled labor compared to other WTE technologies and is more suitable for rural and urban areas; (3) it significantly reduces waste storage space; and (4) it has high energy generation efficiency and low emission rates due to the installation of pollution content control devices in incinerators that help maintain the emission limits required by law [44,[46][47][48][49][50][51].…”

Performance of an Adsorptive Heat-Moisture Regenerator Based on Silica Gel–Sodium Sulphate

“…Generally, these problems are solved by cooling air to temperatures below dew point and then heating it up to comfortable temperatures. Such devices, i.e., compression cooling machines, account for significant energy consumption during air conditioning [6,7], an issue that becomes even more pressing with the current problem of climate change [8]. The most easily realised engineering solutions to decrease the associated energy consumption are recuperative and regenerative heat exchangers [9,10].…”