Effects of salinity on growth, body composition, muscle fatty acid composition, and antioxidant status of juvenile Nile tilapia<i>Oreochromis niloticus</i>(Linnaeus, 1758)

Gan, Lei; Xu, Zhixin; J., J.; Xu, Chang; Wang, X. D.; Chen, K.; Chen, L. Q.; Li, Erchao

doi:10.1111/jai.12997

Cited by 37 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Hypersaline stress can exert various adverse effects on Nile tilapia, including slow growth, low disease resistance, and impaired immune and antioxidant functions (Chang and Plumb, 1996 ; Iqbal et al, 2012 ; Gan et al, 2016 ; Pereira et al, 2016 ; Bosisio et al, 2017 ). The brain is the central organ controlling the behavior and physiology of the animal, and the response of a fish brain to environmental change may explain the adaptive mechanism of a fish to hypersaline stress.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus , is a species in aquaculture around the world, and rearing Nile tilapia in brackish water has received considerable attention in the past decade because of tilapia's wide range of salinity tolerance after appropriate salinity acclimation (Gan et al, 2016 ). As a result, various studies have been conducted on tilapia to explore the effects of salinity on fish osmoregulation (Al-Harbi and Uddin, 2005 ; Putra et al, 2013 ; Ninh et al, 2014 ; Thoa et al, 2015 ; Mashaii et al, 2016 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Brain Transcriptome Profiling Analysis of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Under Long-Term Hypersaline Stress

Liu

et al. 2018

Front. Physiol.

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The fish brain plays an important role in controlling growth, development, reproduction, and adaptation to environmental change. However, few studies stem from the perspective of whole transcriptome change in a fish brain and its response to long-term hypersaline stress. This study compares the differential transcriptomic responses of juvenile Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) maintained for 8 weeks in brackish water (16 practical salinity units, psu) and in freshwater. Fish brains from each treatment were collected for RNA-seq analysis to identify potential genes and pathways responding to hypersaline stress. A total of 27,089 genes were annotated, and 391 genes were expressed differently in the salinity treatment. Ten pathways containing 40 differentially expressed genes were identified in the tilapia brain. Antigen processing and presentation and phagosome were the two principally affected pathways in the immune system. Thirty-one of 40 genes were involved in various expressions associated with environmental information processing pathways such as neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction, cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, the Jak-STAT signaling pathway, cell adhesion molecules (CAMs), and the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, which are the upstream pathways for modulation of immunity and osmoregulation. The most-changed genes (>5-fold) were all down-regulated, including four growth hormone/prolactin gene families, i.e., prolactin precursor (−10.62), prolactin-1 (−11), somatotropin (−10.15), somatolactin-like (−6.18), and two other genes [thyrotropin subunit beta (−7.73) and gonadotropin subunit beta-2 (−5.06)] that stimulated prolactin release in tilapia. The downregulation pattern of these genes corroborates the decrease in tilapia immunity with increasing salinity and reveals an adaptive mechanism of tilapia to long-term hypersaline stress. Ovarian steroidogenesis, isoquinoline alkaloid biosynthesis, and phenylalanine metabolism are the three important pathways in the response of the fish to long-term hypersaline stress. This study has identified several pathways and relevant genes that are involved in salinity regulation in a euryhaline fish and provides insight into understanding regulatory mechanisms of fish to salinity change.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Brain Transcriptome Profiling Analysis of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Under Long-Term Hypersaline Stress

Liu

et al. 2018

Front. Physiol.

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“…Nile tilapia is one of the most important commercial freshwater fish in aquaculture worldwide due to its fast growth rate, relatively low production cost and high tolerance to adverse conditions. The tolerance of a wide range of salinity makes it an important species in brackish water aquaculture [20], and it has become a model species to study salinity adaptation in aquatic organisms. However, Nile tilapia in brackish water have shown lower immunity and higher disease susceptibility than in freshwater and result in disease outbreak and metabolic disorder [19,21,22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Histological and transcriptomic responses of two immune organs, the spleen and head kidney, in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) to long-term hypersaline stress

Suo

et al. 2018

Fish & Shellfish Immunology

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Hyperosmotic stress can adversely affect fish immunity, but little is known about the histological and transcriptomic responses of immune organs in fish in a hyperosmotic environment. This study evaluated the effects of long-term hypersaline conditions (16‰) on the growth, histology and transcriptomics of the two main immune organs, the spleen and head kidney, in Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus relative to those reared in freshwater for eight weeks. No differences in weight gain and specific growth rate were found between fish reared under these two salinities. Hyperosmotic stress induced a congestive or enlarged spleen. Platelet- and coagulation-related gene expression was significantly decreased in tilapia at 16‰. The red cell distribution width and value of the mean corpuscular hemoglobin were significantly greater in fish at 16‰ salinity than in control fish in freshwater. A large volume of melano-macrophages in the spleen and pigment deposition in both the spleen and head kidney were observed in the histological sections in fish at 16‰ salinity. Transmission electron microscopic results showed abnormal macrophages with deposition granules in the spleen and head kidney and more neutrophils in the head kidney of fish at 16‰ than in control fish. In total, 772 and 502 genes were annotated for significantly different expression in the spleen and head kidney, respectively, and corresponded to five and one significantly changed immune system pathways, respectively. The complement pathway in the spleen was significantly down-regulated at 16‰. This study indicates that long-term exposure of Nile tilapia to a hyperosmotic environment can induce splenomegaly, reduce coagulation function, enhance phagocytic activity and down-regulate the complement pathway in the spleen. The spleen is a more sensitive organ for immune responses to chronic ambient salinity stress than the head kidney in Nile tilapia.

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“…and ED-17.88 groups at that time. Support for this inference is found in several recent studies (Gan et al, 2016;Liao et al, 2012;Zanette et al, 2011), in which MDA content increased under salinity stress, but low MDA content was observed in fish with a strong antioxidant ability.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 57%

Fatty acid composition, osmolality, Na ⁺ , K ⁺ ‐ATPase activity, cortisol content and antioxidant status of rainbow trout ( Oncorhynchus mykiss ) in response to various dietary levels of eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid

et al. 2020

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This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of dietary eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) levels on the fatty acid composition, salinity tolerance and antioxidant status of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Four diets were formulated with total EPA and DHA contents of 5. 41, 9.55, 13.97 and 17.88 g/ kg (abbreviated as ED-5.41, ED-9.55, ED-13.97 and ED-17.88 respectively). Rainbow trout (initial weight of 90.61 ± 9.25 g) were fed the experimental diets for 8 weeks to accumulate significant differences in fatty acid composition and subsequently underwent salinity acclimation. Our results indicated that high dietary EPA and DHA significantly improved the EPA and DHA content in fish tissues. The serum osmolality of fish returned to their freshwater values in the ED-9.55, ED-13.97 and ED-17.88 groups. The Na + , K + -ATPase (NKA) activity of fish in the ED-13.97 group changed dramatically to adapt the fish to the hypertonic environment. Moreover, there was no significant difference in the serum cortisol concentration and liver catalase (CAT) activity of fish in the ED-13.97 group during salinity acclimation. The liver superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in the ED-13.97 group was significantly higher than that in ED-5.41 and ED-9.55 groups at the end of salinity acclimation. The muscle malondialdehyde (MDA) content in the ED-13.97 group was significantly lower than that in the ED-17.88 group before salinity acclimation and significantly lower than the ED-5.41 and ED-17.88 groups on day 7 of acclimation. The results of this study indicate that the rainbow trout in the ED-13.97 group exhibited optimal salinity acclimation performance. K E Y W O R D Santioxidant status, docosahexaenoic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, fatty acid, rainbow trout, salinity adaptability

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Effects of salinity on growth, body composition, muscle fatty acid composition, and antioxidant status of juvenile Nile tilapiaOreochromis niloticus(Linnaeus, 1758)

Cited by 37 publications

References 11 publications

Brain Transcriptome Profiling Analysis of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Under Long-Term Hypersaline Stress

Brain Transcriptome Profiling Analysis of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Under Long-Term Hypersaline Stress

Histological and transcriptomic responses of two immune organs, the spleen and head kidney, in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) to long-term hypersaline stress

Fatty acid composition, osmolality, Na ⁺ , K ⁺ ‐ATPase activity, cortisol content and antioxidant status of rainbow trout ( Oncorhynchus mykiss ) in response to various dietary levels of eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid

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Effects of salinity on growth, body composition, muscle fatty acid composition, and antioxidant status of juvenile Nile tilapiaOreochromis niloticus(Linnaeus, 1758)

Cited by 37 publications

References 11 publications

Brain Transcriptome Profiling Analysis of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Under Long-Term Hypersaline Stress

Brain Transcriptome Profiling Analysis of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Under Long-Term Hypersaline Stress

Histological and transcriptomic responses of two immune organs, the spleen and head kidney, in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) to long-term hypersaline stress

Fatty acid composition, osmolality, Na + , K + ‐ATPase activity, cortisol content and antioxidant status of rainbow trout ( Oncorhynchus mykiss ) in response to various dietary levels of eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid

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Fatty acid composition, osmolality, Na ⁺ , K ⁺ ‐ATPase activity, cortisol content and antioxidant status of rainbow trout ( Oncorhynchus mykiss ) in response to various dietary levels of eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid