Effects of salinity on sublethal toxicity of atrazine to mummichog (Fundulus heteroclitus) larvae

Fortin, Marie-Gil; Couillard, Catherine M.; Pellerin, J.; Lebeuf, Michel

doi:10.1016/j.marenvres.2007.09.007

Cited by 29 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…A 96-hour exposure to atrazine at 5 µg/L impaired osmotic control in F. heteroclitus larvae, with higher prevalence of dehydrated larvae at isoosmotic (15 ppt) and extreme (35 ppt) salinities and hyperhydrated larvae at low salinities of 3 ppt (Fortin et al, 2008). In the absence of atrazine, salinity had no effect on the prevalence of hyper or hypo hydrated fish.…”

Section: Altered Environmental Salinitymentioning

confidence: 89%

“…Heugens et al (2001) attribute the increased toxicity observed at elevated salinity to higher physiological costs for organisms to maintain osmoregulation leading to a decline in fitness and elevated sensitivity to contaminant exposures. There is support for this assertion as several studies show that altered salinity profiles coupled with POP and pesticide exposures may alter osmoregulatory function in aquatic organisms (Fortin et al, 2008;Hall et al, 1995;Moore et al, 2003;Schiedek et al, 2007;Schlenk and El-Alfy, 1998;Tachikawa and Sawamura, 1994;Wang et al, 2001;Waring and Moore, 2004).…”

Section: Altered Environmental Salinitymentioning

confidence: 97%

“…▪ Pollutant-exposed ectotherms and species at the edge of their physiological tolerance range may be especially sensitive to temperature increases. Altered environmental salinity ▪ ↓ solubility and ↑ bioavailability of pesticides/POPs ("salting out effect") ( Fortin et al, 2008;Heugens et al, 2001;Moore et al, 2003;Schiedek et al, 2007;Schlenk and El-Alfy, 1998;Schwarzenbach et al, 2003;Song and Brown, 1998;Tachikawa and Sawamura, 1994;Wang et al, 2001;Waring and Moore, 2004) ▪ ↑ salinity + ↑ POP/pesticide exposure may alter osmoregulation due to altered enzymatic pathways Altered ecosystems ▪ Altered POP sequestration and/or remobilization through shifts in food sources and starvation events (AMAP, 2004;Braune et al, 2005;Furnell and Schweinsburg, 1984;Jenssen, 2006;Macdonald et al, 2005Macdonald et al, , 2003Olafsdottir et al, 1998;Ramsay and Stirling, 1982;Schiedek et al, 2007, Stirling et al, 1999) ▪ Shifts in disease vector range and severity coupled with toxicant exposure inhibiting immune response may leave wildlife more susceptible to disease ▪ Low level exposures may impair organism acclimation to ecosystem alterations induced by climate change ▪ Climate change induced changes in trophic food webs may alter POP bioaccumulation and biomagnification mykiss) exposed to the insecticide endosulfan as temperature was increased from 13°C to 16°C. In contrast to these findings, pyrethroids and DDT are generally thought to be more toxic under low temperature conditions, which may be due to a sodium channel modulated increase in nervous system vulnerability at lower temperatures (Narahashi, 2000).…”

Section: Relationships/interactions Referencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Salinity-contaminant interactions are made additionally complex because salinity can influence the chemical itself or it may modulate toxicity and physiological functioning of species (Fortin et al, 2008;Heugens et al, 2001;Moore et al, 2003;Schiedek et al, 2007;Schlenk and El-Alfy, 1998;Schwarzenbach et al, 2003;Song and Brown, 1998;Tachikawa and Sawamura, 1994;Wang et al, 2001;Waring and Moore, 2004). Organic compounds are generally less soluble and more bioavailable in saltwater than in freshwater due to the "salting out" effect whereby water molecules are strongly bound by salts making them unavailable for dissolution of organic chemicals (Schwarzenbach et al, 2003).…”

Section: Altered Environmental Salinitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Spikes in atrazine concentrations may occur after heavy rain events with concentrations reported in North American rivers at up to 108 µg/L and in the Chesapeake Bay at up to 30 µg/L (Fortin et al, 2008). A 96-hour exposure to atrazine at 5 µg/L impaired osmotic control in F. heteroclitus larvae, with higher prevalence of dehydrated larvae at isoosmotic (15 ppt) and extreme (35 ppt) salinities and hyperhydrated larvae at low salinities of 3 ppt (Fortin et al, 2008).…”

Section: Altered Environmental Salinitymentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

The toxicology of climate change: Environmental contaminants in a warming world

Noyes

McElwee

Miller

et al. 2009

Environment International

970

569

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Climate change induced by anthropogenic warming of the earth's atmosphere is a daunting problem. This review examines one of the consequences of climate change that has only recently attracted attention: namely, the effects of climate change on the environmental distribution and toxicity of chemical pollutants. A review was undertaken of the scientific literature (original research articles, reviews, government and intergovernmental reports) focusing on the interactions of toxicants with the environmental parameters, temperature, precipitation, and salinity, as altered by climate change. Three broad classes of chemical toxicants of global significance were the focus: air pollutants, persistent organic pollutants (POPs), including some organochlorine pesticides, and other classes of pesticides. Generally, increases in temperature will enhance the toxicity of contaminants and increase concentrations of tropospheric ozone regionally, but will also likely increase rates of chemical degradation. While further research is needed, climate change coupled with air pollutant exposures may have potentially serious adverse consequences for human health in urban and polluted regions. Climate change producing alterations in: food webs, lipid dynamics, ice and snow melt, and organic carbon cycling could result in increased POP levels in water, soil, and biota. There is also compelling evidence that increasing temperatures could be deleterious to pollutant-exposed wildlife. For example, elevated water temperatures may alter the biotransformation of contaminants to more bioactive metabolites and impair homeostasis. The complex interactions between climate change and pollutants may be particularly problematic for species living at the edge of their physiological tolerance range where acclimation capacity may be limited. In addition to temperature increases, regional precipitation patterns are projected to be altered with climate change. Regions subject to decreases in precipitation may experience enhanced volatilization of POPs and pesticides to the atmosphere. Reduced precipitation will also increase air pollution in urbanized regions resulting in negative health effects, which may be exacerbated by temperature increases. Regions subject to increased precipitation will have lower levels of air pollution, but will likely experience enhanced surface deposition of airborne POPs and increased run-off of pesticides. Moreover, increases in the intensity and frequency of storm events linked to climate change could lead to more severe episodes of chemical contamination of water bodies and surrounding watersheds. Changes in salinity may affect aquatic organisms as an independent stressor as well as by altering the bioavailability and in some instances increasing the toxicity of chemicals. A paramount issue will be to identify species and populations especially vulnerable to climate-pollutant interactions, in the context of the many other physical, chemical, and biological stressors that will be altered with climate change. Moreover, it w...

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Section: Altered Environmental Salinitymentioning

confidence: 89%

Section: Altered Environmental Salinitymentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Relationships/interactions Referencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Altered Environmental Salinitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Altered Environmental Salinitymentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

The toxicology of climate change: Environmental contaminants in a warming world

Noyes

McElwee

Miller

et al. 2009

Environment International

970

569

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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Effects of atrazine and chlorothalonil on the reproductive success, development, and growth of early life stage sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka)

Gas

Ross

Walker

et al. 2017

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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The effects of 2 currently used commercial pesticide formulations on Pacific sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka), from fertilization to emergence, were evaluated in a gravel-bed flume incubator that simulated a natural streambed. Embryos were exposed to atrazine at 25 µg/L (low atrazine) or atrazine at 250 µg/L (high atrazine) active ingredient (a.i.), and chlorothalonil at 0.5 µg/L (low chlorothalonil) or chlorothalonil at 5 µg/L a.i. (high chlorothalonil) and examined for effects on developmental success and timing, as well as physical and biochemical growth parameters. Survival to hatch was reduced in the high chlorothalonil group (55% compared with 83% in controls), accompanied by a 24% increase in finfold deformity incidence. Reduced alevin condition factor (2.9-5.4%) at emergence and elevated triglyceride levels were seen in chlorothalonil-exposed fish. Atrazine exposure caused premature hatch (average high atrazine time to 50% hatch [H50] = 100 d postfertilization [dpf]), and chlorothalonil exposure caused delayed hatch (high chlorothalonil H50 = 108 dpf; controls H50 = 102 dpf). All treatments caused premature emergence (average time to 50% emergence [E50]: control E50 = 181 dpf, low chlorothalonil E50 = 175 dpf, high chlorothalonil E50 = 174 dpf, high atrazine E50 = 175 dpf, low atrazine E50 = 174 dpf), highlighting the importance of using a gravel-bed incubator to examine this subtle, but critical endpoint. These alterations indicate that atrazine and chlorothalonil could affect survival of early life stages of sockeye salmon in the wild. Environ Toxicol Chem 2017;36:1354-1364. © 2017 SETAC.

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A Guideline Value for Dioxin‐Like Compounds in Marine Sediments

Manning¹,

Batley

2022

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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Sediments to be dredged as part of the installation of a harbor crossing in Sydney, Australia, contained measurable concentrations of dioxin-like compounds. To assess the suitability of these sediments for ocean disposal, a defensible sediment quality guideline value (SQGV) for dioxin-like compounds, expressed as pg toxic equivalent (TEQ) fish /g dry weight, was required. There were deemed to be too many uncertainties associated with a value derived using effects data from field studies. A similar issue was associated with values based on equilibrium partitioning from sediment to pore water, largely associated with the wide range of reported sediment:water partition coefficients. Greater certainty was associated with the use of a tissue residue approach based on equilibrium partitioning between sediment and organisms determined using tissue concentrations in fish, the most sensitive aquatic biota, and biota:sediment accumulation factors. The calculation of an appropriate SQGV used data for dioxin-like compounds in both fish and sediments from Sydney Harbor. A conservative SQGV for dioxin-like compounds of 70 pg TEQ/g dry weight was deemed to be adequately protective of biota that might be exposed to these contaminants in sediments at the ocean spoil ground. The approach is transferable to similar situations internationally.

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Effects of salinity on sublethal toxicity of atrazine to mummichog (Fundulus heteroclitus) larvae

Cited by 29 publications

References 40 publications

The toxicology of climate change: Environmental contaminants in a warming world

The toxicology of climate change: Environmental contaminants in a warming world

Effects of atrazine and chlorothalonil on the reproductive success, development, and growth of early life stage sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka)

A Guideline Value for Dioxin‐Like Compounds in Marine Sediments

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