Effects of selenium on oxidative damage and antioxidant enzymes of eukaryotic cells: wine Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Abstract

Aim: To clarify the effects of selenium (Se), parameters related to oxidative issues, as well as the antioxidant response were investigated on an autochthonous wine yeast strain. Methods and Results: Antioxidant enzyme activity, gel electrophoresis, Western blot and MDA level were used to investigate the effects of different concentration of Se in wine yeast. We found that Se is able to affect the enzymatic activities of catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and superoxide dismutase (SOD). An increase in lipid peroxidation was observed in a dose-dependent manner of (Se), thus, indicating the occurrence of cell membrane damage. Additionally, Se induced post-translational oxidative modifications of proteins, especially oxidation of thiol groups (both reversible and irreversible) and protein carbonylation (irreversible oxidation). Conclusion: These results obtained could further the understanding the effect of different concentration of Se in wine yeast strain with which Se affect the enzymatic activities and induces some post-translational modifications of proteins. Significance and Impact of the Study: The understanding of mechanisms regulating the response of wine yeast to Se is important for future work using selenized yeast as enriched Se supplements in human nutrition.

A Comprehensive Review on Selenium and Its Effects on Human Health and Distribution in Middle Eastern Countries

“…SelP is the first protein discovered to contain more than one Se atom in the form of SeCys. It has also been shown that Pselenoprotein protects lipoproteins against oxidation by removing the peroxynitrite molecule that is formed due to oxidative stress within cells as a result of the reaction between superoxide ions with nitric oxide molecules at sites of inflammation [17][18][19]. The assumption that SelP is secreted into the bloodstream, as well as several SeCys sequences that are found in its structure, indicates that SePs can become a source of Se for peripheral tissues [20,21].…”

Oxygenic metabolism in nutritional obesity induced by olive oil. The influence of vitamin C

“…This system consists of an enzymatic antioxidant system formed by the studied enzymes SOD, catalase and GPx and an extensive non-enzymatic or chemical antioxidant system that the analyzed vitamin C is part of. 74,75 The effectiveness of these three enzymes is due to a triple defensive action: they reduce ROS and they prevent the interaction of ROS to give rise to species of higher reactivity and finally they repair oxidized macromolecules. In the absence of oxidative stress, generated ROS are held to very low levels due to the coordinated action of these enzyme systems.…”

Selenium and selenoproteins: it’s role in regulation of inflammation

“…Role of selenium in human body is important and crucial in stabilising and neutralising the body metabolism. During wound healing process, certain selenoproteins like GPX-1, GPX-4, selenoprotein S and selenoprotein P combine to perform various reactions such as antioxidant activities, inhibition of inflammatory cytokines and elimination of Peroxynitrate (a super radical ion) in inflammatory phase (Lei et al 2009;Cox et al 2013;Talbi et al 2019).…”