An alternative hypothesis explaining the greater proportion of True responses given by Ss with low scores on the R scale of the MMPI when compared with Ss with high scores on the R scale was not supported in two experiments. The results supporred the original hypothesis of Edwards and Abbott that the R scale is measuring in some degree the tendency to respond True to personality items and trait adjectives without regard to the substantive content of these items. 227-238. GYNTHER, M. D., GRAY, B. G., & S~U S S ,M. E. Effects of religious affiliation, religious involvement, and sex on the social desirability ratings of MMPI religion items.