Effects of rodent prefrontal lesions on object-based, visual scene memory

DeCoteau, William E.; McElvaine, Daniel; Smolentzov, Linnea; Kesner, Raymond P.

doi:10.1016/j.nlm.2009.07.003

Cited by 11 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…The structure of neurons in the OFC is modified by a wide range of experiences including social play (e.g., Bell, Pellis, & Kolb, 2010; Burleson et al, 2016; Himmler, Pellis, & Kolb, 2013) and sexual behavior (Fiorino & Kolb, 2003) so we hypothesized that social interaction, and perhaps nonsocial olfactory experience, could modify neuronal morphology in OFC. Although the mPFC does not have a known role in olfactory behavior, it does play a role in certain aspects of play and social behavior (Bell, McCaffrey, Forgie, Kolb, & Pellis, 2009; Hamilton et al, 2010; Himmler et al, 2014; Kolb, 1974) and object recognition (Barker, Bird, Alexander, & Warburton, 2007; Chao, Huston, Li, Wang, & de Souza Silva, 2016; DeCoteau, McElvaine, Smolentzov, & Kesner, 2009; Spanswick & Dyck, 2012; but see Ennaceur, Neave, & Aggleton, 1997). Thus, repeated experiences with conspecifics or nonsocial odors could involve recognition processes that engage mPFC neurons.…”

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confidence: 99%

Social and olfactory experiences modify neuronal morphology of orbital frontal cortex.

Hamilton

Silasi

Magcalas

et al. 2020

Behavioral Neuroscience

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Structural modifications in the dendritic morphology of neurons occur following many forms of experience, including exposure to drugs, complex housing, and training in specific behavioral tasks. The present study examined morphological changes in orbitofrontal (OFC) and medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) neurons of female rats following experience with a variety of social partners or nonsocial olfactory stimuli. We reasoned that experience with various social partners or olfactory stimuli, and the associated behavioral adaptations, would drive structural modifications in prefrontal cortex neurons engaged by these stimuli. Social experience was manipulated by providing rats with a novel cage-mate or housing the animal with the same cage-mate throughout the study. Similarly, olfactory experience was manipulated by introducing novel, nonsocial odors in the home cage or exposing the animals to the same home-cage odor throughout the study. Both forms of experience resulted in altered dendritic morphology in OFC neurons, whereas morphological changes in mPFC were comparatively small and limited to changes in spine density. These observations indicate that OFC and mPFC neurons respond differently to social and nonsocial olfactory stimulation in adulthood and join the growing body of data illustrating differential effects of experience on structural plasticity in OFC and mPFC.

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confidence: 99%

Social and olfactory experiences modify neuronal morphology of orbital frontal cortex.

Hamilton

Silasi

Magcalas

et al. 2020

Behavioral Neuroscience

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“…Similar interpretations are possible for other tasks that included fairly complex conditional relationships among stimuli (Winocur and Eskes 1998;Haddon and Killcross 2006;Lee and Solivan 2008). However, higher-level attention itself does not seem to automatically necessitate the mPFC unless the task is goal directed, because increasing the number of objects in a spontaneous object exploration task did not result in any performance deficit in mPFC-lesioned animals (Granon et al 1996), whereas a similar study that required the rats to perform a go/ no-go task for object-based scenes for obtaining reward required the mPFC (DeCoteau et al 2009). …”

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confidence: 99%

Medial prefrontal cortex is selectively involved in response selection using visual context in the background

Lee¹,

Shin²

2012

Learn. Mem.

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The exact roles of the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) in conditional choice behavior are unknown and a visual contextual response selection task was used for examining the issue. Inactivation of the mPFC severely disrupted performance in the task. mPFC inactivations, however, did not disrupt the capability of perceptual discrimination for visual stimuli. Normal response selection was also observed when nonvisual cues were used as conditional stimuli. The results strongly suggest that the mPFC is not necessarily involved in the inhibition of response or flexible response selection in general, but is rather critical when response selection is required conditionally using visual context in the background."Contextual response selection" enables an organism to respond flexibly and adaptively in various situations when encountering similar objects (potentially associated with conflicting responses) across different contextual settings. It is implicated in the literature that the prefrontal cortex (PFC) is critically involved in making flexible responses across different contexts (Kesner and Ragozzino 2003;Haddon and Killcross 2006;Marquis et al. 2007;Lee and Solivan 2008;Horga et al. 2011). The PFC receives direct afferent fibers from the hippocampus (Jay and Witter 1991;Thierry et al. 2000), which is one of the critical structures for contextual memory tasks (Hirsh 1974;Good and Honey 1991;Kim and Fanselow 1992;Kim and Lee 2011). Presumably related to such "contextual connections," perturbations of PFC lead to severe impairment in contextual response selection tasks in which visual contextual cues play significant roles (Haddon and Killcross 2006;Jo et al. 2007;Marquis et al. 2007;Lee and Solivan 2008).In prior studies, however, behavioral tasks required subjects to learn complicated multiple relationships between noncontextual stimuli (e.g., object, light, tone, etc.) and visual contexts (e.g., room cues) when testing contextual response selection (Haddon and Killcross 2006;Marquis et al. 2007;Lee and Solivan 2008). In other cases, rats learned biconditional associations between two different objects and locations in a maze and flexibly responded to a context-relevant object for obtaining reward (Lee and Solivan 2008). What these studies have tested is whether rats could learn associations between multiple individual cues and discrete contexts and whether PFC was necessary in flexibly responding (or not responding) to particular cue-context paired associates. It is unclear in these behavioral paradigms, however, how much "response selection" component was tested and also what proportion of resulting performance deficits following PFC manipulations could be attributed to contextual response selection per se. In the current study, in order to establish a more straightforward relationship between context and response selection behavior, we removed the requirement of associating other sensory cues (e.g., light, tone, and objects) with context and just made a single object (i.e., sand-filled jar) allow two distinctively...

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“…Studies which provide evidence displaying a flat, or ungraded, retrograde amnesia following hippocampal damage exist as well (Bolhuis and Stewart, 1994;Broadbent et al, 2006;Burwell et al, 2004;Clark et al, 2005aClark et al, ,b, 2007Driscoll et al, 2005;Epp et al, 2008;Gaffan, 1993;Gaskin et al, 2003;Haijima and Ichitani, 2008;Koerner et al, 1996;Lehmann et al, 2007Lehmann et al, , 2013Martin et al, 2005;Mumby et al, 1999;Riedel et al, 1999;Salmon et al, 1987;Sparks et al, 2011;Sutherland et al, 2008;Thornton et al, 1997;Weisand et al, 1996;Wiltgen et al, 2006;Winocur et al, 2005a,b). Similarly, conflicting results exist for the role of the ACC, with some research suggesting that inactivation of the ACC does not impair remote memory storage or retrieval processes (DeCoteau et al, 2009;Oswald et al, 2010).…”

Section: Animal Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While a number of studies have shown that inactivation of the ACC hinders performance on remote memory tests (Ding et al, 2008;Frankland et al, 2004;Lopez et al, 2012;Maviel et al, 2004;Teixeira et al, 2006) others have shown that inactivation of the ACC does not impair remote memory storage/retrieval (DeCoteau et al, 2009;Oswald et al, 2010). We explored this discrepancy by suggesting that a memory would more fully come to rely on neural ensembles in the ACC when distinct memories were sequentially encoded by overlapping neural ensembles in the hippocampus.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

A Synaptic and Systems Level Investigation of Memory Processes Using a Novel Multiple Memory Behavioural Procedure

Wartman¹

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It is proposed that memories stabilize through synaptic and systems level consolidation processes, forming long-lasting memory representations. Systems consolidation models suggest that hippocampal contribution to memory storage disengages as time progresses, while ensembles of cortical neurons are proposed to form increasingly strong connections that store and represent remote memories as consolidation proceeds. Investigations into memory representations highlight discrepancies between the involvement of a cortical region in remote memory processes, the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), and the hippocampus. The present thesis introduces a novel behavioural procedure that examines the effect of increased processing demands on the hippocampus and the consequent effect on memory consolidation, storage and retrieval.Rats were trained on a single spatial task, two different spatial tasks, or one spatial and one non-spatial task. Regional involvement of the hippocampus and the ACC during retrieval were examined using immediate early genes and proteins of interest. Structural modifications in memory storage were examined using the Golgi-Cox method and quantification of dendritic complexity was analyzed through neuron reconstruction. The contribution of the ACC to spatial memory retrieval was assessed through behavioural performance and transient ACC pharmacological inactivation.The present thesis provides evidence that increased demand on the hippocampus results in accelerated processing of spatial memories. Findings show that the involvement of the ACC in memory processing can be manipulated by increasing hippocampal-processing demand. Functional, structural and behavioral data suggest that taxing the demand on the hippocampus accelerates the involvement of the ACC. There is also evidence of continued hippocampal involvement in memory processes at recent and remote time points. Taken together, these findings indicate an increased recruitment of the ACC, but not an accelerated independence from the hippocampus, in spatial memory processes. The use of a novel behavioral procedure aimed at increasing hippocampaldemand can reveal processes more similar to those present in the human condition, where there is a constant demand on memory systems. The novelty of the findings presented in this thesis will further our understanding of remote memory. i 0.2 Co-Authors Mathew R. Holahan Jennifer Gabel ii AcknowledgmentsThere are many people to credit with helping me reach this goal. I owe thanks to my colleagues, the staff and faculty at Carleton University and my supervisor, Dr. Matthew Holahan. I want to extend a special thanks to my friends and family for their encouragement and patience with me throughout this process and the reassuring words they provided me with countless times.iii 0.4 Dedication I dedicate this thesis to my soon-to-be husband, Dr. Zack Patterson. Over the last five years, Zack has had unwavering confidence in my abilities. He has celebrated my successes and supported me through tough times. I could not have ...

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Effects of rodent prefrontal lesions on object-based, visual scene memory

Cited by 11 publications

References 63 publications

Social and olfactory experiences modify neuronal morphology of orbital frontal cortex.

Social and olfactory experiences modify neuronal morphology of orbital frontal cortex.

Medial prefrontal cortex is selectively involved in response selection using visual context in the background

A Synaptic and Systems Level Investigation of Memory Processes Using a Novel Multiple Memory Behavioural Procedure

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