Effects of Resistance Training on Obese Adolescents

Dias, Ingrid; Farinatti, Paulo; Souza, Maria das Graças Coelho de; Manhanini, Diogo Pires; Balthazár, E; Dantas, Diego Leonardo Simplicio; Pinto, Eduardo Henrique De Andrade; Bouskela, Eliete; Kraemer‐Aguiar, Luiz Guilherme

doi:10.1249/mss.0000000000000705

Cited by 42 publications

(88 citation statements)

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“…Generally, resistance training (RT) changes body composition without alterations in body weight of both lean and obese subjects (Dias et al ., ). RT changes the vascular system in concert with alterations in body fat in obese/overweight patients.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…RT changes the vascular system in concert with alterations in body fat in obese/overweight patients. In both obese adolescents and in older men, RT improved endothelium‐dependent vasodilatation after ACh (Dias et al ., ) and increased femoral artery blood flow, microvascular blood flow and volume of the vastus lateralis muscle (Phillips et al ., ). However, data on the influence of different exercise characteristics (i.e.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Exercise effects on perivascular adipose tissue: endocrine and paracrine determinants of vascular function

Boa

Yudkin

Hinsbergh

et al. 2017

British J Pharmacology

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Obesity is a global epidemic, accompanied by increased risk of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Adipose tissue hypertrophy is associated with adipose tissue inflammation, which alters the secretion of adipose tissue‐derived bioactive products, known as adipokines. Adipokines determine vessel wall properties such as smooth muscle tone and vessel wall inflammation. Exercise is a mainstay of prevention of chronic, non‐communicable diseases, type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease in particular. Aside from reducing adipose tissue mass, exercise has been shown to reduce inflammatory activity in this tissue. Mechanistically, contracting muscles release bioactive molecules known as myokines, which alter the metabolic phenotype of adipose tissue. In adipose tissue, myokines induce browning, enhance fatty acid oxidation and improve insulin sensitivity. In the past years, the perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) which surrounds the vasculature, has been shown to control vascular tone and inflammation through local release of adipokines. In obesity, an increase in mass and inflammation of PVAT culminate in dysregulation of adipokine secretion, which contributes to vascular dysfunction. This review describes our current understanding of the mechanisms by which active muscles interact with adipose tissue and improve vascular function. Aside from the exercise‐dependent regulation of canonical adipose tissue function, we will focus on the interactions between skeletal muscle and PVAT and the role of novel myokines, such as IL‐15, FGF21 and irisin, in these interactions. Linked Articles This article is part of a themed section on Molecular Mechanisms Regulating Perivascular Adipose Tissue – Potential Pharmacological Targets? To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v174.20/issuetoc

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exercise effects on perivascular adipose tissue: endocrine and paracrine determinants of vascular function

Boa

Yudkin

Hinsbergh

et al. 2017

British J Pharmacology

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“…In the five included studies, three RCTs (Alberga, Farnesi, Lafleche, Legault, & Komorowski, 2013;Kelly et al, 2015;Schranz, Tomkinson, Parletta, Petkov, & Olds, 2014), one NRCT (Dias et al, 2015) and one UCT (Shultz et al, 2015) were identified.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of exclusive resistance training on body composition and cardiovascular risk factors in overweight and obese children and adolescents: A systematic review update

Dietz

Ornik

Watson

et al. 2018

CISS

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Purpose: The aim of the present systematic review was to update a previous review, aiming at investigating the effects of exclusive resistance training on body composition and cardiovascular risk factors for obese or overweight children and adolescents and to report the efficiency of whole-body strength training in weight management and obesity prevention during adolescence. Method: Intervention studies that performed isolated resistance training with overweight or obese children and adolescents under 18 years of age were systematically reviewed. Body composition and cardiovascular risk factors constituted as the outcome measurements. Results: Five studies passed the inclusion criteria. All participants in treatment groups undertook supervised whole-body resistance training. The mean compliance was 87%. Four studies reported significant changes in body composition, with a decrease in mass, percentage body fat, waist circumference and waist-to-hip ratio as well as a significant increase in fat free mass. Three studies analysed the effects on cardiovascular risk factors and two reported significant changes with a decrease in systolic blood pressure and IL-6 as well as a significant increase in adiponectin. Conclusion: A strength training intervention appears safe and tends to show positive effects for obese adolescents. Several significant changes were observed. A lack of studies and a small sample size of participants conducting an isolated strength training intervention made a safe interpretation difficult. Due to this, more studies are needed to analyse the role of exclusive resistance training in weight management for obese adolescents and its influence on cardiovascular risk factors.

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“…Considering the importance of a healthy skin microcirculation in avoiding digital ulcers, our findings suggest that there is an urgent need for further work in the field. Likewise, resistance training (RT) alone has shown significant improvements in the function of the vasculature [10], while a combination of aerobic and RT have shown both in the past [11] and recently [12] to significantly improve the vascular function and the microcirculation. However, the overall number of studies that have investigated the effects of RT on vasculature indicates remain.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring the feasibility of an exercise programme including aerobic and resistance training in people with limited cutaneous systemic sclerosis

et al. 2020

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Objectives It is suggested that exercise can improve the vascular function and quality of life (QoL) in people with systemic sclerosis (SSc), potentially offering clinical benefits to this population. Yet the feasibility of such an intervention remains untested. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to examine the feasibility of a combined exercise protocol (aerobic and resistance training) in people with limited cutaneous SSc (lcSSc). Methods Thirty-two lcSSc patients (66.5 ± 12 years old) were randomly allocated in two groups (exercise and control group). The exercise group underwent a 12-week exercise programme, twice per week. All patients performed the baseline, three-and six-month follow-up measurements where functional ability, body composition and QoL were assessed. Participants' experiences were explored through interviews. Results Compliance was 92.6% with no dropouts. The individuals' confidence to participate in the study's exercise protocol for twice per week was 95%. The average value for the physical activity enjoyment scale was 103 ± 10 out of 119 (highest score). The mean values for the intention to engage in exercise twice per week were 6.4 ± 1 (likely) out of 7 (very likely). QoL for the exercise group showed to have a better life satisfaction, less anxiety and Raynaud's phenomenon-accompanied pain. Conclusions Our results suggest that a combined exercise protocol was feasible for people with lcSSc, with no adverse events, resulting in high adherence and low attrition rates, high enjoyment levels and intentions for future engagement to this exercise. Thus, the specific protocol is a safe adjunct therapy for people with lcSSc. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT number): NCT03058887, February 23, 2017, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/ NCT03058887?term=NCT03058887&rank=1Key Points • High-intensity interval training in combination with resistance training constitutes a feasible exercise protocol for people with lcSSc.• Overall, the exercise programme demonstrated high adherence and enjoyment levels and low attrition rates. • The exercise protocol was proved to be safe with no adverse events for people with lcSSc.

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Effects of Resistance Training on Obese Adolescents

Abstract: RT alone improved endothelial function, hemodynamic and metabolic profiles, body composition, and physical fitness in nondiabetic obese adolescents regardless of changes in body mass.

Cited by 42 publications

References 40 publications

Exercise effects on perivascular adipose tissue: endocrine and paracrine determinants of vascular function

Exercise effects on perivascular adipose tissue: endocrine and paracrine determinants of vascular function

Influence of exclusive resistance training on body composition and cardiovascular risk factors in overweight and obese children and adolescents: A systematic review update

Exploring the feasibility of an exercise programme including aerobic and resistance training in people with limited cutaneous systemic sclerosis

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