Effects of scapular dyskinesis and scapular assistance test on subacromial space during static arm elevation

Seitz, Amee L.; McClure, Philip; Lynch, Stephanie; Ketchum, Jessica M.; Michener, Lori A.

doi:10.1016/j.jse.2011.01.008

Cited by 79 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Altered positions or motions of the scapula might be part of a normal variation (Wright et al, 2013), and scapula dyskinesis is a common finding in asymptomatic individuals Pluim, 2013). However, in agreement with several other authors (Rabin et al, 2006;Cools et al, 2008;McClure et al, 2012;Seitz et al, 2012;Kibler et al, 2013b;Struyf et al, 2014b), the mSAT is helpful to identify if the scapula is a contributing factor to shoulder pain. Since loaded tasks alter scapular kinematics Ludewig and Cook, 2000;Kon et al, 2008;Forte et al, 2009;Ludewig and Reynolds, 2009), and as a consequence this may increase the patient's symptoms, the use of handheld weights is helpful in case of subtle scapular involvement contributing to shoulder pain in patients whose symptoms might not be reproduced during unloaded elevation.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 70%

Interrater reliability of the modified scapular assistance test with and without handheld weights

et al. 2015

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 70%

Interrater reliability of the modified scapular assistance test with and without handheld weights

et al. 2015

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“…Solem Bertoff et al, 1993(Solem-Bertoft et al, 1993, found a negative relationship between acromio-humeral distances and scapular protraction with CT imaging. Seitz et al, 2012(Seitz et al, 2012, reported no link between observed scapular dyskinesis and acromio-humeral distance measured with ultrasound, but did note a non-significant increase in the acromio-humeral distance with manual upward rotation and posterior tilting of the scapula.…”

Section: Scapular Kinematic Factorsmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…There is conflicting evidence as to whether altered motion patterns seen in pathology are actually detrimental (cause the pathology) or beneficial (compensate for the pathology) (Karduna et al, 2005). To date, the relationship between scapular position and acromio-humeral distance has been explored (Seitz et al, 2012;Silva et al, 2010;Solem-Bertoft et al, 1993). Using ultrasound, Silva et al, 2010 (113), reported that there was a decrease in acromio-humeral distance in subjects with scapular dyskinesis.…”

Section: Scapular Kinematic Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An evidence-based review of current perceptions with regard to the subacromial space in shoulder impingement syndromes: Is it important and what influences it?

Mackenzie¹,

Herrington²,

Horlsey³

et al. 2015

Clinical Biomechanics

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“…This test has good test/retest reliability [ 70 ]. The test has been found to alter scapular motion by increasing scapular posterior tilt [ 71 ], so a positive test would point to the need for improvement in pectoralis fl exibility and lower trapezius strength. In the SRT, the examiner grades the supraspinatus muscle strength following standard manual muscle testing procedures or by a hand held dynamometer (Fig.…”

Section: Symptom Alteration (Corrective Maneuvers)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Kinematics of Scapular Motion

Kibler¹,

Sciascia²

2015

Normal and Pathological Anatomy of the Shoulder

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Scapular motion has traditionally been described in a single planar two-dimensional model, with scapular upward rotation and acromial elevation as the end point [ 1 , 2 ]. Upper trapezius activation to pull the acromion up and serratus anterior activation to move the inferior border laterally were described as the key muscle force couples [ 1 , 3 , 4 ]. The magnitude of the upward rotation varied between studies but averaged 60°, establishing the 1:2 scapula /humerus motion ratio for total scapulohumeral rhythm (SHR).Recent studies show that scapular motion is actually multiplanar and three-dimensional. This work, using motion tracking systems and indwelling bone pins [ 5 -8 ] demonstrates that total scapular movement is a composite of motions (rotations around axes) and translations (sliding along a surface).The three observable rotary motions are upward/downward rotation around an axis perpendicular to the scapular body, internal/external rotation around a vertical axis along the medial border, and anterior/posterior tilt around a horizontal axis along the scapular spine. The absolute amount of each rotation varies within the studies. The indwelling bone pin study by Ludewig is probably the most accurate [ 7 ]. It shows that the resting position, in relation to the thorax, is 5.4° of upward rotation, 41.1° of internal rotation, and 13.5° of anterior tilt. As the arm moves to maximum elevation, the scapula moves in all three motions. It upwardly rotates 45°, posteriorly tilts 21°, and moves into internal then external rotation with a net change towards external rotation of 2° [ 9 ]. The largest part of these motions occurs in arm elevations above 80°.Two translations can occur in the presence of an intact clavicular strut and acromioclavicular (AC) joint. They are upward/downward sliding on the thorax due to clavicular upward/downward motion at the sternoclavicular (SC) joint and anterior/posterior sliding around the curvature of the thorax due to clavicular anterior/posterior motion at the SC joint.The clavicle and the SC and AC joints are major factors in creating the scapular positions, motions, and translations. The clavicle is the only bony connection of the scapula to the axial skeleton. This creates a stable strut, allowing controlled motion in several planes. To maximize scapular movement and scapulohumeral motion during maximal arm elevation, the clavicle retracts 16°, elevates 6°, and posteriorly rotates on its long axis 31° [ 9 ]. All these motions are

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Effects of scapular dyskinesis and scapular assistance test on subacromial space during static arm elevation

Cited by 79 publications

References 42 publications

Interrater reliability of the modified scapular assistance test with and without handheld weights

Interrater reliability of the modified scapular assistance test with and without handheld weights

An evidence-based review of current perceptions with regard to the subacromial space in shoulder impingement syndromes: Is it important and what influences it?

Kinematics of Scapular Motion

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