Effects of residence time and webbing upon dicofol-avoidance behavior in two-spotted spider mites (Acari: Tetranychidae)

Kolmes, Steven A.; Dennehy, Timothy J.; Broadwater, Elizabeth

doi:10.1007/bf01193466

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…2a). This bout length compares with approximately 400 s as reported by Kolmes et al (1991). Feeding occurred with a similar frequency on the damaged and clean leaves (Fig.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 55%

Allocating time between feeding, resting and moving by the two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae and its predator Phytoseiulus persimilis

Bancroft

Margolies

1996

Exp Appl Acarol

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This study characterizes the timing of feeding, moving and resting for the two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch and a phytoseiid predator, Phytoseiulus persimilis Athias-Henriot. Feeding is the interaction between T. urticae and plants, and between P persimilis and T. urticae.Movement plays a key role in locating new food resources. Both activities are closely related to survival and reproduction. We measured the time allocated to these behaviours at four ages of the spider mite (juveniles, adult females immediately after moult and adult females 1 and 3 days after moult) and two ages of the predatory mite (juveniles and adult females). We also examined the effect of previous spider mite-inflicted leaf damage on the spider mite behaviour. Juveniles of both the spider mite and the predatory mite moved around less than their adult counterparts. Newly emerged adult female spider mites spent most of their time moving, stopping only to feed. This represents the teneral phase, during which adult female spider mites are most likely to disperse. With the exception of this age group, spider mites moved more and fed less on previously damaged than on clean leaves. Because of this, the spider mite behaviour was initially more variable on damaged leaves. Phytoseiuluspersimilis rested at all stages for a much larger percentage of the time and spent less time feeding than did T. urticae; the predators invariably rested in close proximity to the prey. Compared to adult predators, juveniles spent approximately four times as long handling a prey egg. The predator-prey interaction is dependent upon the local movement of both the predators and prey. These details of individual behaviours in a multispecies environment can provide an understanding of population dynamics.

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“…2a). This bout length compares with approximately 400 s as reported by Kolmes et al (1991). Feeding occurred with a similar frequency on the damaged and clean leaves (Fig.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 55%

Allocating time between feeding, resting and moving by the two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae and its predator Phytoseiulus persimilis

Bancroft

Margolies

1996

Exp Appl Acarol

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“…To obtain the checkerboard-like 'discontinous residue', leaves so marked were clamped under a prepared wire grid, of the same square size as marked on the leaves, in which every other square was filled with wax, thus blocking residue from contacting alternate squares (Kolmes et al, 1991). A Potter Prescision Laboratory spray tower (Burkhard Manufacturing Co., Ltd., U.K.) was used to spray 2 ml of 100 ppm dicofol per leaf, forming the checkerboard-like residue pattern.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We have been investigating in the laboratory the impact that different acaricides have on twospotted spider mite (Tetranychus urticae Koch) behavior patterns on treated plant surfaces (Kolmes et al, 1991). This study demonstrated, for example, that the common acaricide, dicofol, causes spider mites to accumulate on untreated areas of plants.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Can pesticide formulations significantly influence pest behavior?: the case of Tetranychus urticae and dicofol

Edwards

Kolmes

Dennehy

1994

Entomologia Exp Applicata

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Pesticide formulations profoundly influenced the encounter of pest with pesticide. In four differently formulated treatments of identical dicofol concentration, total time spent on treated areas of a checkerboard residue immediately following treatment varied dramatically from 13.3% on Modified Formulation residues to 42.1% on 50 Wettable Powder residues. With 24 h old checkerboard residues, total time spent on treated areas varied from a low of 30.1% with Modified Formulation residues to a high of 45.1% with Emulsifiable Concentrate residues. Different formulations exhibited dramatically different decay of repellency over a 24 h period. The greatest loss of repellency was found on Modified Formulation residues, although this formulation was still the most repellent at 24 h. Observations were made of three behavior patterns with both 0 h and 24 h old residues of four formulations of dicofol. Our results indicate that the constituents of some pesticide formulations may elicit behavior that greatly reduces pest encounter with pesticide. To study this phenomenon it is necessary to observe pest behavior with discontinuous residues.

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“…Oviposition behavior and the incidence of adult females were evaluated on the adaxial surface of the Pera orange leaf having discontinuous residues of insecticides. Square frames positioned on the orange leaf surface allowed the presence of treated and untreated areas of 1 cm 2 each on the same surface (KOLMES et al, 1991). The treated and untreated areas were arranged in array-type "chess board" on a leaf area of 4×2 cm, delimited by moistened cotton wool to prevent mite escape (KOLMES et al, 1991;BOWIE et al, 2001).…”

Section: Panonychus Citri Behavior On Discontinuous Pesticide Residuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Square frames positioned on the orange leaf surface allowed the presence of treated and untreated areas of 1 cm 2 each on the same surface (KOLMES et al, 1991). The treated and untreated areas were arranged in array-type "chess board" on a leaf area of 4×2 cm, delimited by moistened cotton wool to prevent mite escape (KOLMES et al, 1991;BOWIE et al, 2001). Spraying was done with the help of a Potter tower.…”

Section: Panonychus Citri Behavior On Discontinuous Pesticide Residuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lethal and sublethal effects of pesticides used in Brazilian citrus groves on Panonychus citri (Acari: Tetranychidae)

Alves¹,

Casarin

Omoto

2018

Arq. Inst. Biol.

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Pesticides have been blamed as the principal factor responsible for biological disequilibrium favoring the population increase of Panonychus citri (McGregor) in Brazilian citrus groves. In order to generate subsidies for the integrated management of this pest, we evaluated the lethal and sublethal effects of pesticides used in citrus on P. citri. We tested 18 pesticides by evaluating mortality of adult female, egg viability and adult avoidance. For imidacloprid, pyriproxyfen, dimethoate, deltamethrin, lambda-cyhalothrin and lime sulfur, the principal insecticides used in Brazilian orchards, the oviposition behavior and the incidence of adult females on discontinuous pesticide residues were evaluated. The pesticides which caused adult P. citri mortality were: abamectin (94%), dimethoate (86%), lime sulfur (69%), fenpropathrin (44%), diafenthiuron (25%) and lambda-cyhalothrin (23%). The pesticides affecting egg viability were: fenpropathrin (53%), dimethoate (30%) and lime sulfur (22%). Fenpropathrin, lambda-cyhalothrin and lime sulfur caused repellent effects of 55, 45 and 22%, respectively. P. citri preferred areas untreated with deltamethrin, lambda-cyhalothrin and lime sulfur for oviposition and permanence, but the species could not distinguish areas treated with imidacloprid, pyriproxyfen and dimethoate. The insecticides abamectin, dimethoate and diafenthiuron affected survival and did not cause changes in P. citri behavior. These pesticides should be used mainly in periods P. citri occurs. On the other hand, fenpropathrin, lambda-cyhalothrin, lime sulfur and deltamethrin affect dispersal behavior, oviposition and P. citri incidence and their use should be avoided.

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Effects of residence time and webbing upon dicofol-avoidance behavior in two-spotted spider mites (Acari: Tetranychidae)

Cited by 6 publications

References 15 publications

Allocating time between feeding, resting and moving by the two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae and its predator Phytoseiulus persimilis

Allocating time between feeding, resting and moving by the two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae and its predator Phytoseiulus persimilis

Can pesticide formulations significantly influence pest behavior?: the case of Tetranychus urticae and dicofol

Lethal and sublethal effects of pesticides used in Brazilian citrus groves on Panonychus citri (Acari: Tetranychidae)

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