Effects of reducing dietary protein on the expression of nutrition sensing genes (amino acid transporters) in weaned piglets

Wu, Li; He, Liuqin; Cui, Zhijie; Liu, Gang; Yao, Kang; Wu, Fei; Li, Jun; Li, Tiejun

doi:10.1631/jzus.b1400259

Cited by 30 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Eighteen piglets (initial body weight (BW) is (9.57±0.64) kg) were randomly assigned to three groups. Diets with 20%, 17%, and 14% CP were based on the National Research Council (NRC) recommendation (Committee on Nutrient Requirements of Swine, National Research Council, 2012), as shown in Table 1, and were supplemented with 4 essential amino acids (Lys, Met, Thr, and Trp) to meet the requirements of weaned piglets (Wu et al, 2015). Piglets were housed individually in cages and had free access to drinking water and their respective diets throughout the 45-d experimental period (35 to 80 d of age).…”

Section: Animals and Experimental Treatmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of low protein diets on gene expression of digestive enzymes and hormone secretion in the gastrointestinal tract of young weaned piglets

Tian

Yang

et al. 2016

J. Zhejiang Univ. Sci. B

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Abstract:To investigate dietary protein level effects on digestive mechanisms, weaned piglets were fed for 45 d with diets containing 20%, 17%, or 14% crude protein (CP) supplemented to meet requirements for essential amino acids. This article describes the influence of dietary protein on gastrointestinal hormones and expression of an array of digestive enzymes in the gastrointestinal tract and pancreas. Results indicated that there were no significant differences in expression of enzymes involved in carbohydrate digestion, except for maltase in the duodenum. In the jejunum, amylase expression in pigs fed 20% CP was much higher than that in pigs fed other diets (P<0.05) and maltase expression in those fed 17% CP was higher than that in other treatments (P<0.05). Although there were no remarkable differences in expression of aminopeptidase in the small intestine or carboxypeptidase in the pancreas (P>0.05), there was a trend towards higher expression of various proteases in pigs fed 17% CP. The duodenal expression of enteropeptidase in diets with 14% and 17% CP was significantly higher than that with 20% CP (P<0.05), but treatment differences did not existed in jejunum (P>0.05). The expression of GPR93 as a nutrient-responsive G protein-coupled receptor in 14% and 17% CP diets was significantly higher than that in 20% CP diet in the small intestine (P<0.05). The expressions of genes for pancreatic enzymes, lipase and elastase, were significantly higher in pigs fed diets with low CP, while similar trends occurred for carboxypeptidase, chymotrypsin and amylase. Conversely, the gastric expressions of pepsinogen A and progastricsin were lower with the 17% CP diet. Differences between treatments were found in the gastric antral contents of cholecystokinin and somatostatin: both increased in pigs fed 17% CP, accompanied by decreased content of motilin, which was also seen in plasma concentrations. These patterns were not reflected in duodenal contents. In general, 17% dietary CP was beneficial to the digestion of nutrient substance in the gastrointestinal tract.

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Section: Animals and Experimental Treatmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of low protein diets on gene expression of digestive enzymes and hormone secretion in the gastrointestinal tract of young weaned piglets

Tian

Yang

et al. 2016

J. Zhejiang Univ. Sci. B

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A reduction in dietary crude protein (CP) levels can reduce diarrhea and nitrogen (N) excretion and repair digestive and immune function by enhancing the gene expression levels of digestive enzymes and amino acid (AA) transporters in young pigs [4,6]. For weaned pigs, it has been suggested that the CP levels in their diets can be reduced by 2-3 points without affecting average daily gain (ADG) [4,6], feed efficiency, or gastrointestinal health when the diets are supplemented with AAs [7,8]. However, reductions exceeding 3 points have produced no effects on ADG, feed efficiency and the mRNA levels of digestive enzymes (including trypsinogen, chymotrypsin B, and dipeptidase-II and III) and AA transporters [2,4,[9][10][11][12][13], although these trends have not been observed in all studies [14][15][16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chronic feeding with protein-restricted diets affect ileal amino acid digestibility and the expression of nutrient-sensing, hormone secretion, gastrointestinal digestive enzyme, and nutrient transporter genes in young weaned pigs

Li¹,

Liao²,

He³

et al. 2018

Oncotarget

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The aim of this work was to investigate the serum biochemical profile, ileal amino acid (AA) digestibility, and expression of nutrient-sensing, hormone secretion, gastrointestinal (GIT) digestive enzyme and nutrient transporter genes in pigs subjected to dietary protein restriction. Twenty-four weaned pigs were distributed into three treatments, and the animals in each treatment were fed crude protein (CP) diets at one of three levels (20, 17, and 14%). Our results showed that pigs fed the 20% CP diet had greater (P < 0.05) average daily gain and ratio of feed to gain than those fed the 14% CP diet, but there were no differences between the 20% CP and 17% CP diets. Additionally, the 20% CP diet tended to upregulate (P < 0.05) the expression of nutrient-sensing-related genes, such as taste receptor type 1 member 1 (TasR1), calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR), and solute carrier family 1 (EAAC1), and the 17% CP diet tended to up-regulate (P < 0.05) the expression of digestive enzyme-related genes, hormone secretion-related genes, and nutrient transporter-related genes, such as pepsinogen, cholecystokinin type A receptor (CCK-1R), and dipeptide transporter 1 (PepT1), respectively. These results suggested that weaned pigs that were chronically fed a moderately restricted 17% CP protein diet could catch up to pigs fed a 20% CP diet in terms of growth performance and feed efficiency. In conclusion, the provision of 20% dietary CP was beneficial to the expression of nutrient-sensing and nutrient transporter genes in the GIT, and the provision of 17% dietary CP was beneficial to lipid metabolism and digestive enzymes in the GIT. www.impactjournals.com/oncotarget/

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“…Ammonia emissions in the piggery are mainly generated from surplus nitrogen. Therefore, reducing dietary crude protein, which provides the basic requirement for TP intake, and supplementing with synthetic amino acids will significantly decrease NH 3 emissions (Hayes et al, 2004;Cho et al, 2008;Wu et al, 2015). Modulating dietary composition to reduce NH 3 emission is economic and feasible, and the most important thing is that it is performed at source.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of dietary fresh fermented soybean meal on growth performance, ammonia and particulate matter emissions, and nitrogen excretion in nursery piglets

Cheng

Geng

et al. 2017

J. Zhejiang Univ. Sci. B

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This study was conducted to investigate the effects of fresh fermented soybean meal (FSM) on the growth performance of nursery piglets, nitrogen excretion in feces, and the concentrations of ammonia (NH 3 ) and particulate matter (PM) in the piggery. A total of 472 nursery piglets (Landrace×Yorkshire, (16.3±0.36) kg body weight) were randomly allocated into two treatments with 236 pigs in each treatment. The pigs were fed the basal diet without fresh FSM (control) or diet containing 10% (100 g/kg) fresh FSM (FSM group), and the crude protein content of the two groups was consistent. The feeding trial lasted for 28 d. The results showed that the pigs fed fresh FSM had increased (P<0.05) average daily gain (ADG) compared with the control. There was no significant difference (P>0.05) in feed to gain ratio (F:G) between the two groups. During the whole experiment, the concentration of NH 3 in the piggery decreased (P<0.05) by 19.0%, and the concentrations of PM (PM 10 and PM 2.5 ) in the piggery decreased (P<0.05) by 19.9% and 11.6%, respectively, in the FSM group, compared with the control. The ammonia nitrogen and nitrite content in feces increased (P<0.05) by 32.9% and 28.4%, respectively, in the FSM group. The fecal pH declined (P<0.05) significantly in the FSM group compared with the control. At the end of experiment, total protein (TP) concentration was increased (P<0.05) significantly and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) concentration was decreased (P<0.05) for pigs fed the diet with fresh FSM. The results indicated that dietary fresh FSM not only improved the growth performance of nursery piglets, but also reduced the NH 3 concentration in the piggery due to nitrogen conversion, and decreased the concentrations of PM 10 and PM 2.5 in the piggery.

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Effects of reducing dietary protein on the expression of nutrition sensing genes (amino acid transporters) in weaned piglets

Cited by 30 publications

References 35 publications

Influence of low protein diets on gene expression of digestive enzymes and hormone secretion in the gastrointestinal tract of young weaned piglets

Influence of low protein diets on gene expression of digestive enzymes and hormone secretion in the gastrointestinal tract of young weaned piglets

Chronic feeding with protein-restricted diets affect ileal amino acid digestibility and the expression of nutrient-sensing, hormone secretion, gastrointestinal digestive enzyme, and nutrient transporter genes in young weaned pigs

Effects of dietary fresh fermented soybean meal on growth performance, ammonia and particulate matter emissions, and nitrogen excretion in nursery piglets

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