Effects of resistant starch interventions on circulating inflammatory biomarkers: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Vahdat, Mahsa; Hosseini, Seyed Ahmad; Mohseni, Golsa Khalatbari; Heshmati, Javad; Rahimlou, Mehran

doi:10.1186/s12937-020-00548-6

Cited by 30 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 39 publications

(87 reference statements)

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“…If neuroinflammation is involved in the pathogenesis of hydrocephalus, inflammatory markers may serve as novel disease biomarkers. Modulation of inflammatory pathways affects a range of systemic illnesses [59,60] and may well serve as potential targets for pharmacological management of hydrocephalus. We reviewed the results presented in 22 studies, which investigated the presence of 58 inflammatory markers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inflammatory Markers in Cerebrospinal Fluid from Patients with Hydrocephalus: A Systematic Literature Review

et al. 2021

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Objective. The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate existing literature on inflammatory markers in CSF from patients with hydrocephalus and identify potential markers capable of promoting hydrocephalus development and progression. Methods. Relevant studies published before December 3rd 2020 were identified from PubMed, Embase, and reference lists. Studies were screened for eligibility using the predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data from eligible studies were extracted, and sources of bias were evaluated. We included articles written in English investigating inflammatory markers in CSF from patients with hydrocephalus and control subjects. The review was conducted according to the PRISMA guidelines by three independent reviewers. Results. Twenty-two studies analyzed CSF from 311 patients with idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH), 178 with posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus (PHH), 151 with other hydrocephalus diagnoses, and 394 control subjects. Fifty-eight inflammatory markers were investigated. The CSF of iNPH patients had increased CSF levels of IL-6, IL-1β, and LRG compared with control subjects, whereas the CSF of PHH patients had increased levels of IL-6, IL-18, and VEGF. CSF from patients with “other hydrocephalus diagnoses” had elevated IFN-γ compared to control subjects, and VEGF was increased in congenital hydrocephalus, spina bifida, and hydrocephalus associated with tuberculous meningitis compared with controls. Conclusion. IL-6, IL-1β, LRG, IL-18, VEGF, and IFN-γ are elevated in CSF from patients with hydrocephalus and may be involved in promotion of hydrocephalus development and progression. They may serve as novel disease biomarkers, and their signaling pathways may represent targets for pharmacological management of hydrocephalus.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inflammatory Markers in Cerebrospinal Fluid from Patients with Hydrocephalus: A Systematic Literature Review

et al. 2021

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“…The dosages and durations of dietary fiber intervention ranged from 3 g/day to 30 g/day (except for one study, which used guar gum at 15 mg/day, and another study that used brown rice at 225 g/d), and 4 to 13 weeks, respectively. Twenty-two meta-analyses were performed in China ( 23 , 25 – 27 , 29 – 31 , 35 – 37 , 42 , 43 , 45 , 49 , 51 , 53 – 56 , 69 – 71 ), six in Iran ( 24 , 32 – 34 , 38 , 40 ), four in the UK ( 13 , 39 , 41 , 57 ), one in Australia ( 14 ), eight in Canada ( 44 , 46 , 47 , 50 , 52 , 58 , 62 , 72 ), five in the USA ( 48 , 60 , 65 , 67 , 68 ), one in Brazil ( 59 ), one in Ireland ( 61 ), one in South Africa ( 63 ), one in Italy ( 64 ), one in the Netherlands ( 66 ), and one in Malaysia ( 28 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations between dietary fiber intake and cardiovascular risk factors: An umbrella review of meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials

Zhang

Qian

et al. 2022

Front. Nutr.

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Although several meta-analyses have revealed the beneficial effects of dietary fiber intake on human health, some have reported inconsistent findings. The purpose of this work was to perform an umbrella meta-analysis to evaluate the relevant evidence and elucidate the effect of dietary fiber intake on glycemic control, lipid profiles, systematic inflammation, and blood pressure. Eligible studies were searched in several electronic databases, including Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, and the Cochrane Library, up to March 2022. A total of 52 meta-analyses involving 47,197 subjects were identified to assess the pooled effect size. Overall, higher dietary fiber intake was significantly associated with reductions in parameters involving glycemic control, including fasting plasma glucose (ES = −0.55, 95% CI: −0.73, −0.38, P < 0.001), fasting plasma insulin (ES = −1.22, 95% CI: −1.63, −0.82, P < 0.001), homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) (ES = −0.43, 95% CI: −0.60, −0.27, P < 0.001), and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) (ES = −0.38, 95% CI: −0.50, −0.26, P < 0.001). In terms of lipid profiles, higher dietary fiber intake was associated with significant reductions in the serum level of total cholesterol (ES = −0.28, 95% CI: −0.39, −0.16, P < 0.001) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (ES = −0.25, 95% CI: −0.34, −0.16, P < 0.001), but not triglycerides (ES = −0.001, 95% CI: −0.006, 0.004, P = 0.759) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (ES = −0.002, 95% CI: −0.004, 0.000, P = 0.087). Higher dietary fiber intake was also significantly associated with improved tumor necrosis factor-alpha serum levels (ES = −0.78, 95% CI: −1.39, −0.16, P = 0.013), while no significant effect was observed for C-reactive protein (ES = −0.14, 95% CI: −0.33, 0.05, P = 0.156). Finally, blood pressure was also significantly improved following higher dietary fiber intake (systolic blood pressure: ES = −1.72, 95% CI: −2.13, −1.30, P < 0.001; diastolic blood pressure: ES = −0.67, 95% CI: −0.96, −0.37, P < 0.001). Subgroup analysis revealed that the study population and type of dietary fiber could be partial sources of heterogeneity. In conclusion, the present umbrella meta-analysis provides evidence for the role of dietary fiber supplementation in the improvement of established cardiovascular risk factors.

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“…Dietary fiber supplementation has been shown to decrease CRP levels in diabetic individuals [ 111 ], while another recent meta-analysis on the effects of resistant starch interventions on circulating inflammatory biomarkers showed a substantial reduction in the IL-6 and TNF-alpha levels, although no significant changes were found in CRP concentrations [ 112 ]. Additionally, a meta-analysis on low-glycemic-index diets (rich in fiber) reported a significant decrease in IL-6 in patients with type 2 diabetes compared to those with a higher-GI diet [ 113 ].…”

Section: Dietary Carbohydrate Fiber and Inflammationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anti-Inflammatory Nutrients and Obesity-Associated Metabolic-Inflammation: State of the Art and Future Direction

et al. 2022

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Growing evidence supports the hypothesis that dietary factors may play a role in systemic low-grade chronic inflammation. Summary evidence from randomized controlled trials has shown substantial effects on biomarkers of inflammation following the adoption of plant-based diets (including, but not limited to, the Mediterranean diet), while consistent findings have been reported for higher intakes of whole grains, fruits, and vegetables and positive trends observed for the consumption of legumes, pulses, nuts, and olive oil. Among animal food groups, dairy products have been shown to have the best benefits on biomarkers of inflammation, while red meat and egg have been shown to have neutral effects. The present review provides an overview of the mechanisms underlying the relation between dietary factors and immune system, with a focus on specific macronutrient and non-nutrient phytochemicals (polyphenols) and low-grade inflammation. Substantial differences within each macronutrient group may explain the conflicting results obtained regarding foods high in saturated fats and carbohydrates, underlying the role of specific subtypes of molecules (i.e., short-chain fatty acids or fiber vs. long chain fatty acids or free added sugars) when exploring the relation between diet and inflammation, as well as the importance of the food matrix and the commixture of foods in the context of whole dietary patterns. Dietary polyphenols and oligopeptides have been hypothesized to exert several functions, including the regulation of the inflammatory response and effects on the immune system. Overall, evidence suggests that dietary factors may affect the immune system regardless of obesity-related inflammation.

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Effects of resistant starch interventions on circulating inflammatory biomarkers: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Cited by 30 publications

References 39 publications

Inflammatory Markers in Cerebrospinal Fluid from Patients with Hydrocephalus: A Systematic Literature Review

Inflammatory Markers in Cerebrospinal Fluid from Patients with Hydrocephalus: A Systematic Literature Review

Associations between dietary fiber intake and cardiovascular risk factors: An umbrella review of meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials

Anti-Inflammatory Nutrients and Obesity-Associated Metabolic-Inflammation: State of the Art and Future Direction

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