Effects of reduced height (Rht) and photoperiod insensitivity (Ppd) alleles on yield of wheat in contrasting production systems

Addisu, Molla; Snape, J. W.; Simmonds, James; Gooding, M. J.

doi:10.1007/s10681-009-0025-2

Cited by 41 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…It was also suggested by Jones et al (2017) that the increase in flowering duration associated with Ppd-D1a would add further resilience by increasing diversity of flowering timing within a field. However, the increase in susceptibility to heat stress associated with this allele, as well as lower overall grain yield in non-stressed seasons (Addisu et al, 2010) casts doubt over the benefits that Ppd-D1a might bring under future northern European climates. Although the introduction of Rht-D1b in to Northern European wheats has increased yield through increased harvest index and reduced lodging in fertile conditions (Flintham et al, 1997), it has also been associated with some negative traits, including decreases in fertility (Law et al, 1981).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temporally and Genetically Discrete Periods of Wheat Sensitivity to High Temperature

et al. 2017

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Successive single day transfers of pot-grown wheat to high temperature (35/30°C day/night) replicated controlled environments, from the second node detectable to the milky-ripe growth stages, provides the strongest available evidence that the fertility of wheat can be highly vulnerable to heat stress during two discrete peak periods of susceptibility: early booting [decimal growth stage (GS) 41–45] and early anthesis (GS 61–65). A double Gaussian fitted simultaneously to grain number and weight data from two contrasting elite lines (Renesansa, listed in Serbia, Ppd-D1a, Rht8; Savannah, listed in UK, Ppd-D1b, Rht-D1b) identified peak periods of main stem susceptibility centered on 3 (s.e. = 0.82) and 18 (s.e. = 0.55) days (mean daily temperature = 14.3°C) pre-GS 65 for both cultivars. Severity of effect depended on genotype, growth stage and their interaction: grain set relative to that achieved at 20/15°C dropped below 80% for Savannah at booting and Renesansa at anthesis. Savannah was relatively tolerant to heat stress at anthesis. A further experiment including 62 lines of the mapping, doubled-haploid progeny of Renesansa × Savannah found tolerance at anthesis to be associated with Ppd-D1b, Rht-D1b, and a QTL from Renesansa on chromosome 2A. None of the relevant markers were associated with tolerance during booting. Rht8 was never associated with heat stress tolerance, a lack of effect confirmed in a further experiment where Rht8 was included in a comparison of near isogenic lines in a cv. Paragon background. Some compensatory increases in mean grain weight were observed, but only when stress was applied during booting and only where Ppd-D1a was absent.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temporally and Genetically Discrete Periods of Wheat Sensitivity to High Temperature

et al. 2017

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“…Moreover, the location of the cluster including old and intermediate tall cultivars on the opposite side and closer to the vector of ETo (SA) suggested that they adapted better than semi-dwarf cultivars in terms of yield to environments with high evapotranspiration before anthesis and low WI during grain filling. It is well known that the introduction of dwarfing alleles in wheat cultivars during the 20th century reduced plant height and lodging and improved the partitioning of assimilates to the grain increasing the sink capacity of the crop (Addisu et al, 2010;Álvaro et al, 2008a;Rebetzke et al, 2012;Youssefian et al, 1992), and the harvest index (Royo et al, 2007), thus allowing the crop to take advantage of more favourable conditions in terms of nutrients and water availability, and therefore crop intensification. The results of the current study indicate that when water is available after anthesis, semi-dwarf cultivars have a greater potential than the tall ones to use it in benefit of yield increases.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Breeding effects on the cultivar×environment interaction of durum wheat yield

Subirà

Álvaro

Moral

et al. 2015

European Journal of Agronomy

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a b s t r a c tUnderstanding the effect of past durum wheat breeding activities on the cultivar × environment (C × E) interaction of yield and yield components may guide future breeding strategies. A historical series of 24 cultivars released in Italy and Spain during the 20th century was grown in 13 environments with average yields ranging between 1425 and 6670 kg ha −1 . The most important environmental factors affecting the C × E interaction for yield were reference evapotranspiration before anthesis and water input during grain filling. The response of cultivars to environmental variables in terms of yield and yield components was associated to the allelic composition for the Rht-B1 locus. Improved semi-dwarf cultivars (carrying the Rht-B1b allele) had the best yield performance in environments with high water input after anthesis, while tall cultivars (carrying allele Rht-B1a) were better adapted to environments with high evapotranspirative demand before anthesis and low water input after it. The introduction of the Rht-B1b allele improved the capacity of the crop to respond to water availability during grain filling by increasing the number of grains spike −1 and grain weight. Yield increases due to breeding caused a loss of stability from the static viewpoint, but not from a dynamic approach based on the superiority measure (P i ). Some semi-dwarf cultivars maintained the levels of yield stability characteristic of the old tall ones. Our results suggest that durum breeding in the 20th century enhanced the response of the crop to environmental improvements.

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“…This work also showed that there was no signifi cant genetic change in spikes per square meter, although Taishan 23 exhibited more spikes per square meter than all other cultivars. The gain in kernels per square meter might mainly be accounted for by the introduction of the Rht-D1b and Rht8c alleles (Fischer, 1984;Addisu et al, 2010) and selection for more kernels per spike. The gain in kernels per square meter might mainly be accounted for by the introduction of the Rht-D1b and Rht8c alleles (Fischer, 1984;Addisu et al, 2010) and selection for more kernels per spike.…”

Section: Yield Potential and Its Componentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Gains in Grain Yield and Physiological Traits of Winter Wheat in Shandong Province, China, from 1969 to 2006

et al. 2012

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Knowledge on the changes in yield potential and associated physiological traits is essential for understanding the main yield‐limiting factors and guiding future breeding strategies. Our objective was to identify physiological traits associated with genetic gains in grain yield of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in Shandong province, China. Thirteen milestone cultivars and two advanced lines released from 1969 to 2006 were examined over 3 yr at Tai'an during 2006 to 2009. The genetic gain in grain yield was 62 kg ha−1 yr−1, largely associated with increased kernels per square meter, biomass, and harvest index (HI) and reduced plant height. Significant genetic changes were also observed especially for apparent leaf area index (LAI) at heading and anthesis, chlorophyll content (Chl) at anthesis, photosynthesis rate during grain filling, and stem water‐soluble carbohydrate (WSC) content at anthesis. Comparing genotypes having Rht‐D1b and others with both Rht‐D1b and Rht8c (Rht‐D1b+Rht8c) showed increased grain yield, thousand kernel weight, kernels per spike, kernel weight per spike, HI, canopy temperature depression, and Chl at anthesis and LAI at heading with the latter but no difference in height. The results suggested that genetic gains in grain yield in Shandong province were mainly contributed by increases in kernels per square meter and biomass, which were achieved through improving crop photosynthesis at and after heading, and the source for grain filling may have benefited from increased WSC in stems at anthesis.

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Effects of reduced height (Rht) and photoperiod insensitivity (Ppd) alleles on yield of wheat in contrasting production systems

Cited by 41 publications

References 19 publications

Temporally and Genetically Discrete Periods of Wheat Sensitivity to High Temperature

Temporally and Genetically Discrete Periods of Wheat Sensitivity to High Temperature

Breeding effects on the cultivar×environment interaction of durum wheat yield

Genetic Gains in Grain Yield and Physiological Traits of Winter Wheat in Shandong Province, China, from 1969 to 2006

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