Effects of reuse on morphology, size and shape distributions of PA 12 powder in selective laser sintering and quality of printed parts

Alo, Oluwaseun Ayotunde; Otunniyi, Iyiola Olatunji; Mauchline, David

doi:10.1007/s10965-022-03423-6

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…For this study, the materials of the new mixture were characterized to verify the integration of the new mixtures. Like other studies, the particle size and shape of PA12R were more significant than the virgin material PA12 (Alo et al, 2023b;Simha Martynkov a et al, 2021). The morphology of powder has a fundamental relation to obtaining a proper powder distribution; flowability is the most critical factor in this process as it affects the spreading ability (Farzadi et al, 2014) considering that poor powder flowability results in the nonuniform distribution of the powder bed, which causes a large proportion of inter-particle voidage within the powder bed, thus dramatically reducing the powder bed packing ratio (Zhou et al, 2014).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 70%

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Recovery of residual polyamide (PA12) from polymer powder bed fusion additive manufacturing process through a binder jetting process

Balderrama-Armendariz,

Arbelaez-Rios,

Martel-Estrada

et al. 2024

RPJ

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Purpose This study aims to propose the reuse of PA12 (powder) in another AM process, binder jettiinng, which is less sensitive to the chemical and mechanical degradation of the powder after multiple cycles in the laser system. Design/methodology/approach The experimental process for evaluating the reuse of SLS powders in a subsequent binder jetting process consists of four phases: powder characterization, bonding analysis, mixture testing and mixture characteristics. Analyses were carried out using techniques such as Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis and stress–strain tests for tension and compression. The surface roughness, color, hardness and density of the new mixture were also determined to find physical characteristics. A Taguchi design L8 was used to search for a mixture with the best mechanical strength. Findings The results indicated that the integration of waste powder PA12 with calcium sulfate hemihydrate (CSH) generates appropriate particle distribution with rounded particles of PA12 that improve powder flowability. The micropores observed with less than 60 µm, facilitated binder and infiltrant penetration on 3D parts. The 60/40 (CSH-PA12) mixture with epoxy resin postprocessing was found to be the best-bonded mixture in mechanical testing, rugosity and hardness results. The new CSH-PA12 mixture resulted lighter and stronger than the CSH powder commonly used in binder jetting technology. Originality/value This study adds value to the polymer powder bed fusion process by using its waste in a circular process. The novel reuse of PA12 waste in an established process was achieved in an accessible and economical manner.

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