Effects of sand movement by wind on nematodes and soil-borne fungi in coastal foredunes

Goes, P.C.E.M. De Rooij van der; Dijk, C. Van; Putten, Wim H. van der; Jungerius, P.D.

doi:10.1007/bf02908189

Cited by 5 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 22 publications

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“…Alike, soil nematodes are both numerous (in non-desert soil, averaging 2 million individuals per square meter) and usually more or less cosmopolitan. Many of them can withstand long periods of cryptobiosis and therefore can be transported at great distances by wind (Orr and Newton 1971, Carroll and Viglierchio 1981, Baujard and Martiny 1994, de Rooij-van der Goes et al 1997, Womersley et al 1998, Wharton 2004, Nkem et al 2006, water (Faulkner and Bolander 1966, 1970, Roccuzzo and Ciancio 1991, even tap water (Dózsa-Farkas 1965, Mott and Harrison 1983, Lupi et al 1994 and animals (Thorne 1968, Kiontke 1996, Gaugler and Bilgrami 2004, Curčic et al 2004.…”

Section: The Biogeography Of Nematodesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cosmopolitism and endemism in free-living nematodes

Zullini¹

2018

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Most free-living nematodes should have a global distribution if they would follow general tendencies of microbial organisms. Information on free-living nematodes presented in this review demonstrates that this cosmopolitanism is less common than assumed by theory. While very large distribution ranges are observed in a number of nematode species, various examples of endemism are described for isolated units like islands, extreme environments and ancient pre-Quaternary lakes. Endemism is generally rare among microorganisms, but a typical observation for larger organisms. The biogeography of nematodes thus reflects their intermediate position between macro-and microorganisms and future studies on this interesting group may help identifying why the positive relationship between body size and range size observed in large animals shifts to a negative relationship in microbial organisms.

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Section: The Biogeography Of Nematodesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cosmopolitism and endemism in free-living nematodes

Zullini¹

2018

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Interactions between above‐ and belowground biota: importance for small‐scale vegetation mosaics in a grassland ecosystem

Blomqvist¹,

Olff²,

Blaauw³

et al. 2000

Oikos

102

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Grasslands are often characterised by small‐scale mosaics in plant community composition that contribute to their diversity. Although above‐ and belowground biota can both cause such mosaics, few studies have addressed their interacting effects. We studied multi‐trophic interactions between aboveground vertebrate grazers, subterranean ants, plant‐pathogenic soil biota (especially nematodes) and the vegetation in a temperate grassland. We found that when rabbits and cattle locally omit vegetation patches, yellow ants (Lasius flavus) respond to the taller vegetation by digging up more sand from deeper soil layers (hence making taller nest mounds), probably to maintain sufficiently high soil temperatures. We found that this ant digging affects other soil biota, as the mounds contain fewer plant‐parasitic and fungivore nematodes. Also, the mounds have lower moisture content and soil bulk densities, and higher pH and available nutrient content than the directly surrounding soil. The clonal sedge Carex arenaria grows vigorously on the mounds, producing more shoots and shorter rhizome internode lengths than in surrounding vegetation. Other plant species, such as the grass Festuca rubra, dominate the surrounding vegetation. A greenhouse bioassay experiment revealed that harmful soil organisms (as plant‐parasitic nematodes and pathogenic fungi) outweighed the effect of beneficial organisms (e.g., mycorrhizae) in this system. Rhizome biomass and shoot production of C. arenaria were indeed inhibited less by biota in soil from ant mounds than by biota in soil from the surrounding vegetation. However, the total biomass production of C. arenaria was inhibited as strongly in both soil types. F. rubra was inhibited more strongly by biota in the surrounding soil. We suggest that various direct and indirect interactions between above‐ and belowground biota can contribute to community mosaics and hence diversity in grasslands.

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The pervasive impact of global climate change on plant-nematode interaction continuum

Rao

Phani

2023

Front. Plant Sci.

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Pest profiles in today’s global food production system are continually affected by climate change and extreme weather. Under varying climatic conditions, plant-parasitic nematodes (PPNs) cause substantial economic damage to a wide variety of agricultural and horticultural commodities. In parallel, their herbivory also accredit to diverse ecosystem services such as nutrient cycling, allocation and turnover of plant biomass, shaping of vegetation community, and alteration of rhizospheric microorganism consortium by modifying the root exudation pattern. Thus PPNs, together with the vast majority of free-living nematodes, act as ecological drivers. Because of direct exposure to the open environment, PPN biology and physiology are largely governed by environmental factors including temperature, precipitation, humidity, atmospheric and soil carbon dioxide level, and weather extremes. The negative effects of climate change such as global warming, elevated CO2, altered precipitation and the weather extremes including heat waves, droughts, floods, wildfires and storms greatly influence the biogeographic range, distribution, abundance, survival, fitness, reproduction, and parasitic potential of the PPNs. Changes in these biological and ecological parameters associated to the PPNs exert huge impact on agriculture. Yet, depending on how adaptable the species are according to their geo-spatial distribution, the consequences of climate change include both positive and negative effects on the PPN communities. While assorting the effects of climate change as a whole, it can be estimated that the changing environmental factors, on one hand, will aggravate the PPN damage by aiding to abundance, distribution, reproduction, generation, plant growth and reduced plant defense, but the phenomena like sex reversal, entering cryptobiosis, and reduced survival should act in counter direction. This seemingly creates a contraposition effect, where assessing any confluent trend is difficult. However, as the climate change effects will differ according to space and time it is apprehensible that the PPNs will react and adapt according to their location and species specificity. Nevertheless, the bio-ecological shifts in the PPNs will necessitate tweaking their management practices from the agri-horticultural perspective. In this regard, we must aim for a ‘climate-smart’ package that will take care of the food production, pest prevention and environment protection. Integrated nematode management involving precise monitoring and modeling-based studies of population dynamics in relation to climatic fluctuations with escalated reliance on biocontrol, host resistance, and other safer approaches like crop rotation, crop scheduling, cover cropping, biofumigation, use of farmyard manure (FYM) would surely prove to be viable options. Although the novel nematicidal molecules are target-specific and relatively less harmful to the environment, their application should not be promoted following the global aim to reduce pesticide usage in future agriculture. Thus, having a reliable risk assessment with scenario planning, the adaptive management strategies must be designed to cope with the impending situation and satisfy the farmers’ need.

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Effects of sand movement by wind on nematodes and soil-borne fungi in coastal foredunes

Cited by 5 publications

References 22 publications

Cosmopolitism and endemism in free-living nematodes

Cosmopolitism and endemism in free-living nematodes

Interactions between above‐ and belowground biota: importance for small‐scale vegetation mosaics in a grassland ecosystem

The pervasive impact of global climate change on plant-nematode interaction continuum

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