Effects of schooling and literacy on linguistic abstraction: The role of holistic vs. analytic processing styles

Klein, Olivier; Ventura, Paulo; Fernandes, Tânia; Garcia­‐Marques, Leonel; Licata, Laurent; Semin, Gün R.

doi:10.1002/ejsp.759

Cited by 12 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Four linguistic categories can be used to classify actions at increasing levels of abstraction: descriptive action verbs that describe a specific behavior from beginning to end (e.g., talk, walk, visit), interpretive action verbs that describe a behavior that can be interpreted differently across situations (e.g., help, encourage, mislead), state verbs that describe mental states of another person (e.g., love, hate, trust), and adjectives that classify people in relation to others (e.g., friendly, bashful, respectful; Semin & Fiedler, 1988). This framework can be used to score generated text for the degree of abstraction (Semin & Fiedler, 1989; see also Fujita, Henderson, Eng, Trope, & Liberman, 2006; Klein et al, 2010).…”

Section: Methods For Studying Abstractionmentioning

confidence: 99%

There Are Many Ways to See the Forest for the Trees

Burgoon

Henderson

Markman

2013

Perspect Psychol Sci

220

204

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Abstraction is a useful process for broadening mental horizons, integrating new experiences, and communicating information to others. Much attention has been directed at identifying the causes and consequences of abstraction across the subdisciplines of psychology. Despite this attention, an integrative review of the methods that are used for studying abstraction is missing from the literature. The current article aims to fill this gap in several ways. First, we highlight the different ways in which abstraction has been defined in the literature and then suggest an integrative definition. Second, we provide a tour of the different ways abstraction has been manipulated and measured over the years. Finally, we highlight considerations for researchers in choosing methods for their own research.

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Section: Methods For Studying Abstractionmentioning

confidence: 99%

There Are Many Ways to See the Forest for the Trees

Burgoon

Henderson

Markman

2013

Perspect Psychol Sci

220

204

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show abstract

“…It is possible that the finding that Cameroonian Nsos focus more on concrete contextual features of social situation (actions) whereas Estonian, German and Swedish participants focus more on more abstract characteristics of a person in a social situation (mental states or physical characteristics) also reflects differences in their cognitive style. The tendency to use more abstract descriptions is likely to be the context‐free (analytic) style prominent in Western contexts, while the tendency to describe an external behaviour and actions is the context‐dependent (holistic) style common in non‐Western/rural contexts (Klein et al, ; Masuda & Nisbett, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Children's and Mothers' Contribution to Joint Reminiscing in Different Sociocultural Contexts: Who Speaks and What is Said

Tulviste

Tõugu

Keller

et al. 2015

Infant and Child Development

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The study compares mothers' conversation with their 4‐year‐old children about two past events in two autonomy‐oriented (35 German and 42 Swedish families), one relatedness‐oriented (22 Cameroonian Nso families) and one autonomy‐relatedness oriented (38 Estonian families) contexts. German mothers were rather similar to Swedish mothers in talking a lot, providing a lot of information and engaging children into conversation, but they differed from Swedish mothers by talking more about social content. Swedish children were more independent conversational partners to their mothers than other children, including German children. Estonian mothers' contribution to conversation was similar to Cameroonian Nso mothers, except that they asked a lot of open‐ended questions to engage children in conversations. Estonian children did not differ from Swedish and German children in their contribution to conversations. Compared to Swedish mothers, past event talk of Estonian mothers was characterized by a bigger proportion of talk devoted to social content, but also to the child, mental states and non‐social content. It was characteristic of Cameroonian Nso mothers that they focused more on other people and actions, and their conversational dominance was larger. Differences in reminiscing were consistent with different cultural models of self and the type of autonomy – psychological or action – promoted. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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“…We used line lengths from a study by Hakim et al (2017) and converted them into pixels (1 mm 2 = 3.78 px); in some cases, they were slightly shortened (see Table 1). This step was necessary, because the FLT is almost always used in a pen-and-paper version (with a few exceptions: Hakim et al, 2017;Klein et al, 2010;Stachoň et al, 2018). The main index of ART is the absolute mean difference (|∆M|) among the correct and drawn absolute/relative lengths of lines (Kitayama et al, 2003;.…”

Section: Extended Cognitive Style Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Analytic and Holistic Cognitive Style as a Set of Independent Manifests: Evidence from a Validation Study of Six Measurement Instruments

Lacko¹,

Prošek²,

Čeněk³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Cognitive styles are commonly studied constructs in cognitive psychology. It can be argued that measurement of these styles in the past had significant shortcomings in validity and reliability. The theory of analytic and holistic cognitive styles followed from traditional research of cognitive styles and attempted to overcome these shortcomings. Unfortunately, the psychometric properties of its measurement methods in many cases were debatable or not reported. New statistical approaches, such as analysis of reaction times, have been reported in the recent literature but remain overlooked by current research on analytic and holistic cognitive styles. The aim of this pre-registered study was to verify the psychometric properties (i.e., factor structure, split-half reliability, test-retest reliability, discriminant validity with intelligence and personality, and divergent, concurrent and predictive validity) of several methods routinely applied in the field. We developed/adapted six methods, and selected several types frequently applied in cognitive style research: self-report questionnaires, methods based on rod-and-frame test principles, embedded figures, and methods based on hierarchical figures. The analysis was conducted on 392 Czech participants, with two data collection waves. The results indicate that the use of self-report questionnaires and methods based on the rod-and-frame principle may be unreliable, demonstrating unsatisfactory factor structure and no absence of association with intelligence. The use of embedded and hierarchical figures is recommended. Because the concurrent and divergent validity of the methods did not correspond with the original two-dimensional theory, we formulated a new three-level hierarchical model of analytic and holistic cognitive styles which better described our empirical findings.

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Effects of schooling and literacy on linguistic abstraction: The role of holistic vs. analytic processing styles

Cited by 12 publications

References 20 publications

There Are Many Ways to See the Forest for the Trees

There Are Many Ways to See the Forest for the Trees

Children's and Mothers' Contribution to Joint Reminiscing in Different Sociocultural Contexts: Who Speaks and What is Said

Analytic and Holistic Cognitive Style as a Set of Independent Manifests: Evidence from a Validation Study of Six Measurement Instruments

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