Effects of season, geographical origin, and Asian carp species on the fillet quality of fish harvested from the Illinois River

Abstract

Exportation of Asian carp from the Illinois River to China is an emerging business with ecological and economic benefits. The current market environment supports the shipment of frozen Asian carp to China; however, lack of standardization in harvesting, hauling, and processing techniques present challenges for product quality. The objective of this study was to evaluate seasonal, spatial, and species effects on fillet quality of Asian carp harvested from the Illinois River. As such, Bighead and Silver Carp were harvested on two occasions (summer and fall) from two geographically distinct reaches (Alton and Peoria) of the Illinois River. Lower (P<0.05) fillet pH, Torrymeter freshness values, and higher aldehyde concentrations were observed in fillet coming from fish harvested in summer compared to those harvested in fall. Asian carp caught in the Alton Reach had lower (P<0.05) fillet pH, post-processing freshness values, and higher aldehyde concentrations than those from the Peoria Reach. Summer harvested fish had higher (P<0.05) whiteness values than fall harvested fish. Lower (P<0.05) pH, freshness values, and increased peroxide concentrations were observed in Bighead Carp relative to Silver Carp fillets.This is the first report of color and Torrymeter freshness values for Silver and Bighead Carp. This can establish a reference for future research in commercial evaluation of flesh quality for these two species.Indicators of shelf life suggest improved product quality for a frozen fish export market can be achieved by concentrating harvest on Silver Carp in the Peoria Reach during the fall season.