Effects of<scp>l</scp>-Alanyl-<scp>l</scp>-Glutamine Ingestion on One-Hour Run Performance

Mccormack, William Patrick; Hoffman, Jay R.; Pruna, Gabriel J.; Jajtner, Adam R.; Townsend, Jeremy R.; Stout, Jeffrey R.; Fragala, Maren S.; Fukuda, David H.

doi:10.1080/07315724.2015.1009193

Cited by 14 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Time to exhaustion during the 90% of VO 2 max run was significantly longer during the LD and HD trials compared to DHY. These results though are reported elsewhere (McCormack et al, in press).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 85%

Effect of acute L‐Alanyl‐L‐Glutamine and electrolyte ingestion on cognitive function and reaction time following endurance exercise

Pruna

Hoffman

Mccormack

et al. 2014

European Journal of Sport Science

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The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of the L-Alanyl-L-Glutamine dipeptide (AG) on cognitive function and reaction time (RT) following endurance exercise. Twelve male endurance athletes (23.5 ± 3.7 y; 175.5 ± 5.4 cm; 70.7 ± 7.6 kg) performed four trials, each consisting of running on a treadmill at 70% of VO2max for 1h, then at 90% of VO2max until exhaustion. One trial consisted of no hydration (DHY), another required ingestion of only a sports electrolyte drink (ED) and two trials required ingestion of a low dose (LD; 300 mg·500 ml(-1)) and high dose (HD) of AG (1 g·500ml(-1)) added to the ED. Cognitive function and reaction tests were administered pre- and post-exercise. Magnitude based inferences were used to analyze ∆ cognitive function and ∆ reaction test data. Results indicated that DHY had a possible negative effect on number of hits in a 60-sec reaction test compared to LD and HD, while ED appeared to have a negative effect compared to HD. Analysis of lower body quickness indicated that LD and HD were likely improved in comparison to DHY. Performance on the serial subtraction test appeared to be possibly better in ED than DHY, while other comparisons between groups regarding cognitive function were unclear. In conclusion, rehydrating with AG during submaximal exercise may maintain or enhance subsequent RT in upper and lower body activities compared to DHY. These same effects were not apparent when participants consumed ED.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 85%

Effect of acute L‐Alanyl‐L‐Glutamine and electrolyte ingestion on cognitive function and reaction time following endurance exercise

Pruna

Hoffman

Mccormack

et al. 2014

European Journal of Sport Science

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“…The same research group investigated the effects of L-alanyl-L-glutamine, either in low (1 g/500 mL) or high dose (2 g/500 mL), on physical performance during a basketball game (jump power, reaction time, shooting accuracy and fatigue), and observed an improvement in basketball shooting performance and visual reaction time with low dose of L-alanyl-L-glutamine compared to water ingestion (placebo) [41]. Similarly, McCormack et al [52] submitted endurance-trained men to a one-hour treadmill run at 75% of the VO 2peak followed by a run to exhaustion at 90% of the VO 2peak , after supplementing them with (i) L-alanyl-L-glutamine and a sports drink, (ii) only the sports drink (placebo) or (iii) without any supplementation (no hydration trial). The authors observed that plasma glutamine was higher and time to exhaustion was longer when supplementing with dipeptide compared to the no hydration trial, but there was no difference between L-alanyl-L-glutamine supplementation and the sports drink only (placebo).…”

Section: Glutamine and Its Anti-fatigue Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glutamine as an Anti-Fatigue Amino Acid in Sports Nutrition

2019

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Glutamine is a conditionally essential amino acid widely used in sports nutrition, especially because of its immunomodulatory role. Notwithstanding, glutamine plays several other biological functions, such as cell proliferation, energy production, glycogenesis, ammonia buffering, maintenance of the acid-base balance, among others. Thus, this amino acid began to be investigated in sports nutrition beyond its effect on the immune system, attributing to glutamine various properties, such as an anti-fatigue role. Considering that the ergogenic potential of this amino acid is still not completely known, this review aimed to address the main properties by which glutamine could delay fatigue, as well as the effects of glutamine supplementation, alone or associated with other nutrients, on fatigue markers and performance in the context of physical exercise. PubMed database was selected to examine the literature, using the keywords combination “glutamine” and “fatigue”. Fifty-five studies met the inclusion criteria and were evaluated in this integrative literature review. Most of the studies evaluated observed that glutamine supplementation improved some fatigue markers, such as increased glycogen synthesis and reduced ammonia accumulation, but this intervention did not increase physical performance. Thus, despite improving some fatigue parameters, glutamine supplementation seems to have limited effects on performance.

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“…A 2016 study indicated that L-alanyl-L-glutamine maintained reaction time in an upper and lower-body activities after an exhaustive bout of treadmill running [ 526 ]. Finally, a 2015 paper determined that L-alanyl-L-glutamine significantly improved treadmill running performance when compared to no hydration [ 527 ]. Collectively this research indicates that L-alanyl-L-glutamine at dosages ranging 300–1000 mg per 500 mL of fluid can favorably influence hydration status and performance when compared to no fluid ingestion or water only ingestion.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

ISSN exercise & sports nutrition review update: research & recommendations

Kerksick

Wilborn

Roberts

et al. 2018

Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition

653

741

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BackgroundSports nutrition is a constantly evolving field with hundreds of research papers published annually. In the year 2017 alone, 2082 articles were published under the key words ‘sport nutrition’. Consequently, staying current with the relevant literature is often difficult.MethodsThis paper is an ongoing update of the sports nutrition review article originally published as the lead paper to launch the Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition in 2004 and updated in 2010. It presents a well-referenced overview of the current state of the science related to optimization of training and performance enhancement through exercise training and nutrition. Notably, due to the accelerated pace and size at which the literature base in this research area grows, the topics discussed will focus on muscle hypertrophy and performance enhancement. As such, this paper provides an overview of: 1.) How ergogenic aids and dietary supplements are defined in terms of governmental regulation and oversight; 2.) How dietary supplements are legally regulated in the United States; 3.) How to evaluate the scientific merit of nutritional supplements; 4.) General nutritional strategies to optimize performance and enhance recovery; and, 5.) An overview of our current understanding of nutritional approaches to augment skeletal muscle hypertrophy and the potential ergogenic value of various dietary and supplemental approaches.ConclusionsThis updated review is to provide ISSN members and individuals interested in sports nutrition with information that can be implemented in educational, research or practical settings and serve as a foundational basis for determining the efficacy and safety of many common sport nutrition products and their ingredients.

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Effects ofl-Alanyl-l-Glutamine Ingestion on One-Hour Run Performance

Abstract: Results indicated that ingestion of the alanine-glutamine dipeptide at either the low or high dose significantly improved time to exhaustion during high-intensity exercise compared to a no-hydration trial.

Cited by 14 publications

References 34 publications

Effect of acute L‐Alanyl‐L‐Glutamine and electrolyte ingestion on cognitive function and reaction time following endurance exercise

Effect of acute L‐Alanyl‐L‐Glutamine and electrolyte ingestion on cognitive function and reaction time following endurance exercise

Glutamine as an Anti-Fatigue Amino Acid in Sports Nutrition

ISSN exercise & sports nutrition review update: research & recommendations

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