Effects of Sensorimotor Adaptation Training on Functional Mobility in Older Adults

Buccello-Stout, Regina R.; Bloomberg, Jacob J.; Cohen, Helen; Whorton, Elbert B.; Weaver, Gayle D.; Cromwell, Ronita L.

doi:10.1093/geronb/63.5.p295

Cited by 22 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…The sensorimotor adaptation training for older adults developed by Buccello-Stout et al [46] resulted in better performance on an obstacle course after the intervention compared to the control group, who walked on the treadmill without rotation of the virtual scenario.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cognitive and cognitive-motor interventions affecting physical functioning: A systematic review

et al. 2011

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BackgroundSeveral types of cognitive or combined cognitive-motor intervention types that might influence physical functions have been proposed in the past: training of dual-tasking abilities, and improving cognitive function through behavioral interventions or the use of computer games. The objective of this systematic review was to examine the literature regarding the use of cognitive and cognitive-motor interventions to improve physical functioning in older adults or people with neurological impairments that are similar to cognitive impairments seen in aging. The aim was to identify potentially promising methods that might be used in future intervention type studies for older adults.MethodsA systematic search was conducted for the Medline/Premedline, PsycINFO, CINAHL and EMBASE databases. The search was focused on older adults over the age of 65. To increase the number of articles for review, we also included those discussing adult patients with neurological impairments due to trauma, as these cognitive impairments are similar to those seen in the aging population. The search was restricted to English, German and French language literature without any limitation of publication date or restriction by study design. Cognitive or cognitive-motor interventions were defined as dual-tasking, virtual reality exercise, cognitive exercise, or a combination of these.Results28 articles met our inclusion criteria. Three articles used an isolated cognitive rehabilitation intervention, seven articles used a dual-task intervention and 19 applied a computerized intervention. There is evidence to suggest that cognitive or motor-cognitive methods positively affects physical functioning, such as postural control, walking abilities and general functions of the upper and lower extremities, respectively. The majority of the included studies resulted in improvements of the assessed functional outcome measures.ConclusionsThe current evidence on the effectiveness of cognitive or motor-cognitive interventions to improve physical functioning in older adults or people with neurological impairments is limited. The heterogeneity of the studies published so far does not allow defining the training methodology with the greatest effectiveness. This review nevertheless provides important foundational information in order to encourage further development of novel cognitive or cognitive-motor interventions, preferably with a randomized control design. Future research that aims to examine the relation between improvements in cognitive skills and the translation to better performance on selected physical tasks should explicitly take the relation between the cognitive and physical skills into account.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cognitive and cognitive-motor interventions affecting physical functioning: A systematic review

et al. 2011

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“…Customized gait training programs that incorporate altered sensory input have produced signiWcant gains in the elderly (van Hedel and Dietz 2004;Buccello-Stout et al 2007;Bugnariu and Fung 2007), in stroke patients (Bonan et al 2004b;Bayouk et al 2006) and in children with spastic cerebral palsy (Cherng et al 2007). By extension, we believe that accurately identifying astronauts' unique sensory biases and developing customized preXight and inXight gait training programs for them will oVer enhanced performance beneWts during missions involving planetary ambulation and following their return to Earth.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gait adaptability training is affected by visual dependency

et al. 2012

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As part of a larger gait adaptability training study, we designed a program that presented combinations of visual flow and support-surface manipulations to investigate the response of healthy adults to walking on a treadmill in novel discordant sensorimotor conditions. A visual dependence score was determined for each subject, and this score was used to explore how visual dependency was linked to locomotor performance (1) during three training sessions and (2) in a new discordant environment presented at the conclusion of training. Performance measures included reaction time (RT), stride frequency (SF), and heart rate (HR), which respectively served as indicators of cognitive load, postural stability, and anxiety. We hypothesized that training would affect performance measures differently for highly visually dependent individuals than for their less visually dependent counterparts. A seemingly unrelated estimation analysis of RT, SF, and HR revealed a significant omnibus interaction of visual dependency by session (p < 0.001), suggesting that the magnitude of differences in these measures across training day 1 (TD1), training day 3 (TD3), and exposure to a novel test is dependent on subjects' levels of visual dependency. The RT result, in particular, suggested that highly visually dependent subjects successfully trained to one set of sensory discordant conditions but were unable to apply their adapted skills when introduced to a new sensory discordant environment. This finding augments rationale for developing customized gait training programs that are tailored to an individual. It highlights one factor--personal level of visual dependency--to consider when designing training conditions for a subject or patient. Finally, the link between visual dependency and locomotor performance may offer predictive insight regarding which subjects in a normal population will require more training when preparing for specific novel locomotor conditions.

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“…However, few studies have reported the effectiveness of this modality specifically for patients with PD (8)(9)(10) .Galna et al (11) conducted a study with the aim of developing a computer game to improve dynamic postural control using the Xbox 360 with Kinect for individuals with PD. The game provided dynamic postural control training through multidirectional tasks with 12 levels of complexity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, traditional gait training generally does not lead to the complete recovery of the normal gait pattern. In this context, the use of virtual reality for balance and gait training as well as reducing the risk of falls in individuals with neurological disease has demonstrated positive effects on walking speed, step length, the ability to perform dual tasks and overcoming obstacles in comparison to conventional balance training (8,9,10) . Thus, comparisons of the effects of gait training over the ground, on a treadmill and with virtual reality are of interest to researchers and clinicians who employ these methods.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Virtual Reality on Parkinsonian Gait: Blind Controlled Randomized Clinical Trial Protocol

Melo¹,

Moura²,

Fonseca³

et al. 2020

mtprehabjournal

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Background: Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative condition that exerts a negative influence on postural control and mobility, predominantly among older adults, affecting mobility and increasing the risk of slipping, tripping and falls. Objectives: Determine the effectiveness of gait training with the aid of virtual reality on balance and gait in comparison to treadmill training and conventional gait training for subjects with PD. Methods/design: A prospective, randomized, controlled blind, clinical trial is proposed. The sample will comprise 45 individuals with Parkinson's disease randomly allocated to three groups (Control: conventional gait training; Experimental I: treadmill training; and Experimental II: gait training involving virtual reality). Evaluations will be conducted on four occasions: 1) pre-intervention; 2) immediately after one session; 3) post-intervention; and 4) one month after last session. The evaluations will involve the Berg Balance Scale, Tinetti Test, Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale and Hoehn and Yahr Scale. The G-WALK (BTS) inertial sensor will be used for the evaluation of spatiotemporal gait variables, the Timed Up and Go test and the Six-Minute Walk Test. Training will involve 20-minute sessions held three times per week for four consecutive weeks. The results will be analyzed statistically by two-way ANOVA for the data with parametric distribution or Friedman's two-way ANOVA for non-parametric data (α<0.05). Conclusion:The proposed study will compare gait conventional training, treadmill training and training with virtual reality with regard to improvements in gait and balance in patients with PD. The results will be published and will contribute evidence on the use of these interventions for individuals with PD.

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Effects of Sensorimotor Adaptation Training on Functional Mobility in Older Adults

Cited by 22 publications

References 32 publications

Cognitive and cognitive-motor interventions affecting physical functioning: A systematic review

Cognitive and cognitive-motor interventions affecting physical functioning: A systematic review

Gait adaptability training is affected by visual dependency

Effects of Virtual Reality on Parkinsonian Gait: Blind Controlled Randomized Clinical Trial Protocol

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