Effects of relay intercropping model and application of biological agents on the growth and yield of hot pepper

Abstract

Tiyung cultivar, the consumer preferences of hot pepper in Magelang Regency, is still low in productivity (7 ton.ha-1). This research aimed to determine the growth and yield of hot pepper planted in relay intercropping as affected by biological agent application as a technology to increase productivity. This research was arranged in a Factorial Randomized Complete Block Design with an intercropping pattern of hot pepper (two and three rows model). The second factor was the application of biological agents, consisting of Trichoderma asperellum, Bacillus velezensis B-27 and Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (with and without biological agents). The control was the monoculture of hot pepper without biological agent application. The data observed were analyzed using Analysis of Variance and followed by the Duncan's Multiple Range Test at α= 5 %. The results showed that the relay intercropping of hot pepper produced less numbers of branches and leaves. It indicated more efficiency in the use of assimilates for the development of generative organs, thereby resulting in the high values fruits weight per plant, which were as high as those in monoculture. The productivity observed in relay intercropping was 12.93 ton.ha-1, which was 15.8 % higher than in monoculture. The application of biological agents significantly increased the stomatal density, the size of stomatal opening, the number of leaves, weight of fruits per plant and productivity of hot pepper. The productivity of plant applied with biological agents was 16.84 ton.ha-1, which was 86.50 % higher than that without biological agents application.

Assessing the impact on growth and yield in different varieties of chili pepper (Capsicum frutescens) intercropped with chaya (Cnidoscolus aconitifolius)

“…The primary crop in an intercropping system acts as a shade, affecting intermediate plants' growth and increasing stem segment length, plant height, and specific leaf area (Liu et al 2017;Sevirasari et al 2022). In addition, the influence of low light intensity can decrease photosynthesis, reducing plant growth, such as the number of leaves and branching (Fiorucci and Fankhauser 2017;Ulinnuha and Syarifah 2022).…”

Utilization of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi and Bacillus velezensis Inoculation in Suppressing Twisted Disease of Shallot

“…Bacillus velezensis is a Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) that produces secondary metabolites with antibiotic properties, which can increase plant resistance and suppress growth and development of pathogens, thereby also having an impact on plant health (Wisanggeni et al, 2023). B. velezensis can also induce plant growth by increasing plants nutrient absorption by, increasing ni-trogen fixation and assisting phosphate dissolution, as well as producing the hormone Indole Acetic Acid (IAA), which can increase plant resistance induction (Sevirasari et al, 2022;Zaid et al, 2022). The use of B. velezensis by soaking and spraying application by Rahma et al (2020), reported that B. velezensis was able to suppress twisted disease and purple spots development on shallot plants by 67% and increase plant growth and protect shallot bulbs postharvest.…”

Morphophysiological and yield traits of soybean varieties tolerant of intercropping with maize

“…In addition, land degradation also contributes to this loss. The application of an innovative strategy such as intercropping soybean with other major commodities to minimize land usage competition is therefore important to achieve sustainable land use (Srihartanto and Indradewa 2019;Astiko et al 2022) and food security (Sevirasari et al 2022).…”