Effects of separation time on behavioral and physiological characteristics of Brahman cows and their calves

Pérez-Torres, Libia; Orihuela, Agustı́n; Corro, Manuel; Rubio, I.; Alonso, Miguel A.; Galina, C.S.

doi:10.1016/j.applanim.2016.03.010

Cited by 28 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Previous studies [20,27,70] agree that cow-calf removal for 24 h results in fewer behavioral and physiological indices of distress compared to a 72-h separation. Furthermore, Price et al [71], Acevedo et al [27] and Pérez-Torres et al [20], demonstrated that in general cows are less affected than their young, according to the results showing that mothers as well as their young exhibit reuniting behaviors (locomotion, calling) following separation although the duration and intensity of efforts to reunite tend to be greater in offspring than their mothers.…”

Section: Weaning Methodsmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…Weary et al [19], found that younger animals are more socially dependent upon the dam. Accordingly, Pérez-Torres et al [20] found that 25-day-old calves were observed within <10 m from the fence line regardless of the separation period, a pattern not observed in 45-day-old calves, suggesting a greater independence from their mothers. Calves also must change their eating habits, moving from a liquid to a solid diet; from suckling to grassing or concentrate consumption.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of Separation of Cows and Calves on Reproductive Performance and Animal Welfare in Tropical Beef Cattle

Orihuela

Galina

2019

Animals

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Nursing a calf suppresses postpartum ovarian activity prolonging the period of anestrus. Diverse methods are used to reduce the effect of suckling; the most popular, restricted suckling, reduces the number of encounters mother-calf. Temporal weaning of the calf for periods of 24 h, 48 h, or even 72 h also suppress the effect of suckling and is commonly applied to cow-calf operations in the tropics. Early weaning of the calf, usually three to five months after birth, is a practice gaining popularity over the traditional system of weaning at seven months. Furthermore, the use of nose-flaps in the calf to avoid suckling is a common procedure in South America. Finally, weaning during the first week after calving is an established method to reduce postpartum anestrus. The objective of the present review is to discuss the effects of these methods on the reproductive performance of beef cattle and their animal welfare implications.

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Section: Weaning Methodsmentioning

confidence: 90%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Separation of Cows and Calves on Reproductive Performance and Animal Welfare in Tropical Beef Cattle

Orihuela

Galina

2019

Animals

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“…Additionally, management practices during the handling limited the applicability of some measures. This was particularly so for vocalisation which can be a useful measure of stockpersonship, but on most farms was simply a measure of separation anxiety of cows from calves [25]. The requirement for measures to be repeatable and comparable across operations means that this protocol need to be tested on more farms by more assessors to validate whether measures are repeatable across assessors and whether differences between farms affect feasibility.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developing an Animal Welfare Assessment Protocol for Cows in Extensive Beef Cow–Calf Systems in New Zealand. Part 1: Assessing the Feasibility of Identified Animal Welfare Assessment Measures

Kaurivi

Laven

Parkinson

et al. 2020

Animals

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Potential measures suitable for assessing welfare in pasture-based beef cow–calf systems in New Zealand were identified from Welfare Quality and UC Davis Cow-Calf protocols. These were trialled on a single farm and a potential protocol of 50 measures created. The aim of this study was to assess the feasibility of the measures included in this protocol on multiple farms in order, to develop a credible animal welfare assessment protocol for pasture-based cow–calf farms systems in New Zealand. The assessment protocol was trialled on 25 farms over two visits and took a total of 2.5 h over both visits for a 100-cow herd. The first visit in autumn included an animal welfare assessment of 3366 cows during pregnancy scanning, while the second visit in winter included a questionnaire-guided interview to assess cattle management and health, and a farm resource evaluation. Through a process of eliminating unsuitable measures, adjustments of modifiable measures and retaining feasible measures, a protocol with 32 measures was created. The application of the protocol on the farms showed that not all measures are feasible for on-farm assessment, and categorisation of identified animal welfare measures into scores that indicate a threshold of acceptable and non-acceptable welfare standards is necessary.

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“…As anticipated, cows with more than 30 days postpartum on average had a higher number of cows pregnant. This phenomenon is the consequence of the suckling stimulus being minimized as the calves start to use other ingredients for their nutrition (Pérez‐Torres et al., ; Rasby, ). On the other hand, animals calving early are away from the physiological factors that parturition generates in the organism (negative energy balance, uterine involution and maximum milk production).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monitoring changes in back fat thickness and its effect on the restoration of ovarian activity and fertility in Bos indicus cows

Díaz

Galina

Rubio

et al. 2018

Reprod Domestic Animals

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With the objective of testing the hypothesis if animals with a stable layer of body fat (FAT) during the peripartum have a better chance of becoming pregnant after calving, fifty-nine multiparous Brahman cows in their last trimester of pregnancy were used. Animals averaged four parturitions and were stocked at a rate of 1.25 animal units per hectare and divided into two groups depending on the time postpartum (dpp) that the intravaginal releasing device CIDR was inserted; Group 1 (<30 dpp; n = 30) received the implant at 25.2 ± 4.21 and withdrawn 9 days later. Group 2 (≥30 dpp; n = 29) received the CIDR at 38.41 ± 5.8. Animals were AI at detected oestrus until 170 dpp and calculated as pregnant at first service or requiring more than one service (1s and >1s), not pregnant but cycling (not pregnant) and those not cycling at all (anestrus). The FAT measurements were taken twice each month from the last trimester of gestation until 96 dpp. The onset of ovarian activity was monitored through blood levels of progesterone (P4) at days 14 and 9 prior to CIDR insertion and days 10, 13, 30 and 33 after CIDR withdrawal. Animals pregnant did not have any major changes in their fat thickness. In contrast, cows pregnant in the group ≥30 dpp had changes in their FAT homoeostasis, and pregnant animals in the 1s and >1s groups did not show differences in dorsal back fat in the last trimester of pregnancy and early postpartum. In contrast, animals not pregnant and in anestrus FAT values decreased considerably after parturition. Overall, fertility was 49%, but 18% of all the animals remained anestrus losing FAT. Thus, animals with adequate metabolic conditions will have a better chance of pregnancy regardless of the time postpartum when the reproductive programme starts.

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Effects of separation time on behavioral and physiological characteristics of Brahman cows and their calves

Cited by 28 publications

References 29 publications

Effects of Separation of Cows and Calves on Reproductive Performance and Animal Welfare in Tropical Beef Cattle

Effects of Separation of Cows and Calves on Reproductive Performance and Animal Welfare in Tropical Beef Cattle

Developing an Animal Welfare Assessment Protocol for Cows in Extensive Beef Cow–Calf Systems in New Zealand. Part 1: Assessing the Feasibility of Identified Animal Welfare Assessment Measures

Monitoring changes in back fat thickness and its effect on the restoration of ovarian activity and fertility in Bos indicus cows

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