Effects of Regional GABAergic Blockade of the Striatum on Memory Consolidation

Salado‐Castillo, Rigoberto; Guante, Miguel A. Diaz Del; Alvarado, Raúl; Quírarte, Gina L.; Prado-Alcalá, Roberto A.

doi:10.1006/nlme.1996.0051

Cited by 26 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…In the striatum, there is plenty of evidence for short-term consolidation processes, but less consistent evidence for long-term consolidation processes. Various treatments have been found to mediate a striatal-dependent memory when injected into the striatum of rats immediately following training (e.g., Packard et al 1994;Salado-Castillo et al 1996;Packard and Teather 1998), indicating the presence of a short-term consolidation process. There is, however, conflicting evidence as to whether a long-term consolidation process that continues beyond 1.5 h exists in the striatum.…”

Section: Goedert and Willinghammentioning

confidence: 99%

Patterns of Interference in Sequence Learning and Prism Adaptation Inconsistent With the Consolidation Hypothesis

Goedert

Willingham²

2002

Learn. Mem.

124

102

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The studies reported here used an interference paradigm to determine whether a long-term consolidation process (i.e., one lasting from several hours to days) occurs in the learning of two implicit motor skills, learning of a movement sequence and learning of a visuo-motor mapping. Subjects learned one skill and were tested on that skill 48 h later. Between the learning session and test session, some subjects trained on a second skill. The amount of time between the learning of the two skills varied for different subjects. In both the learning of a movement sequence and the learning of a visuo-motor mapping, we found that remote memories were susceptible to interference, but the passage of time did not afford protection from interference. These results are inconsistent with the long-term consolidation of these motor skills. A possible difference between these tasks and those that do show long-term consolidation is that the present tasks are not dynamic motor skills.The notion that memories initially exist in a labile state and with time become stable was first proposed in 1900 by Müller and Pilzecker (cited in Lechner et al. 1999). These researchers found that memory for a list of words was disrupted if new information was learned less than 1 min later, but not if learned 10 min later. They concluded that the memories had undergone a stabilization process, which they termed consolidation. In the current study, we will use the term consolidation to refer to the stabilization of memory (i.e., a decrease in susceptibility to forgetting via decay or interference) in the absence of further practice of that memory. There are two putative phases of consolidation processes, short-term consolidation processes, which operate over a period of seconds to hours post-training and are mediated by local cellular mechanisms resulting in longterm potentiation (LTP), and long-term consolidation processes, which operate over a period of hours to months post-training and are mediated by neural reorganization (for review, see McGaugh 2000;Dudai 2002). The focus of the current study is on long-term consolidation processes. Much of the research on long-term consolidation processes has focused on explicit memory tasks, tasks in which memory is demonstrated through conscious recollection of previously learned information (Schacter 1987). Although less consolidation research has focused on implicit memory tasks, tasks in which memory is revealed through performance and does not require conscious recollection of learned information, recent interest in the long-term consolidation of motor learning is one exception (BrashersKrug et al. 1996). The experiments described here were designed to assess whether a long-term consolidation process is ubiquitous for different components of motor skill learning.Although there is much evidence that a long-term process of consolidation is evident in performance on explicit memory tasks (e.g., Squire et al. 1989;Zola-Morgan and Squire 1990), it is not immediately apparent that a long-term consolidation proc...

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Section: Goedert and Willinghammentioning

confidence: 99%

Patterns of Interference in Sequence Learning and Prism Adaptation Inconsistent With the Consolidation Hypothesis

Goedert

Willingham²

2002

Learn. Mem.

124

102

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“…Both dopamine and GABA function have been implicated in post-training memory processes occurring in the dorsal striatum mediating retention in inhibitory avoidance (Salado-Castilla et al 1996), and simultaneous visual discrimination tasks (Packard and White 1991). In addition, the activity of mGluRs has been implicated in two forms of striatal synaptic plasticity: long-term depression and long-term potentiation (Calabresi et al 1992;Lovinger and Tyler 1996;Calabresi et al 1999).…”

Section: Possible Mechanisms Of Mnemonic Function Of Dorsal Striatal mentioning

confidence: 99%

Task-Dependent Role for Dorsal Striatum Metabotropic Glutamate Receptors in Memory

Packard¹

2001

Learning &Amp; Memory

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The effect of post-training intradorsal striatal infusion of metabotropic glutamate receptor (mGluR) drugs on memory consolidation processes in an inhibitory avoidance (IA) task and visible/hidden platform water maze tasks was examined. In the IA task, adult male Long-Evans rats received post-training intracaudate infusions of the broad spectrum mGluR antagonist ␣-methyl-4-carboxyphenylglycine (MCPG; 1.0, 2.0 mM/0.5 µL), the group I/II mGluR agonist 1-aminocyclopentane-1,3-carboxylic acid (ACPD; 0.5 or 1.0 µM/0.5 µL), or saline immediately following footshock training, and retention was tested 24 h later. In the visible-and hidden-platform water maze tasks, rats received post-training intracaudate infusions of ACPD (1.0 µM), MCPG (2.0 mM), or saline immediately following an eight-trial training session, followed by a retention test 24 h later. In the IA task, post-training infusion of ACPD (0.5 and 1.0 µM) or MCPG (1.0 and 2.0 mM) impaired retention. In the IA and visible-platform water maze tasks, post-training infusion of ACPD (1.0 µM), or MCPG (2.0 mM) impaired retention. In contrast, neither drug affected retention when administered post-training in the hidden-platform task, consistent with the hypothesized role of the dorsal striatum in stimulus-response habit formation. When intradorsal striatal injections were delayed 2 h post-training in the visible-platform water maze task, neither drug affected retention, indicating a time-dependent effect of the immediate post-training injections on memory consolidation. It is hypothesized that MCPG impaired memory via a blockade of postsynaptic dorsal striatal mGluR's, while the impairing effect of ACPD may have been caused by an influence of this agonist on presynaptic "autoreceptor" striatal mGluR populations.Glutamatergic neural transmission is mediated through activation of ionotropic and metabotropic family receptors. Ionotropic glutamate receptors are involved in fast excitatory neurotransmission and consist of NMDA, and AMPA/ kainate receptors subtypes. The metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) currently consist of eight subtypes classified in three groups (group I: mGluR1 and mGluR5; group II: mGluR2 and mGluR3; and group III: mGluRs 4, 6, 7, and 8). mGluRs are linked to G proteins, activation of which influence various intracellular second-messenger signaling pathways (for reviews, see Schoepp et al. 1990;Conn and Pin 1997; Pin and Duvoisin 1997).Recent evidence suggests a role for mGluR function in learning and memory processes in rats (for reviews, see Reidel 1996;Holscher et al. 1999). For example, pretraining intracerebroventricular (ICV) infusion of the broad spectrum (i.e., non-group-specific) metabotropic receptor antagonist ␣-methyl-4-carboxyphenylglycine (MCPG) impairs acquisition of shock-reinforced spatial alternation learning (Riedel et al. 1994) and spatial learning in a water maze (Richter-Levin et al. 1994;Bordi et al. 1996). In addition, post-training ICV injection of MCPG impairs retention of lever-press learning in mice (Mathis and Unge...

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“…Such findings suggest that intense training may induce functional changes within the dorsal striatum that prevent the impairment of memory. Although the dorsal striatum seems histologically homogeneous, there is a functional differentiation along its medial-lateral axis related to memory consolidation (11). Prior studies have shown that the dorsomedial striatum (DMS) is predominantly involved in spatial/contextual learning, influencing goal-directed behaviors (12,13).…”

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confidence: 99%

Mushroom spine dynamics in medium spiny neurons of dorsal striatum associated with memory of moderate and intense training

Bello-Medina

Flores

Quírarte

et al. 2016

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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A growing body of evidence indicates that treatments that typically impair memory consolidation become ineffective when animals are given intense training. This effect has been obtained by treatments interfering with the neural activity of several brain structures, including the dorsal striatum. The mechanisms that mediate this phenomenon are unknown. One possibility is that intense training promotes the transfer of information derived from the enhanced training to a wider neuronal network. We now report that inhibitory avoidance (IA) induces mushroom spinogenesis in the medium spiny neurons (MSNs) of the dorsal striatum in rats, which is dependent upon the intensity of the foot-shock used for training; that is, the effect is seen only when high-intensity foot-shock is used in training. We also found that the relative density of thin spines was reduced. These changes were evident at 6 h after training and persisted for at least 24 h afterward. Importantly, foot-shock alone did not increase spinogenesis. Spine density in MSNs in the accumbens was also increased, but the increase did not correlate with the associative process involved in IA; rather, it resulted from the administration of the aversive stimulation alone. These findings suggest that mushroom spines of MSNs of the dorsal striatum receive afferent information that is involved in the integrative activity necessary for memory consolidation, and that intense training facilitates transfer of information from the dorsal striatum to other brain regions through augmented spinogenesis. A growing body of evidence indicates that treatments that commonly produce amnesia become ineffective when animals are given enhanced training (i.e., a high number of training sessions or relatively high levels of aversive stimulation). This protective effect against amnesia induced by interference with normal activity of brain nuclei has been found in a wide variety of learning tasks (1). Extensive evidence indicates that the dorsal striatum is intimately involved in the acquisition, consolidation, and retrieval memory for many kinds of training experiences (2-5). Interference with cholinergic activity of the dorsal striatum and reversible inactivation of this structure induced after moderate training impair memory consolidation. However, notably, these treatments are ineffective in impairing memory when animals are overtrained (6-10). Such findings suggest that intense training may induce functional changes within the dorsal striatum that prevent the impairment of memory. Although the dorsal striatum seems histologically homogeneous, there is a functional differentiation along its medial-lateral axis related to memory consolidation (11). Prior studies have shown that the dorsomedial striatum (DMS) is predominantly involved in spatial/contextual learning, influencing goal-directed behaviors (12, 13). In contrast, the dorsolateral striatum (DLS) enables the formation of procedural learning (4,14).Previous research suggests that memory consolidation may involve changes in the den...

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Effects of Regional GABAergic Blockade of the Striatum on Memory Consolidation

Cited by 26 publications

References 0 publications

Patterns of Interference in Sequence Learning and Prism Adaptation Inconsistent With the Consolidation Hypothesis

Patterns of Interference in Sequence Learning and Prism Adaptation Inconsistent With the Consolidation Hypothesis

Task-Dependent Role for Dorsal Striatum Metabotropic Glutamate Receptors in Memory

Mushroom spine dynamics in medium spiny neurons of dorsal striatum associated with memory of moderate and intense training

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